Overview of Australian and New Zealand harmful algal species occurrences and their societal impacts in the period 1985 to 2018, including a compilation of historic records

Adolf, 2015, Ichthyotoxic Karlodinium veneficum (Ballantine) J Larsen in the Upper Swan River Estuary (Western Australia): Ecological conditions leading to a fish kill, Harmful Algae, 48, 83, 10.1016/j.hal.2015.07.006 Ajani, 2001, Historic overview of algal blooms in marine and estuarine waters of New South Wales, Australia, Proc .Linn. Soc. NSW, 123, 1 Ajani, 2017, Recent trends in marine phycotoxins from Australian coastal waters, Marine Drugs, 15, 33, 10.3390/md15020033 Ajani, 2020, Fifteen years of Pseudo-nitzschia in an Australian estuary, including the first potentially toxic P. delicatissima bloom in the southern hemisphere, Estuarine Coastal Shelf Sci., 236, 10.1016/j.ecss.2020.106651 Ajani, 2013, First reports of Pseudo-nitzschia micropora and P.hasleana (Bacillariaceae) from the Southern Hemisphere: Morphological, molecular and toxicological characterization, Phycolog. Res., 61, 237, 10.1111/pre.12020 Ajani, 2013, The diatom genus Pseudo‐nitzschia (Bacillariophyceae) in New South Wales, Australia: morphotaxonomy, molecular phylogeny, toxicity, and distribution, J. Phycol., 49, 765, 10.1111/jpy.12087 Ajani, 2016, The first report of the potentially harmful diatom Pseudo-nitzschia caciantha from Australian coastal waters, Phycolog. Res., 64, 312, 10.1111/pre.12142 Anderson, 1776, vol.6, 544 Baas Becking, 1951, Notes on some Cyanophyceae of the Pacific region, Proceedings Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Series C, 54, 213 Bennett, 1860 Bolch, 2007, A review of the molecular evidence for ballast water introduction of the toxic dinoflagellates Gymnodinium catenatum and the Alexandrium “tamarensis complex” to Australasia, Harmful Algae, 6, 465, 10.1016/j.hal.2006.12.008 Burgess, 2001, Pectenotoxins-an issue for public health: A review of their comparative toxicology and metabolism, Environ. Int., 27, 275, 10.1016/S0160-4120(01)00058-7 Capper, 2005, The fate of Lyngbya majuscula toxins in three potential consumers, J. Chem. Ecol., 31, 1595, 10.1007/s10886-005-5800-5 Chang, 1983, The mucilage-producing Phaeocystis pouchetii (Prymnesiophyceae), cultured from the 1981 “Tasman Bay slime”, New Zealand J. Marine Freshw. Res., 17, 165, 10.1080/00288330.1983.9515994 Chang, 1996, Shellfish toxin update, Seafood New New Zealand, 96, 26 Chang, 1999, Gymnodinium brevisulcatum sp.nov. (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae), a new species isolated from the 1998 summer toxic bloom in Wellington Harbour, New Zealand, Phycologia, 38, 377, 10.2216/i0031-8884-38-5-377.1 Chang, 1990, First record of a Heterosigma (Raphidophyceae) bloom with associated mortality of cage-reared salmon in Big Glory Bay, New Zealand, New Zealand J. Marine Freshwater Res., 24, 461, 10.1080/00288330.1990.9516437 Condie, 2019, Environmental drivers of unprecedented Alexandrium catenella dinoflagellate blooms off eastern Tasmania, 2012–2018, Harmful Algae, 87, 10.1016/j.hal.2019.101628 Cribb, 1969, Sea Sawdust, Queensland Naturalist, 19, 115 Dennison, 1999, Blooms of the cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula in coastal waters of Queensland, 632 de Salas, 2004, Karenia umbella sp. nov. (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae), a