Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in vascular biology-molecular mechanisms and clinical implications

Vascular Pharmacology - Tập 45 Số 1 - Trang 19-28 - 2006
Rhian M. Touyz1, Ernesto L. Schiffrin2
1Kidney Research Centre, Ottawa Health Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
2Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Abe, 2003, GATA-6 is involved in PPARgamma-mediated activation of differentiated phenotype in human vascular smooth muscle cells, Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 23, 404, 10.1161/01.ATV.0000059405.51042.A0

Aitman, 1999, Identification of Cd36 (Fat) as an insulin-resistance gene causing defective fatty acid and glucose metabolism in hypertensive rats, Nat. Genet., 21, 76, 10.1038/5013

Artwohl, 2005, Thiazolidinediones inhibit apoptosis and heat shock protein 60 expression in human vascular endothelial cells, Thromb. Haemost., 93, 810, 10.1160/TH04-09-0615

Barlocco, 2005, Muraglitazar (Bristol-Myers Squibb/Merck), Curr. Opin. Investig. Drugs, 6, 427

Barroso, 1999, Dominant negative mutations in human PPARgamma associated with severe insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus and hypertension, Nature, 402, 880, 10.1038/47254

Bishop-Bailey, 2000, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in the cardiovascular system, Br. J. Pharmacol., 129, 823, 10.1038/sj.bjp.0703149

Bishop-Bailey, 1999, Endothelial cell apoptosis induced by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) ligand 15-deoxy-Delta12, 14-prostaglandin J2, J. Biol. Chem., 274, 17042, 10.1074/jbc.274.24.17042

Bishop-Bailey, 2003, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors: a critical review on endogenous pathways for ligand generation, Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat., 71, 1, 10.1016/S0090-6980(03)00003-0

Blanquart, 2004, The protein kinase C signaling pathway regulates a molecular switch between transactivation and transrepression activity of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha, Mol. Endocrinol., 18, 1906, 10.1210/me.2003-0327

Blaschke, 2006, Obesity, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, and atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes, Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 26, 28, 10.1161/01.ATV.0000191663.12164.77

Braissant, 1996, Differential expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs): tissue distribution of PPAR-α,-β, and-γ in the adult rat, Endocrinology, 137, 354, 10.1210/en.137.1.354

Bruemmer, 2003, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma inhibits expression of minichromosome maintenance proteins in vascular smooth muscle cells, Mol. Endocrinol., 17, 1005, 10.1210/me.2002-0410

Bruemmer, 2003, Regulation of the growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible gene 45 (GADD45) by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in vascular smooth muscle cells, Circ. Res., 93, e38, 10.1161/01.RES.0000088344.15288.E6

Bruemmer, 2005, New targets for PPARgamma in the vessel wall: implications for restenosis, Int. J. Obes. (Lond.), 29, S26, 10.1038/sj.ijo.0802910

Buse, 2005, Muraglitazar, a dual (alpha/gamma) PPAR activator: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 24-week monotherapy trial in adult patients with type 2 diabetes, 27, 1181

Calnek, 2003, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligands increase release of nitric oxide from endothelial cells, Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 23, 52, 10.1161/01.ATV.0000044461.01844.C9

Charbonnel, 2004, PROactive Study Group. The prospective pioglitazone clinical trial in macrovascular events (PROactive): can pioglitazone reduce cardiovascular events in diabetes? Study design and baseline characteristics of 5238 patients, Diabetes Care, 27, 1647, 10.2337/diacare.27.7.1647

Chawla, 2003, PPARδ is a very low-density lipoprotein sensor in macrophages, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 100, 1268, 10.1073/pnas.0337331100

Cheng, 2004, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta activates fatty acid oxidation in cultured neonatal and adult cardiomyocytes, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 313, 277, 10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.11.127

Chinetti, 1998, Activation of proliferator-activated receptors α and γ induces apoptosis of human monocyte-derived macrophages, J. Biol. Chem., 273, 25573, 10.1074/jbc.273.40.25573

