Oxygen-doped carbon nitride aerogel: A self-supported photocatalyst for solar-to-chemical energy conversion

Applied Catalysis B: Environmental - Tập 236 - Trang 428-435 - 2018
Wenjun Jiang1, Qiushi Ruan2, Jijia Xie2, Xianjie Chen1, Yongfa Zhu1, Junwang Tang2
1Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
2Solar Energy & Advanced Materials Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, UCL, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, UK

Tài liệu tham khảo

Wang, 2016, Scalable water splitting on particulate photocatalyst sheets with a solar-to-hydrogen energy conversion efficiency exceeding 1%, Nat. Mater., 15, 611, 10.1038/nmat4589 Qiu, 2014, Mesoporous TiO2 nanocrystals grown in situ on graphene aerogels for high photocatalysis and lithium-ion batteries, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 136, 5852, 10.1021/ja500873u Xu, 2016, Unraveling a single-step simultaneous two-electron transfer process from semiconductor to molecular catalyst in a CoPy/CdS hybrid system for photocatalytic H2 evolution under strong alkaline conditions, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 138, 10726, 10.1021/jacs.6b04080 Sakimoto, 2016, Self-photosensitization of nonphotosynthetic bacteria for solar-to-chemical production, Science, 351, 74, 10.1126/science.aad3317 Hirakawa, 2017, Photocatalytic conversion of nitrogen to ammonia with water on surface oxygen vacancies of titanium dioxide, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 139, 10929, 10.1021/jacs.7b06634 Li, 2015, CdS/Graphene nanocomposite photocatalysts, Adv. Energy Mater., 5, 1500010, 10.1002/aenm.201500010 Zhou, 2016, Graphene modified mesoporous titania single crystals with controlled and selective photoredox surfaces, Chem. Commun., 52, 1689, 10.1039/C5CC07567J Mori, 2016, Ru and Ru–Ni nanoparticles on TiO2 support as extremely active catalysts for hydrogen production from ammonia–borane, ACS Catal., 6, 3128, 10.1021/acscatal.6b00715 Wu, 2015, Plasmon-induced photoelectrocatalytic activity of Au nanoparticles enhanced TiO2 nanotube arrays electrodes for environmental remediation, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 164, 217, 10.1016/j.apcatb.2014.09.029 Deng, 2017, An advanced TiO2/Fe2TiO5/Fe2O3 triple-heterojunction with enhanced and stable visible-light-driven fenton reaction for the removal of organic pollutants, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 211, 157, 10.1016/j.apcatb.2017.04.037 Zhang, 2016, Conjugated polymers: catalysts for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 55, 15712, 10.1002/anie.201607375 Rahman, 2017, Quantum yield for water photoreduction on amorphous carbon nitride, Adv. Funct. Mater., 27, 1702384, 10.1002/adfm.201702384 Woods, 2017, A solution-processable polymer photocatalyst for hydrogen evolution from water, Adv. Energy Mater., 7, 1700479, 10.1002/aenm.201700479 Godin, 2017, Time-resolved spectroscopic investigation of charge trapping in carbon nitrides photocatalysts for hydrogen generation, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 139, 5216, 10.1021/jacs.7b01547 Lau, 2017, Dark photocatalysis: storage of solar energy in carbon nitride for time-delayed hydrogen generation, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 56, 510, 10.1002/anie.201608553 Liu, 2016, Carbon nitride supramolecular hybrid material enabled high-efficiency photocatalytic water treatments, Nano Lett., 16, 6568, 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b03229 Yang, 2017, A facile steam reforming strategy to delaminate layered carbon nitride semiconductors for photoredox catalysis, Angew. Chem., 129, 4050, 10.1002/ange.201700286 Zhu, 2017, Metal-free photocatalyst for H2 evolution in visible to near-infrared region: black phosphorus/graphitic carbon nitride, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 139, 13234, 10.1021/jacs.7b08416 Che, 2017, Fast photoelectron transfer in (Cring)-C3N4 plane heterostructural nanosheets for overall water splitting, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 139, 3021, 10.1021/jacs.6b11878 Zhao, 2017, Covalent combination of polyoxometalate and graphitic carbon nitride for light-driven hydrogen peroxide production, Nano Energy, 35, 405, 10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.04.017 Wang, 2017, Conjugated microporous polymer nanosheets for overall water splitting using visible light, Adv. Mater., 29, 1702428, 10.1002/adma.201702428 Kuhn, 2008, Porous, covalent triazine-based frameworks prepared by ionothermal synthesis, Angew. Chem., 47, 3450, 10.1002/anie.200705710 Schwinghammer, 2015, Phenyl-triazine oligomers for light-driven hydrogen evolution, Energy Environ. Sci., 8, 3345, 10.1039/C5EE02574E Ghosh, 