Pediatric Endoscopy

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10.1016/S1052-5157(18)30527-0 Chuang, 1995, Intravenous sedation in pediatric upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, Gastrointest Endosc, 42, 156, 10.1016/S0016-5107(95)70073-0 1992, Guidelines for monitoring and management of pediatric patients during and after sedation for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, Pediatrics, 89, 1110, 10.1542/peds.89.6.1110 Cosgrove, 1997, Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in children with Crohn’s disease, Arch Dis Child, 76, 141, 10.1136/adc.76.2.141 Cote, 1994, Sedation for the pediatric patient, Pediatr Clin North Am, 41, 31, 10.1016/S0031-3955(16)38690-4 Crafoord, 1939, Nonsurgical treatment of varicose veins of the esophagus, Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh), 27, 422, 10.3109/00016483909123738 Cremer, 1974, Fiberendoscopy of the gastrointestinal tract in children: Experience with newly designed fiberscopes, Endoscopy, 6, 186, 10.1055/s-0028-1098619 da Silva, 1997, Colonoscopy preparation in children: Safety, efficacy, and tolerance of high-versus low-volume cleansing methods, J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, 24, 33, 10.1097/00005176-199701000-00009 Davidson, 1995, Technique and complications of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in children, Aust N Z J Surg, 65, 194, 10.1111/j.1445-2197.1995.tb00606.x Dillon, 1998, Colonoscopy under general anesthesia in children, Pediatrics, 102, 381, 10.1542/peds.102.2.381 Duggan, 1995, Intraoperative enteroscopy in the diagnosis of partial intestinal obstruction in infancy, Dig Dis Sei, 40, 236, 10.1007/BF02209012 Ebina, 1997, Endoscopic hemostasis of bleeding duodenal ulcer in a child with Henoch-Schonlein purpura, J Pediatr, 131, 934, 10.1016/S0022-3476(97)70049-0 El-Baba, 1994, Absence of bacteremia after gastrointestinal procedures in children, Gastrointest Endosc, 40, P51 Figueroa-Colon, 1988, Randomized study of premedication for esophagogastroduodenoscopy in children and adolescents, J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, 7, 359, 10.1097/00005176-198805000-00008 Fishbein, 1997, Evaluation of intranasal midazolam in children undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy, J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, 25, 261, 10.1097/00005176-199709000-00004 Fox, 1997, Clinical competency in pediatric endoscopy: A commentary, J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, 26, 200, 10.1097/00005176-199802000-00015 Fox, 1997, Complications following percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and subsequent catheter replacement in children and young adults, Gastrointest Endosc, 45, 64, 10.1016/S0016-5107(97)70304-3 Fox, 1995, Endoscopic ligation of esophageal varices in children, J Pediatr Gastroentol Nutr, 20, 202, 10.1097/00005176-199502000-00011 Fox, 1994, Endoscopic band ligation for gastrointestinal bleeding due to blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome, Gastrointest Endosc, 40, P51 Fox, 1998, High frequency probe ultrasonography in children: Preliminary findings, J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, 27, 476, 10.1097/00005176-199810000-00074 Fox VL, Werlin SL, Heyman M: ERCP in children: A position statement from the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, in press Frayling, 1990, Methaemaglobinaemia in children treated with prilocaine-lignocaine cream, BMJ, 301, 153, 10.1136/bmj.301.6744.153 Freeman, 1973, Clinical evaluation of the fiberoptic bronchoscope (Olympus BF 5B) for pediatric endoscopy, J Pediatr Surg, 8, 213, 10.1016/S0022-3468(73)80087-9 Gauderer, 1991, Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy: A 10-year experience with 220 children, J Pediatr Surg, 26, 288, 10.1016/0022-3468(91)90504-M Gauderer MWL, Ponsky JL, Izant RJ J: Gastrostomy without laparotomy: A percutaneous endoscopic technique. 