Mô hình nỗi đau thân thể ở những người displaced nội bộ tại Ukraine: phân tích khảo sát cắt ngang

Social psychiatry - Tập 54 - Trang 1265-1274 - 2019
Anson Cheung1, Nino Makhashvili2, Jana Javakhishvili3,2, Andrey Karachevsky4, Natalia Kharchenko5, Marina Shpiker5, Bayard Roberts1
1Centre for Global Chronic Conditions, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
2Global Initiative on Psychiatry, Tbilisi, Georgia
3Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
4Shayk National Medical Academy, Kiev, Ukraine
5Kiev International Institute of Sociology, Kiev, Ukraine

Tóm tắt

Trong các cuộc khủng hoảng nhân đạo, tỷ lệ rối loạn tâm thần thường cao ở các quốc gia có thu nhập thấp và trung bình, nhưng tỷ lệ nỗi đau thân thể (SD) vẫn chưa được ghi nhận đầy đủ trong các nghiên cứu dịch vụ y tế hiện có. Mục tiêu của chúng tôi là khám phá các mô hình của SD ở những người displaced nội bộ (IDP) tại Ukraine, những người đã bị buộc phải rời bỏ nơi ở do cuộc xung đột đang diễn ra ở khu vực phía đông của đất nước. Thiết kế nghiên cứu là một khảo sát cắt ngang với 2203 IDP trưởng thành trên toàn Ukraine. Khảo sát thu thập dữ liệu về các đặc điểm xã hội - nhân khẩu học, sự kiện cuộc sống chấn thương (Danh sách kiểm tra sự kiện cuộc sống), việc sử dụng dịch vụ chăm sóc sức khỏe tâm thần, và kết quả tự báo cáo về SD (Bảng câu hỏi sức khỏe bệnh nhân 15), lo âu (Rối loạn lo âu tổng quát 7), trầm cảm (Bảng câu hỏi sức khỏe bệnh nhân 9), và stress sau chấn thương (Danh sách kiểm tra PTSD). Phân tích mô tả và hồi quy đa biến đã được sử dụng. Hơn một nửa số người trả lời (n = 1142, 55%) được xác định có nguy cơ SD (điểm PHQ-15 ≥ 6), và tỷ lệ có nguy cơ SD vừa phải (n = 377, 18%) và nguy cơ SD nặng (n = 275, 13%) là đáng kể. Có mối liên hệ có ý nghĩa (p < 0,05) giữa SD và tuổi tác, giới tính nữ, tình trạng kinh tế, trầm cảm tự báo cáo và stress sau chấn thương, cùng với nhiều trải nghiệm chấn thương. Có nguy cơ SD cũng liên quan đáng kể đến sự gia tăng khuyết tật chức năng. Việc sử dụng dịch vụ chăm sóc sức khỏe tâm thần thấp trong dân số này và chỉ có nguy cơ SD cao dường như là một dự đoán đáng tin cậy về hành vi tìm kiếm chăm sóc. Có một rủi ro đáng kể về SD ở IDP tại Ukraine. Kết quả của chúng tôi thể hiện nhu cầu nghiên cứu dịch vụ y tế có mục tiêu và chương trình khu vực để đảm bảo rằng các nhu cầu sức khỏe tâm thần được đáp ứng một cách thích hợp.

Từ khóa

#rối loạn tâm thần #người displaced nội bộ #nỗi đau thân thể #Ukraine #dịch vụ chăm sóc sức khỏe tâm thần

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