Pediatric musculoskeletal ultrasound: a pictorial essay

Journal of Ultrasound - Tập 22 - Trang 491-502 - 2018
Luigi Barbuto1, Marco Di Serafino2, Nicoletta Della Vecchia3, Gaetano Rea4, Francesco Esposito5, Norberto Vezzali6, Federica Ferro6, Maria Grazia Caprio7, Elena Augusta Vola8, Valeria Romeo8, Gianfranco Vallone8
1Radiology Department, Umberto I Hospital, Nocera Inferiore, Italy
2Radiology Department, “Antonio Cardarelli” Hospital, Naples, Italy
3Pediatric Department, Vanvitelli University, Naples, Italy
4Radiology Department, Vincenzo Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy
5Radiology Department, “Santobono-Pausilipon” Children Hospital, Naples, Italy
6Radiology Department, Regional Hospital of Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
7Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
8Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy

Tóm tắt

Ultrasound (US) is the main imaging modality for the evaluation of pediatric patients with musculoskeletal diseases; particularly, it is an appropriate and reliable tool for diagnosis, follow-up and treatment of several musculoskeletal pathologies affecting the pediatric age. High-frequency (10–15 MHz) and high-resolution probes provide very lofty quality images, allowing a detailed study of the pediatric musculoskeletal system. Among the well-known advantages of this technique—such as the absence of ionizing radiations, its low cost and wide availability—US can as well rely on some intrinsic characteristics of the pediatric musculoskeletal system that can improve its diagnostic capability. The unossified portions of the pediatric skeleton and the absence of a thickened adipose tissue allow US to be highly effective and reliable in the study of muscles, tendons and cartilage. Lower-frequency sectoral transducers can be required in the study of some joints such as the shoulder or the hip, as well as in the examination of deep soft-tissue lesions. Furthermore, both color and spectral Doppler play an important role in the examination of soft-tissue lesions and synovial phlogosis. In this pictorial essay the main pathological conditions of pediatric musculoskeletal system will be examined, such as painful hip, evolutionary hip dysplasia, osteochondrosis, trauma-related pathologies and juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

Tài liệu tham khảo

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