Per duodenoscopic cannulation (of the major and minor papilla) as a means of studying the oddi sphincteric system

Per duodenoscopic cannulation of the biliopancreatic ducts has allowed for a new approach to the area of Vater’s ampulla and oddi sphineter. Our own studies lead us to simplify the description of the oddi area. There should be a single ventricule moving with diastolic and systolic motion with an upper-located single sphincter. The morphology and development of the ampulla are perhaps determinating in adult life but even more in foetal life.