15:872-875, 1980 Ghishan, 1987, Intramural duodenal hematoma: An unusual complication of endoscopic small bowel biopsy, Am J Gastroenterol, 82, 368 Gilchrist, 1997, Pearls and perils in the management of prolonged, peculiar, penetrating esophageal foreign bodies in children, J Pediatr Surg, 32, 1429, 10.1016/S0022-3468(97)90554-6 Gilger, 1993, Conscious sedation for endoscopy in the pediatric patient, Gastroenterology Nursing, 16, 75, 10.1097/00001610-199310000-00007 Gilger MA, Jeiven SJ, Barrish JO, McCarroll LR: Oxygen desaturation and cardiac dysrhythmias in children during esophagogastroduodenoscopy using conscious sedation. 39:392-395, 1993 Gleason, 1974, Fiberoptic gastrointestinal endoscopy in infants and children, J Pediatr, 85, 810, 10.1016/S0022-3476(74)80347-1 Goretsky, 1996, Alternative techniques of feeding gastrostomy in children: A critical analysis, J Am Coll Surg, 182, 233 Graham, 1978, Value of fiberoptic gastrointestinal endoscopy in infants and children, Southern Med J, 71, 558, 10.1097/00007611-197805000-00022 Gremse, 1996, Comparison of oral sodium phosphate to polyethylene glycol-based solution for bowel preparation for colonoscopy in children, J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, 23, 586, 10.1097/00005176-199612000-00013 Guelrud, 1997 Hargrove, 1984, Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in infants: Diagnostic usefulness and safety, Pediatrics, 74, 828, 10.1542/peds.74.5.828 Hassall, 1994, Nonsurgical treatments for portal hypertension in children, Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am, 4, 223, 10.1016/S1052-5157(18)30529-4 Hassall, 1997, Requirements for training to ensure competence of endoscopists performing invasive procedures in children, J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, 24, 345, 10.1097/00005176-199703000-00018 Hassall, 1993, Should pediatric gastroenterologists be i.v. drug users?, J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, 16, 370, 10.1097/00005176-199305000-00004 Haynes, 1996, Gastrostomy and growth in dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa, Br J Dermatol, 134, 872, 10.1111/j.1365-2133.1996.tb06318.x Ingego, 1997, Sedation in children: Adequacy of two-hour fasting, J Pediatr, 131, 155, 10.1016/S0022-3476(97)70141-0 Israel, 1995, Prolonged use of gastrostomy for enteral hyperalimentation in children with Crohn’s disease, Am J Gastroenterol, 90, 1084 Karjoo, 1994, Duodenal hematoma and acute pancreatitis after upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, Gastrointest Endosc, 40, 493, 10.1016/S0016-5107(94)70219-5 Kāto, 1993, Endoscopic ultrasonography in a child with chronic pancreatitis, Acta Paediatr Jpn, 35, 151, 10.1111/j.1442-200X.1993.tb03028.x Lamireau, 1998, Oxygen saturation during esophagogastroduodenoscopy in children: General anesthesia versus intravenous sedation, J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, 27, 172, 10.1097/00005176-199808000-00008 Launay, 1996, Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in children: Influence on gastroesophageal reflux, Pediatrics, 97, 726, 10.1542/peds.97.5.726 Liacouras, 1998, Placebo-controlled trial assessing the use of oral midazolam as a premedication to conscious sedation for pediatric endoscopy, Gastrointest Endosc, 47, 455, 10.1016/S0016-5107(98)70244-5 Liebman, 1977, Fiberoptic endoscopy of the gastrointestinal tract in infants and children. I. Upper endoscopy in 53 children, Am J Gastroenterol, 68, 362 Liebman, 1978, Endoscopic evaluation of gastrointestinal bleeding in the newborn, Am J Gastroenterol, 69, 697 Lipson, 1996, Intramural duodenal hematoma after endoscopic biopsy in leukemic patients, Gastrointest Endosc, 44, 620, 10.1016/S0016-5107(96)70024-X Livstone, 1974, Diastatic serosal lacerations: An unrecognized complication of colonoscopy, Gastroenterology, 76, 1245, 