Chinetti, 2003, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and inflammation: from basic science to clinical applications, Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord., 27, S41, 10.1038/sj.ijo.0802499

Delerive, 1999, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α negatively regulates the vascular inflammatory gene response by negative cross-talk with transcription factors NF-κB and AP-1, J. Biol. Chem., 274, 32048, 10.1074/jbc.274.45.32048

Delerive, 2001, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in inflammation control, J. Endocrinol., 169, 453, 10.1677/joe.0.1690453

1999, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor activators inhibit thrombin-induced endothelin-1 production in human vascular endothelial cells by inhibiting the activator protein-1 signaling pathway, Circ. Res., 85, 394, 10.1161/01.RES.85.5.394

Desvergne, 1999, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors: nuclear control of metabolism, Endocr. Rev., 20, 649, 10.1210/er.20.5.649

de Dios, 2003, Inhibitory Activity of Clinical Thiazolidinedione Peroxisome Proliferator Activating Receptor-γ Ligands Toward Internal Mammary Artery, Radial Artery, and Saphenous Vein Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation, Circulation, 107, 2548, 10.1161/01.CIR.0000074040.31731.96

Diep, 2001, Increased expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α and-γ in blood vessels of spontaneously hypertensive rats, Hypertension, 38, 249, 10.1161/01.HYP.38.2.249

Diep, 2000, Endothelin-1 attenuates ω-3 fatty acid-induced apoptosis by inhibition of caspase 3, Hypertension, 3, 287, 10.1161/01.HYP.35.1.287

Diep, 2000, Docosahexaenoic acid, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α activator, induces apoptosis in vascular smooth muscle cells by activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, Hypertension, 36, 851, 10.1161/01.HYP.36.5.851

Diep, 2002, PPARα activator effects on Ang II-induced vascular oxidative stress and inflammation, Hypertension, 40, 866, 10.1161/01.HYP.0000037969.41360.CC

Diep, 2002, Structure, endothelial function, cell growth, and inflammation in blood vessels of angiotensin II-infused rats: role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, Circulation, 105, 2296, 10.1161/01.CIR.0000016049.86468.23

Diep, 2004, PPARα activator fenofibrate inhibits myocardial inflammation and fibrosis in angiotensin II-infused rats, J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol., 36, 295, 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2003.11.004

Diradourian, 2005, Phosphorylation of PPARs: from molecular characterization to physiological relevance, Biochimie, 87, 33, 10.1016/j.biochi.2004.11.010

2001, Effect of fenofibrate on progression of coronary-artery disease in type 2 diabetes: the Diabetes Atherosclerosis Intervention Study, a randomised study, Lancet, 357, 905, 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)04209-4

Ericsson, 1997, Effect of bezafibrate treatment over five years on coronary plaques causing 20% to 50% diameter narrowing (The Bezafibrate Coronary Atherosclerosis Intervention Trial [BECAIT]), Am. J. Cardiol., 80, 1125, 10.1016/S0002-9149(97)00626-7

Evans, 2000, Ciprofibrate therapy improves endothelial function and reduces postprandial lipemia and oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus, Circulation, 101, 1773, 10.1161/01.CIR.101.15.1773

Flavell, 2002, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha gene variants influence progression of coronary atherosclerosis and risk of coronary artery disease, Circulation, 105, 1440, 10.1161/01.CIR.0000012145.80593.25

Frick, 1987, Helsinki Heart Study: primary-prevention trial with gemfibrozil in middle-aged men with dyslipidemia. Safety of treatment, changes in risk factors, and incidence of coronary heart disease, N. Engl. J. Med., 317, 1237, 10.1056/NEJM198711123172001

Frick, 1997, Prevention of the angiographic progression of coronary and vein-graft atherosclerosis by gemfibrozil after coronary bypass surgery in men with low levels of HDL cholesterol. Lopid Coronary Angiography Trial (LOCAT) Study Group, Circulation, 96, 2137, 10.1161/01.CIR.96.7.2137