2015, Conducting polymer nanostructures for photocatalysis under visible light, Nat. Mater., 14, 505, 10.1038/nmat4220 Fu, 2018, g-C3N4-based heterostructured photocatalysts, Adv. Energy Mater., 8, 1701503, 10.1002/aenm.201701503 Liu, 2015, Nature-inspired environmental “Phosphorylation” boosts photocatalytic H2 production over carbon nitride nanosheets under visible‐light irradiation, Angew. Chem., 127, 13765, 10.1002/ange.201505802 Yu, 2017, Alkali-assisted synthesis of nitrogen deficient graphitic carbon nitride with tunable band structures for efficient visible-light-driven hydrogen evolution, Adv. Mater., 29, 1605148, 10.1002/adma.201605148 Guo, 2016, Phosphorus-doped carbon nitride tubes with a layered micro‐nanostructure for enhanced visible‐light photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, Angew Chem. Int. Ed., 55, 1830, 10.1002/anie.201508505 Wang, 2017, Linker-controlled polymeric photocatalyst for highly efficient hydrogen evolution from Water, Energy Environ. Sci., 10, 1643, 10.1039/C7EE01109A Wang, 2015, Sulfur-doped g-C3N4 with enhanced photocatalytic CO2-reduction performance, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 176, 44, 10.1016/j.apcatb.2015.03.045 Xu, 2015, Supramolecular chemistry in molten sulfur: preorganization effects leading to marked enhancement of carbon nitride photoelectrochemistry, Adv. Funct. Mater., 25, 6265, 10.1002/adfm.201502843 Liu, 2017, Carbon nitride coupled Ti-SBA15 catalyst for visible-light-driven photocatalytic reduction of Cr (VI) and the synergistic oxidation of phenol, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 201, 1, 10.1016/j.apcatb.2016.08.001 Wu, 2017, Palladium nanoparticles supported on titanium-doped graphitic carbon nitride for formic acid dehydrogenation, Chem.-Asian J., 12, 860, 10.1002/asia.201700041 Lin, 2013, Nanostructure engineering and doping of conjugated carbon nitride semiconductors for hydrogen photosynthesis, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 52, 1735, 10.1002/anie.201209017 Wang, 2009, Metal-containing carbon nitride compounds: a new functional organic-metal hybrid material, Adv. Mater., 21, 1609, 10.1002/adma.200802627 Lau, 2016, Rational design of carbon nitride photocatalysts by identification of cyanamide defects as catalytically relevant sites, Nat. Commun., 7, 12165, 10.1038/ncomms12165 Niu, 2018, Distinctive defects engineering in graphitic carbon nitride for greatly extended visible light photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, Nano Energy, 44, 73, 10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.11.059 Zhu, 2018, Z-scheme photocatalytic water splitting on a 2D heterostructure of Black Phosphorus/Bismuth vanadate using visible light, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 57, 2160, 10.1002/anie.201711357 Jin, 2014, Complete oxidation of acetaldehyde over a composite photocatalyst of graphitic carbon nitride and tungsten (VI) oxide under visible-light irradiation, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 150, 479, 10.1016/j.apcatb.2013.12.048 Zhang, 2012, A facile band alignment of polymeric carbon nitride semiconductors to construct isotype heterojunctions, Angew. Chem., 124, 10292, 10.1002/ange.201205333 Fan, 2016, Constructing carbon-nitride-based copolymers via Schiff base chemistry for visible-light photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 182, 68, 10.1016/j.apcatb.2015.09.006 Zhang, 2010, Synthesis of a carbon nitride structure for visible-light catalysis by copolymerization, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 49, 441, 10.1002/anie.200903886 Zhang, 2012, Co-monomer control of carbon nitride semiconductors to optimize hydrogen evolution with visible light, Angew. Chem., 124, 3237, 10.1002/ange.201106656 Yu, 2018, Surface engineering for extremely enhanced charge separation and photocatalytic hydrogen evolution on g-C3N4, Adv. Mater., 30, 1705060, 10.1002/adma.201705060 Kasap, 2016, Solar-driven reduction of aqueous protons coupled to selective alcohol oxidation with a carbon nitride-molecular Ni catalyst system, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 138, 9183, 10.1021/jacs.6b04325 Jiang, 2017, Three-dimensional photocatalysts with a network structure, J. Mater. Chem. A, 5, 5661, 10.1039/C7TA00398F Jiang, 2016, Enhancement of catalytic activity and oxidative ability for graphitic carbon nitride, J. Photoch Photobio C, 28, 87, 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2016.06.001 Zhou, 2016, Recent developments of carbon-based electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction, Nano Energy, 28, 29, 10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.08.027 Talapaneni, 2017, Chemical blowing