new, potentially ichthyotoxic dinoflagellate species from Tasmania, Australia, Phycologia, 43, 166, 10.2216/i0031-8884-43-2-166.1 de Salas, 2003, Takayama (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae) gen. nov., a new genus of unarmoured dinoflagellates with sigmoid apical grooves, including the description of two new species, J. Phycol., 39, 1233, 10.1111/j.0022-3646.2003.03-019.x de Salas, 2005, Karlodinium australe sp. nov. (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae), a new potentially ichthyotoxic unarmoured dinoflagellate from lagoonal habitats of south-eastern Australia, Phycologia, 44, 640, 10.2216/0031-8884(2005)44[640:KASNGD]2.0.CO;2 Dias, 2015, Biosecurity monitoring of harmful algal bloom species in Western Australian waters: first confirmed record of Alexandrium catenella (Dinophyceae), BioInvasions Records, 4, 233, 10.3391/bir.2015.4.4.01 Edwards, 2018, An outbreak of Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning in Tasmania, Commun. Diseases Intell., 42 Falconer, 1992, Toxicity of edible mussels (Mytilus edulis) growing naturally in an estuary during a water bloom of the blue-green alga Nodularia spumigena, Environmental Toxicology Water Quality, 7, 119, 10.1002/tox.2530070203 Farrell, 2018, Diarrhetic Shellfish Toxin monitoring in commercial wild harvest bivalve shellfish in New South Wales, Australia, Toxins, 10, 446, 10.3390/toxins10110446 Farrell, 2013, Distribution of the genus Alexandrium (Halim) and paralytic shellfish toxins along the coastline of New South Wales, Australia. Marine Pollut. Bull., 72, 133, 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.04.009 Farrell, 2016, Clinical diagnosis and chemical confirmation of ciguatera fish poisoning in New South Wales, Australia, Commun. Disease Intell., 40, E1 Francis, 1878, Poisonous Australian Lake, Nature, 18, 11, 10.1038/018011d0 Hall, 1991 Hallegraeff, 1991, 111 Hallegraeff, 1994, Species of the diatom genus Pseudonitzschia in Australian waters, Botanica Marina, 37, 397, 10.1515/botm.1994.37.5.397 Hallegraeff, 2002, 136 Hallegraeff, 2015, 150 Hallegraeff, 2019, Prey preference, environmental tolerances and ichthyotoxicity by the red-tide dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans cultured from Tasmanian waters, J.Plankton Res., 41, 407, 10.1093/plankt/fbz037 Hallegraeff, 1991, Species of the toxigenic dinoflagellate genus Alexandrium in south-eastern Australian waters, Botanica Marina, 34, 575, 10.1515/botm.1991.34.6.575 Hallegraeff, 2012, Global toxicology, ecophysiology and population structure of the chainforming PST dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum, Harmful Algae, 14, 130, 10.1016/j.hal.2011.10.018 Hallegraeff, 2017, Review of progress in our understanding of fish-killing microalgae: implications for management and mitigation, 148 Hallegraeff, 2008, Recent range expansion of the red-tide dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans in Australian coastal waters, Harmful Algae News, 38, 10 Hallegraeff, 1998, Chattonella marina raphidophyte bloom associated with mortality of cultured bluefin tuna (Thunnus maccoyii) in South Australia, 93 Hallegraeff, 1988, Three estuarine Australian dinoflagellates that can produce paralytic shellfish toxins, J. Plankton Res., 10, 533, 10.1093/plankt/10.3.533 Hallegraeff, 1986, Toxic plankton blooms affect shellfish farms, Australian Fisheries, 