Goya, 2004, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha agonists increase nitric oxide synthase expression in vascular endothelial cells, Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 24, 658, 10.1161/01.ATV.0000118682.58708.78

Graham, 2005, The PPARdelta agonist GW0742X reduces atherosclerosis in LDLR(-/-) mice, Atherosclerosis, 182, 381, 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2005.05.014

Haffner, 2002, Effect of Rosiglitazone Treatment on Nontraditional Markers of Cardiovascular Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Circulation, 106, 679, 10.1161/01.CIR.0000025403.20953.23

Han, 2005, Beneficial vascular and metabolic effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha activators, Hypertension, 46, 1086, 10.1161/01.HYP.0000187900.36455.4c

Hannan, 2003, Troglitazone stimulates repair of the endothelium and inhibits neointimal formation in denuded rat aorta, Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 1; 23, 762, 10.1161/01.ATV.0000069210.46539.0D

Hansen, 2001, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARdelta)-mediated regulation of preadipocyte proliferation and gene expression is dependent on cAMP signaling, J. Biol. Chem., 276, 3175, 10.1074/jbc.M005567200

Harrity, 2006, Muraglitazar, a Novel Dual ({alpha}/{gamma}) Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Activator, Improves Diabetes and Other Metabolic Abnormalities and Preserves {beta}-Cell Function in db/db Mice, 55, 240

Hennuyer, 1999, Beneficial effects of fibrates on apolipoprotein A-I metabolism occur independently of any peroxisome proliferative response, Circulation, 99, 2445, 10.1161/01.CIR.99.18.2445

Horio, 2005, Pioglitazone improves left ventricular diastolic function in patients with essential hypertension, Am. J. Hypertens., 18, 949, 10.1016/j.amjhyper.2005.02.003

Iglarz, 2003, Effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α and-γ activators on vascular remodeling in endothelin-dependent hypertension, Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 23, 45, 10.1161/01.ATV.0000047447.67827.CD

Inoue, 1998, Expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) in primary cultures of human vascular endothelial cells, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 246, 370, 10.1006/bbrc.1998.8622

Irukayama-Tomobe, 2004, Activation of Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor-alpha Decreases Endothelin-1-induced p38 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Activation in Cardiomyocytes, J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol., 44, S358, 10.1097/01.fjc.0000166303.33313.01

Ishibashi, 2002, Antiinflammatory and Antiarteriosclerotic Effects of Pioglitazone, Hypertension, 40, 687, 10.1161/01.HYP.0000036396.64769.C2

Israelian-Konaraki, 2005, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha and atherosclerosis: from basic mechanisms to clinical implications, Cardiol. Rev., 13, 240, 10.1097/01.crd.0000137255.54390.12

Issemann, 1991, Cloning of novel members of the steroid hormone receptor superfamily, J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 40, 263, 10.1016/0960-0760(91)90191-7

James, 2005, Brophy, Selling Safety-Lessons From Muraglitazar, JAMA, 294, 2633, 10.1001/jama.294.20.jed50074

Jiang, 1998, PPAR-γ agonists inhibit production of monocyte inflammatory cytokines, Nature, 391, 82, 10.1038/35154

Kliewer, 1994, Differential expression and activation of a family of murine peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 91, 7355, 10.1073/pnas.91.15.7355

Law, 2001, PPARγ and atherosclerosis: effects on cell growth and movement, Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 21, 1891, 10.1161/hq1201.100261

Law, 1996, Troglitazone inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell growth and intimal hyperplasia, J. Clin. Invest., 98, 1897, 10.1172/JCI118991

Law, 2000, Expression and Function of PPARγ in Rat and Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells, Circulation, 101, 1311, 10.1161/01.CIR.101.11.1311

Lee, 2000, Role for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha in oxidized phospholipid-induced synthesis of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and interleukin-8 by endothelial cells, Circ. Res., 87, 516, 10.1161/01.RES.87.6.516