10.1016/S0016-5085(19)32712-X Mahajan, 1997, The safety of gastrostomy in patients with Crohn’s disease, Am J Gastroenterol, 92, 985 Mahajan, 1998, The effects of a psychological preparation program on anxiety in children and adolescents undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy, J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, 27, 161, 10.1097/00005176-199808000-00006 Maxwell, 1996, The myth of conscious sedation, Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, 150, 665, 10.1001/archpedi.1996.02170320011001 Murphy, 1997, Sedation for invasive procedures in paediatrics, Arch Dis Child, 77, 281, 10.1136/adc.77.4.281 Murray, 1996, Endoscopic band ligation of a Dieulafoy lesion in the small intestine of a child, Gastrointest Endosc, 44, 336, 10.1016/S0016-5107(96)70176-1 Ogawa, 1996, Successful endoscopic balloon dilatation for hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, J Pediatr Surg, 31, 1712, 10.1016/S0022-3468(96)90059-7 Ohnuma, 1997, Endoscopic variceal ligation using a clipping apparatus in children with portal hypertension, Endoscopy, 29, 86, 10.1055/s-2007-1004081 Price, 1996, Management of esophageal varices in children by endoscopic variceal ligation, J Pediatr Surg, 31, 1056, 10.1016/S0022-3468(96)90086-X Ramakrishna, 1997, Duodenal hematoma as a complication of endoscopic biopsy in pediatric bone marrow tranplant recipients, J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, 25, 426, 10.1097/00005176-199710000-00012 Robertson, 1996, Modification of the “push” technique for percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in infants and children, J Am Coll Surg, 182, 215 Roseau, 1998, Endoscopic ultrasonography in the evaluation of pediatric digestive diseases: Preliminary results, Endoscopy, 30, 477, 10.1055/s-2007-1001311 Shah, 1993, Endoscopic balloon dilation of esophageal strictures in children, Gastrointest Endosc, 39, 153, 10.1016/S0016-5107(93)70055-3 Shannon, 1997, Safety and efficacy of flumazenil in the reversal of benzodiazepine-induced conscious sedation, J Pediatr, 131, 582, 10.1016/S0022-3476(97)70066-0 Sigurdsson, 1998, Anatomic variability of rejection in intestinal allografts after pediatric intestinal transplantation, J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, 27, 403, 10.1097/00005176-199810000-00007 Squires, 1995, Efficacy, safety and cost of intravenous sedation versus general anesthesia in children undergoing endoscopic procedures, Gastrointest Endosc, 41, 99, 10.1016/S0016-5107(05)80589-9 Tam, 1991, Endoscopy-guided balloon dilatation of esophageal strictures and anastomotic strictures after esophageal replacement in children, J Pediatr Surg, 26, 1101, 10.1016/0022-3468(91)90682-J Tolia, 1990, Randomized, double-blind trial of midazolam and diazepam for endoscopic sedation in children, Developmental Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 14, 141, 10.1159/000480912 Trautwein, 1996, Bowel preparation before colonoscopy in the pediatric patient: A randomized study, Gastroenterology Nursing, 19, 137, 10.1097/00001610-199607000-00004 Turck, 1990, Intraoperative endoscopic diagnosis of heterotopic gastric mucosa in the ileum causing recurrent acute intussusception, J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, 11, 275, 10.1097/00005176-199008000-00019 Walco, 1994, Pain, hurt, and harm. The ethics of pain control in infants and children, N Engl J Med, 331, 541, 10.1056/NEJM199408253310812 Werlin, 1994, Early feeding after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy is safe in children, Gastrointest Endosc, 40, 692, 10.1016/S0016-5107(94)70111-3 White, 1988, Propofol: Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, Seminars in Anesthesia, 7, 4 Wyllie, 1994, Colonoscopy and therapeutic intervention in infants and children, Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am, 4, 143, 10.1016/S1052-5157(18)30525-7