45, 15 Hamilton, 2010, Human fatality associated with Pacific ciguatoxin contaminated fish, Toxicon, 56, 668, 10.1016/j.toxicon.2009.06.007 Hay, 2000 Haywood, 2004, Comparative morphology and molecular phylogenetic analysis of three new species of the genus Karenia (Dinophyceae) from New Zealand, J. Phycol., 40, 165, 10.1111/j.0022-3646.2004.02-149.x Holland, 2012, Novel toxins produced by the dinoflagellate Karenia brevisulcata, Harmful Algae, 13, 47, 10.1016/j.hal.2011.10.002 Holmes, 1988, Toxicity and morphology of Ostreopsis cf. siamensis cultured from a ciguatera endemic region of Queensland, Australia, 49 Holmes, 1991, Strain dependent production of ciguatoxin precursors (gambiertoxins) by Gambierdiscus toxicus (Dinophyceae) in culture, Toxicon, 29, 761, 10.1016/0041-0101(91)90068-3 Holmes, 1995, Cooliatoxin, the first toxin from Coolia monotis (Dinophyceae), Natural Toxins, 3, 355, 10.1002/nt.2620030506 Hurley, 1982, 11 Ishida, 2004, Comparative concentrations of brevetoxins PbTx-2, PbTx-3, BTX-B1, and BTX-B5 in cockle Austrovenus stuchburyi, Greenshell mussel, Perna canaliculus, and Pacific oyster, Crassostera gigas, involved in neurotoxic shellfish poisoning in New Zealand, Toxicon, 43, 779, 10.1016/j.toxicon.2004.03.007 Jaffrezic, 2020, Overview of New Zealand HAB species and HAEDAT Events, with a comparison to Australian events Jasperse, 1993, Proceedings of a workshop on research issues, June 1993, R. Soc. New Zealand, Misc. Ser., 24 John, 2014, Formal revision of the Alexandrium tamarense species complex (Dinophyceae) taxonomy: the introduction of five species with emphasis on molecular-based (rDNA) classification, Protist, 165, 779, 10.1016/j.protis.2014.10.001 Jones, 1994, Suffocation of pilchards (Sardinops sagax) by a green microalgal bloom in Wellington Harbour, New Zealand, New Zealand J. Marine Freshwat. Res., 28, 379, 10.1080/00288330.1994.9516627 Kohli, 2014, Abundance of the potentially ciguatera fish poisoning causing dinoflagellate Gambierdiscus carpenteri in temperate waters of New South Wales, Australia, Harmful Algae, 39, 134, 10.1016/j.hal.2014.07.007 Kretzschmar, 2017, Characterization of Gambierdiscus lapillus sp. nov. (Gonyaulacales, Dinophyceae): A new toxic dinoflagellate from the Great Barrier Reef (Australia), J. Phycol., 53, 283, 10.1111/jpy.12496 Kretzschmar, 2019, Characterisation of two toxic Gambierdiscus spp. (Gonyaulaces, Dinophyceae) from the Great Barrier Reef (Australia): G. lewisii sp. nov. and G. holmesii sp. nov, Protist, 170, 10.1016/j.protis.2019.125699 Lapworth, 2001, Identification of domoic-acid producing Pseudo-nitzschia species in Australian waters, 38 Larsson, 2018, Toxicology of Gambierdiscus spp. (Dinophyceae) from tropical and temperate Australian waters, Mar. Drugs 2, 16, 7, 10.3390/md16010007 Lefebvre, 2016, . Prevalence of Algal Toxins in Alaskan Marine Mammals Foraging in a Changing Arctic and Subarctic Environment, Harmful Algae, 55, 13, 10.1016/j.hal.2016.01.007 Le Messurier, 1935, A Survey of Mussels on a Portion of the Australian Coast, Med. J. Aust., 1, 490, 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1935.tb91510.x MacKenzie, 2014, The risk to New Zealand shellfish aquaculture from paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxins, New Zealand J. Marine Freshwater Res., 48, 430, 10.1080/00288330.2014.911191 MacKenzie, 2019, A long-term time series of