Pain and Depression: A Systematic Review

Harvard Review of Psychiatry - Tập 26 Số 6 - Trang 352-363 - 2018
Waguih William IsHak1,2,3,4,5, Raymond Y. Wen1,2,3,4,5, Lancer Naghdechi1,2,3,4,5, Brigitte Vanle1,2,3,4,5, Jonathan Dang1,2,3,4,5, Michelle Knosp1,2,3,4,5, Julieta Dascal1,2,3,4,5, Lobsang Marcia1,2,3,4,5, Yasmine Gohar1,2,3,4,5, Lidia Eskander1,2,3,4,5, Justin Yadegar1,2,3,4,5, Sophia Hanna1,2,3,4,5, Antonious Sadek1,2,3,4,5, Leslie Aguilar-Hernandez1,2,3,4,5, Itai Danovitch1,2,3,4,5, Charles Louy1,2,3,4,5
1Gohar)
2Hanna).
3Knosp)
4Naghdechi)
5Sadek

Tóm tắt

Abstract Background Pain comorbid with depression is frequently encountered in clinical settings and often leads to significant impaired functioning. Given the complexity of comorbidities, it is important to address both pain and depressive symptoms when evaluating treatment options. Aim To review studies addressing pain comorbid with depression, and to report the impact of current treatments. Method A systematic search of the literature databases was conducted according to predefined criteria. Two authors independently conducted a focused analysis of the full-text articles and reached a consensus on 28 articles to be included in this review. Results Overall, studies suggested that pain and depression are highly intertwined and may co-exacerbate physical and psychological symptoms. These symptoms could lead to poor physical functional outcomes and longer duration of symptoms. An important biochemical basis for pain and depression focuses on serotonergic and norepinephrine systems, which is evident in the pain-ameliorating properties of serotonergic and norepinephrine antidepressants. Alternative pharmacotherapies such as ketamine and cannabinoids appear to be safe and effective options for improving depressive symptoms and ameliorating pain. In addition, cognitive-behavioral therapy may be a promising tool in the management of chronic pain and depression. Conclusion The majority of the literature indicates that patients with pain and depression experience reduced physical, mental, and social functioning as opposed to patients with only depression or only pain. In addition, ketamine, psychotropic, and cognitive-behavioral therapies present promising options for treating both pain and depression.

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