Lee, 2003, Transcriptional repression of atherogenic inflammation: modulation by PPARdelta, Science, 302, 453, 10.1126/science.1087344

Lee, 2003, Transcriptional repression of atherogenic inflammation: modulation by PPARdelta, Science, 302, 453, 10.1126/science.1087344

Leibowitz, 2000, Activation of PPARdelta alters lipid metabolism in db/db mice, FEBS Lett., 473, 333, 10.1016/S0014-5793(00)01554-4

Li, 2000, Peroxisome proliferators activated receptor gamma ligands inhibit development of atherosclerosis in LDL receptor-deficient mice, J. Clin. Invest., 106, 523, 10.1172/JCI10370

Madej, 1998, Effects of fenofibrate on plasma cytokine concentrations in patients with atherosclerosis and hyperlipoproteinemia IIb, Int. J. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 36, 345

Marx, 1999, PPARalpha activators inhibit cytokine-induced vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression in human endothelial cells, Circulation, 99, 3125, 10.1161/01.CIR.99.24.3125

Marx, 2000, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma activators inhibit IFN-gamma-induced expression of the T cell-active CXC chemokines IP-10, Mig, and I-TAC in human endothelial cells, J. Immunol., 164, 6503, 10.4049/jimmunol.164.12.6503

Marx, 2003, Effect of Rosiglitazone Treatment on Soluble CD40L in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Coronary Artery Disease, Circulation, 107, 1954, 10.1161/01.CIR.0000069272.06194.91

Marx, 2004, Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors and Atherogenesis: Regulators of Gene Expression in Vascular Cells, Circ. Res., 94, 1168, 10.1161/01.RES.0000127122.22685.0A

Muscat, 2005, Cardiovascular disease and PPARdelta: targeting the risk factors, Curr. Opin. Investig. Drugs, 6, 887

Nissen, 2005, Effect of muraglitazar on death and major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, 294, 2581

Olefsky, 2000, PPAR gamma and the treatment of insulin resistance, Trends Endocrinol. Metab., 11, 362, 10.1016/S1043-2760(00)00306-4

Oliver, 2001, A selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta agonist promotes reverse cholesterol transport, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 98, 5306, 10.1073/pnas.091021198

Patel, 2005, Thiazolidinediones, peripheral oedema and congestive heart failure: what is the evidence?, Diab. Vasc. Dis. Res., 2, 61, 10.3132/dvdr.2005.010

Planavila, 2005, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta/delta activation inhibits hypertrophy in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, Cardiovasc. Res., 65, 832, 10.1016/j.cardiores.2004.11.011

Playford, 2002, Effect of fenofibrate on brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation in type 2 diabetes mellitus, Am. J. Cardiol., 90, 1254, 10.1016/S0002-9149(02)02847-3

Rhee, 2006, Effects of two common polymorphisms of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma gene on metabolic syndrome, Arch. Med. Res., 37, 86, 10.1016/j.arcmed.2005.04.008

Ricote, 1999, The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorγ (PPARγ) as a regulator of monocyte/macrophage function, J. Leukoc. Biol., 66, 733, 10.1002/jlb.66.5.733

Ricote, 2004, Decoding transcriptional programs regulated by PPARs and LXRs in the macrophage: effects on lipid homeostasis, inflammation, and atherosclerosis, Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 24, 230, 10.1161/01.ATV.0000103951.67680.B1

Robins, 2003, Veterans Affairs HDL Intervention Trial (VA-HIT). Insulin resistance and cardiovascular events with low HDL cholesterol: the Veterans Affairs HDL Intervention Trial (VA-HIT), Diabetes Care, 26, 1513, 10.2337/diacare.26.5.1513

Saltiel, 1996, Thiazolidinediones in the treatment of insulin resistance and type II diabetes, Diabetes, 45, 1661, 10.2337/diabetes.45.12.1661

Sarafidis, 2005, The effect of rosiglitazone on novel atherosclerotic risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension: An open-label observational study, Metabolism, 54, 1236, 10.1016/j.metabol.2005.04.010