Dinophysis acuminata blooms and associated shellfish toxin contamination in Port Underwood, Marlborough Sounds, New Zealand, Toxins, 11, 74, 10.3390/toxins11020074 MacKenzie, 2004, The dinoflagellate genus Alexandrium (Halim) in New Zealand coastal waters: comparative morphology, toxicity and molecular genetics, Harmful Algae, 3, 71, 10.1016/j.hal.2003.09.001 MacKenzie, 2005, Pectenotoxin and okadaic acid-based toxin profiles in Dinophysis acuta and Dinophysis acuminata from New Zealand, Harmful Algae, 4, 75, 10.1016/j.hal.2003.12.001 MacKenzie, 2002, Mass accumulation of mucilage caused by dinoflagellate polysaccharide exudates in Tasman Bay, New Zealand, Harmful Algae, 1, 69, 10.1016/S1568-9883(02)00006-9 Marshall, 2003, Ichthyotoxicity of Chattonella marina (Raphidophyceae) to damselfish (Acanthochromis polycanthus): the synergistic role of reactive oxygen species and free fatty acids, Harmful Algae, 2, 273, 10.1016/S1568-9883(03)00046-5 MacKenzie, 2011, Mortalities of sea-cage salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) due to a bloom of Pseudochattonella verruculosa (Dictyochophyceae) in Queen Charlotte Sound, New Zealand., Harmful Algae, 11, 45, 10.1016/j.hal.2011.07.003 MacLeod, 2012, Climate-driven range extension of the red-tide dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans into the Southern Ocean, J. Plankt. Res., 34, 322 McNabb, 2008 Murray, 2015, A fish kill associated with a bloom of Amphidinium carterae in a coastal lagoon in Sydney, Australia. Harmful Algae, 49, 19, 10.1016/j.hal.2015.08.003 Murray, 2018, Harmful algae introductions: vectors of transfer, mitigation and management, 493 Murray, 2014, Molecular phylogenetics and morphology of Gambierdiscus yasumotoi from tropical eastern Australia, Harmful Algae, 39, 242, 10.1016/j.hal.2014.08.003 Murray, 2019, 44-Methylgambierone, a new gambierone analogue isolated from Gambierdiscus australes, Tetrahed. Lett., 60, 621, 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.01.043 2017 Parry, 1989, Toxic effects of a bloom of the diatom Rhizosolenia chunii on shellfish in Port Phillip Bay, south eastern Australia, Marine Biology, 102, 25, 10.1007/BF00391320 Pearce, 2005, Histopathology in Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) spat caused by the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum rhathymum, Harmful Algae, 4, 61, 10.1016/j.hal.2003.11.002 Pearce, 2001, Toxic epiphytic dinoflagellates from East Coast Tasmania, 54 2014 Quaine, 1997, Outbreak of gastroenteritis linked to eating pipis, N. S. W. Pub. Health Bull., 8, 103 Rhodes, 2013, The genus Pseudo-nitzschia (Bacillariophyceae) in New Zealand: Analysis of the last decade's monitoring data, New Zealand J. Marine Freshw. Res., 47, 10.1080/00288330.2013.803489 Rhodes, 2000, Toxic marine epiphytic dinoflagellates , Ostreopsis siamensis and Coolia monotis (Dinophyceae), in New Zealand, New Zealand J. Marine Freshwater Res., 34, 371, 10.1080/00288330.2000.9516939 Rhodes, 2014, Production of ciguatoxin and maitotoxin by strains of Gambierdiscus australes, G. pacificus and G. polynesiensis (Dinophyceae) isolated from Rarotonga, Cook Islands, Harmful Algae, 39, 185, 10.1016/j.hal.2014.07.018 Rhodes, 2013, The genus Pseudo-nitzschia (Bacillariophyceae) in New Zealand: analysis of the last decade's monitoring data, New Zealand J. Marine Freshwater Res., 47, 490, 10.1080/00288330.2013.803489 