Pathogenese und Diagnostik von AA-Amyloidosen

Watson G, See CG, Woo P (1994) Use of somatic cell hybrids and fluorescence in situ hybridization to localize the functional serum amyloid A (SAA) genes to chromosome 11p15.4-p15.1 and the entire SAA superfamily to chromosome 11p15. Genomics 23: 694–696 Gabay C, Kushner I (1999) Acute-phase proteins and other systemic responses to inflammation. N Engl J Med 340: 448–454 Shah C, Hari-Dass R, Raynes JG (2006) Serum amyloid A is an innate immune opsonin for Gram-negative bacteria. Blood 108: 1751–1757 Rocken C, Shakespeare A (2002) Pathology, diagnosis and pathogenesis of AA amyloidosis. Virchows Arch 440: 111–122 Okuda Y, Takasugi K (2006) Successful use of a humanized anti-interleukin-6 receptor antibody, tocilizumab, to treat amyloid A amyloidosis complicating juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 54: 2997–3000 Moriguchi M, Terai C, Koseki Y et al. (1999) Influence of genotypes at SAA1 and SAA2 loci on the development and the length of latent period of secondary AA-amyloidosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Hum Genet 105: 360–366 Wang L, Liepnieks JJ, Benson MD, Kluve-Beckerman B (2000) Expression of SAA and amyloidogenesis in congenic mice of CE/J and C57BL/6 strains. Amyloid 7: 26–31 Khurana R, Gillespie JR, Talapatra A et al. (2001) Partially folded intermediates as critical precursors of light chain amyloid fibrils and amorphous aggregates. Biochemistry 40: 3525–3535 Merlini G, Bellotti V (2003) Molecular mechanisms of amyloidosis. N Engl J Med 349: 583–596 Shirahama T, Miura K, Ju ST et al. (1990) Amyloid enhancing factor-loaded macrophages in amyloid fibril formation. Lab Invest 62: 61–68 Lundmark K, Westermark GT, Nystrom S et al. (2002) Transmissibility of systemic amyloidosis by a prion-like mechanism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99: 6979–6984 Lundmark K, Westermark GT, Olsen A, Westermark P (2005) Protein fibrils in nature can enhance amyloid protein A amyloidosis in mice: cross-seeding as a disease mechanism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102: 6098–6102 Botto M, Hawkins PN, Bickerstaff MC et al. (1997) Amyloid deposition is delayed in mice with targeted deletion of the serum amyloid P component gene. Nat Med 3: 855–859 Tennent GA, Lovat LB, Pepys MB (1995) Serum amyloid P component prevents proteolysis of the amyloid fibrils of Alzheimer disease and systemic amyloidosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 92: 4299–4303 Rocken C, Stix B, Bromme D et al. (2001) A putative role for cathepsin K in degradation of AA and AL amyloidosis. Am J Pathol 158: 1029–1038 Yan SD, Zhu H, Zhu A et al. (2000) Receptor-dependent cell stress and amyloid accumulation in systemic amyloidosis. Nat Med 6: 643–651 Elimova E, Kisilevsky R, Szarek WA, Ancsin JB (2004) Amyloidogenesis recapitulated in cell culture: a peptide inhibitor provides direct evidence for the role of heparan sulfate and suggests a new treatment strategy. FASEB J 18: 1749–1751 Hilst JC van der, Kluve-Beckerman B, Bodar EJ et al. (2008) Lovastatin inhibits formation of AA amyloid. J Leukoc Biol Lachmann HJ, Goodman HJ, Gilbertson JA et al. (2007) Natural history and outcome in systemic AA amyloidosis. N Engl J Med 356: 2361–2371 Gameren II van, Hazenberg BP, Bijzet J, Rijswijk MH van (2006) Diagnostic accuracy of subcutaneous abdominal fat tissue aspiration for detecting systemic amyloidosis and its utility in clinical practice. Arthritis Rheum 54: 2015–2021 Gillmore JD, Lovat LB, Persey MR et al. (2001) Amyloid load and clinical outcome in AA amyloidosis in relation to circulating concentration of serum amyloid A protein. Lancet 358: 24–29 Joss N, McLaughlin K, Simpson K, Boulton-Jones JM (2000) Presentation, survival and prognostic markers in AA amyloidosis. QJM 93: 535–542 Bergesio F, Ciciani AM, Manganaro M et al. (2008) Renal involvement in systemic amyloidosis: an Italian collaborative study on survival and renal outcome. Nephrol Dial Transplant 23: 941–951 Verine J, Mourad N, Desseaux K et al. (2007) Clinical and histological characteristics of renal AA amyloidosis: a retrospective study of 68 cases with a special interest to amyloid-associated inflammatory response. Hum Pathol 38: 1798–1809