Sarafidis, 2005, The effect of rosiglitazone on urine albumin excretion in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension, Am. J. Hypertens., 18, 227, 10.1016/j.amjhyper.2004.09.010

Satoh, 2003, Antiatherogenic effect of pioglitazone in type 2 diabetic patients irrespective of the responsiveness to its antidiabetic effect, Diabetes Care, 26, 2493, 10.2337/diacare.26.9.2493

Schiffrin, 2005, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and cardiovascular remodeling, Am. J. Physiol, Heart Circ. Physiol., 288, H1037, 10.1152/ajpheart.00677.2004

Sidhu, 2003, The effects of rosiglitazone, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonist, on markers of endothelial cell activation, C-reactive protein, and fibrinogen levels in non-diabetic coronary artery disease patients, J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., 42, 1757, 10.1016/j.jacc.2003.04.001

Sidhu, 2004, Effect of rosiglitazone on common carotid intima-media thickness progression in coronary artery disease Patients without diabetes mellitus, Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 24, 930, 10.1161/01.ATV.0000124890.40436.77

Staels, 1998, Activation of human aortic smooth-muscle cells is inhibited by PPARα but not by PPARγ activators, Nature, 393, 790, 10.1038/31701

Takagi, 2000, Troglitazone reduces neointimal tissue proliferation after coronary stent implantation in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus: a serial intravascular ultrasound study, J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., 36, 1529, 10.1016/S0735-1097(00)00895-0

Tan, 2001, Critical roles of PPAR beta/delta in keratinocyte response to inflammation, Genes Dev., 15, 3263, 10.1101/gad.207501

Tao, 2003, Antioxidative, antinitrative, and vasculoprotective effects of a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonist in hypercholesterolemia, Circulation, 108, 2805, 10.1161/01.CIR.0000097003.49585.5E

Tontonoz, 1994, Stimulation of adipogenesis in fibroblasts by PPARγ2, a lipid-activated transcription factor, Cell, 79, 1147, 10.1016/0092-8674(94)90006-X

Varo, 2003, Elevated Plasma Levels of the Atherogenic Mediator Soluble CD40 Ligand in Diabetic Patients: A Novel Target of Thiazolidinediones, Circulation, 107, 2664, 10.1161/01.CIR.0000074043.46437.44

Vosper, 2001, The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta promotes lipid accumulation in human macrophages, J. Biol. Chem., 276, 44258, 10.1074/jbc.M108482200

Wakino, 2001, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligands inhibit mitogenic induction of p21(Cip1) by modulating the protein kinase Cdelta pathway in vascular smooth muscle cells, J. Biol. Chem., 276, 47650, 10.1074/jbc.M108719200

Wang, 2003, Peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor delta activates fat metabolism to prevent obesity, Cell, 113, 159, 10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00269-1

Wang, 2004, Rosiglitazone facilitates angiogenic progenitor cell differentiation toward endothelial lineage— A new paradigm in glitazone pleiotropy, Circulation, 109, 1392, 10.1161/01.CIR.0000123231.49594.21

Wang, 2004, Effects of rosiglitazone on endothelial function, C-reactive protein, and components of the metabolic syndrome in nondiabetic patients with the metabolic syndrome, Am. J. Cardiol., 93, 362, 10.1016/j.amjcard.2003.10.022

Zhang, 2002, 15-Deoxy-prostaglandin J(2) inhibits PDGF-A and-B chain expression in human vascular endothelial cells independent of PPAR gamma, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 298, 128, 10.1016/S0006-291X(02)02401-4

Zhang, 2002, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta is up-regulated during vascular lesion formation and promotes post-confluent cell proliferation in vascular smooth muscle cells, J. Biol. Chem., 277, 11505, 10.1074/jbc.M110580200

Ziouzenkova, 2004, Lipolytic PPAR activation: new insights into the intersection of triglycerides and inflammation?, Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care, 7, 369, 10.1097/01.mco.0000134358.46159.61