approach for ultramicroporous carbon nitride frameworks and their applications in gas and energy storage, Adv. Funct. Mater., 27, 10.1002/adfm.201604658 Shi, 2015, Electrostatic self‐assembly of nanosized carbon nitride nanosheet onto a zirconium metal-organic framework for enhanced photocatalytic CO2 reduction, Adv. Funct. Mater., 25, 5360, 10.1002/adfm.201502253 Sun, 2012, Bioinspired hollow semiconductor nanospheres as photosynthetic nanoparticles, Nat. Commun., 3, 1139, 10.1038/ncomms2152 Zheng, 2014, Helical graphitic carbon nitrides with photocatalytic and optical activities, Angew. Chem., 126, 12120, 10.1002/ange.201407319 Hu, 2018, Facile and template-free fabrication of mesoporous 3D nanosphere-like MnxCo3-xO4 as highly effective catalysts for low temperature SCR of NOx with NH3, J. Mater. Chem. A, 6, 2952, 10.1039/C7TA08000J Zhang, 2016, Photodegradation of phenol via C3N4-agar hybrid hydrogel 3D photocatalysts with free separation, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 183, 263, 10.1016/j.apcatb.2015.10.049 Hou, 2016, Strongly coupled ternary hybrid aerogels of n-deficient porous graphitic-C3N4 nanosheets/N-doped graphene/NiFe-layered double hydroxide for solar-driven photoelectrochemical water oxidation, Nano Lett., 16, 2268, 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b04496 Liu, 2017, Carbon nitride nanosheets as visible light photocatalytic initiators and crosslinkers for hydrogels with thermoresponsive turbidity, J. Mater. Chem. A, 5, 8933, 10.1039/C7TA02923C Yan, 2017, Reversible formation of g‐C3N4 3D hydrogels through ionic liquid activation: gelation behavior and room-temperature gas‐sensing properties, Adv. Funct. Mater., 27, 1700653, 10.1002/adfm.201700653 Jiang, 2016, Polyaniline/carbon nitride nanosheets composite hydrogel: a separation-Free and high‐efficient photocatalyst with 3D hierarchical structure, Small, 12, 4370, 10.1002/smll.201601546 Ou, 2017, Carbon nitride aerogels for the photoredox conversion of water, Angew. Chem., 56, 10905, 10.1002/anie.201705926 Zhang, 2012, Polycondensation of thiourea into carbon nitride semiconductors as visible light photocatalysts, J. Mater. Chem., 22, 8083, 10.1039/c2jm00097k Zhang, 2017, Optimizing optical absorption, exciton dissociation, and charge transfer of a polymeric carbon nitride with ultrahigh solar hydrogen production activity, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 56, 13445, 10.1002/anie.201706870 Cui, 2016, Phenyl-modified carbon nitride quantum dots with distinct photoluminescence behavior, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 55, 3672, 10.1002/anie.201511217 Song, 2016, Invisible security ink based on water‐soluble graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots, Angew Chem. Int. Ed., 55, 2773, 10.1002/anie.201510945 Xia, 2017, Ultra-thin nanosheet assemblies of graphitic carbon nitride for enhanced photocatalytic CO2 reduction, J. Mater. Chem. A, 5, 3230, 10.1039/C6TA08310B Zhang, 2016, Overall water splitting by Pt/g-C3N4 photocatalysts without using sacrificial agents, Chem. Sci., 7, 3062, 10.1039/C5SC04572J Jun, 2013, From melamine-cyanuric acid supramolecular aggregates to carbon nitride hollow spheres, Adv. Funct. Mater., 23, 3661, 10.1002/adfm.201203732 Tong, 2012, Nano-photocatalytic materials: possibilities and challenges, Adv. Mater., 24, 229, 10.1002/adma.201102752 Fang, 2016, “Dyed” graphitic carbon nitride with greatly extended visible-light-responsive range for hydrogen evolution, J. Catal., 339, 93, 10.1016/j.jcat.2016.03.021 Kang, 2016, Selective breaking of hydrogen bonds of layered carbon nitride for visible light photocatalysis, Adv. Mater., 28, 6471, 10.1002/adma.201601567 Chen, 2017, Molecular design of polymer heterojunctions for efficient solar-hydrogen conversion, Adv. Mater., 29, 1606198, 10.1002/adma.201606198 Pan, 2012, Dramatic activity of C3N4/BiPO4 photocatalyst with Core/Shell structure formed by self‐assembly, Adv. Funct. Mater., 22, 1518, 10.1002/adfm.201102306 Su, 2011, Nanostructured WO3/BiVO4 heterojunction films for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting, Nano Lett., 11, 1928, 10.1021/nl2000743 Ruan, 2017, A nanojunction polymer photoelectrode for efficient charge transport and separation, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 56, 8221, 10.1002/anie.201703372 Tian, 2017, Precursor-reforming protocol to 3D mesoporous g-C3N4 established by ultrathin self-doped nanosheets for superior hydrogen evolution, Nano Energy, 38, 72, 10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.05.038 Ou, 2017, Tri-s-triazine-based crystalline carbon nitride nanosheets for an improved hydrogen evolution, Adv. Mater., 29, 1700008, 10.1002/adma.201700008