Rhodes, 2006, Yessotoxin production by Gonyaulax spinifera, Harmful Algae, 5, 148, 10.1016/j.hal.2005.06.008 Rhodes, 1998, Pseudo‐nitzschia in New Zealand and the role of DNA probes and immunoassays in refining marine biotoxin monitoring programmes, Natural Toxins, 6, 105, 10.1002/(SICI)1522-7189(199805/08)6:3/4<105::AID-NT13>3.0.CO;2-9 Rhodes, 2017, The epiphytic genus Gambierdiscus (Dinophyceae) in the Kermadec Islands and Zealandia regions of the southwestern Pacific and the associated risk of ciguatera fish poisoning, Marine Drugs, 15, 10.3390/md15070219 Rhodes, 2011, Dinoflagellate Vulcanodinium rugosum identified as the causative organism of pinnatoxins in Australia, New Zealand and Japan, Phycologia, 50, 624, 10.2216/11-19.1 Rhodes, 2016, The Cawthron Institute Culture Collection of Microalgae: a significant national collection, New Zealand J. Marine Freshwater Res., 50, 291, 10.1080/00288330.2015.1116450 Rhodes, 1997, Coolia monotis (Dinophyceae): a toxic epiphytic microalgal species found in New Zealand, New Zealand J. Marine Freshwater Res., 31, 139, 10.1080/00288330.1997.9516751 Rhodes, 2002, Uptake of palytoxin-like compounds by shellfish fed Ostreopsis siamensis (Dinophyceae), New Zealand J. Marine Freshwater Res., 36, 631, 10.1080/00288330.2002.9517118 Rhodes, 1996, Pseudonitzschia species isolated from New Zealand coastal waters: Domoic acid production in vitro and links with shellfish toxicity, 155 Satake, 1997, Identification of Protoceratium reticulatum as the biogenetic origin of yessotoxin, Natural Toxins, 5, 164, 10.1002/19970504NT7 Seger, 2014, Exploration of PhoslockTM clay in mitigating Prymnesium parvum fish-killing algal blooms in aquaculture ponds, 231 Seki, 1995, Gymnodimine, a new marine toxin of unprecedented structure isolated from New Zealand oysters and the dinoflagellate, Gymnodinium sp, Tetrahedron Lett, 36, 7093, 10.1016/0040-4039(95)01434-J Shaw, 2019, Retrospective eDNA assessment of potentially harmful algae in historical ship ballast tank and marine port sediments, Mol. Ecol., 19, 2476, 10.1111/mec.15055 Shears, 2009, Blooms of benthic dinoflagellates of the genus Ostreopsis: an increasing and ecologically important phenomenon on temperate reefs in New Zealand and worldwide, Harmful Algae, 8, 916, 10.1016/j.hal.2009.05.003 Smith, 2016, Detection of Azadinium poporum in New Zealand: the use of molecular tools to assist with species isolations, J. Appl. Phycol., 28, 1125, 10.1007/s10811-015-0667-5 Taylor, 1985, A bloom of the planktonic diatom, Cerataulina pelagica, off the coast of Northeastern New Zealand in 1983, and its contribution to an associated mortality of fish and benthic fauna, Int. Revue Ges. Hydrobiol, 70, 773, 10.1002/iroh.19850700602 Tonge, 1967, Ciguatera Poisoning: A report of two outbreaks and a probable fatal case in Queensland, Med. J. Aust., 2, 1088, 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1967.tb27297.x Turnbull, 2013, Paralytic shellfish poisoning in South-Eastern Tasmania, Commun. Disease Intell., 37, 52 Verma, 2016, Molecular phylogeny, morphology and toxigenicity of Ostreopsis cf. siamensis (Dinophyceae) from temperate south-east Australia, Phycol. Res., 64, 146, 10.1111/pre.12128 Wallace, 2011 Washbourn, 1936 Whitelegge, 1891, On the recent discoloration of the waters of Port Jackson, Records Austral. Museum, 1, 179, 10.3853/j.0067-1975.1.1891.1253