Stewart WF, Van Rooyen JB, Cundiff GW, et al. Prevalence and burden of overactive bladder in the United States. World J Urol. 2003;20(6):327–36.
Milsom I, Abrams P, Cardozo L, Roberts RG, Thuroff J, Wein AJ. How widespread are the symptoms of an overactive bladder and how are they managed? A population-based prevalence study. BJU Int. 2001;87(9):760–6.
Gormley EA, Lightner DJ, Burgio KL, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of overactive bladder (non-neurogenic) in adults: AUA/SUFU guideline. J Urol. 2012;188(6 Suppl):2455–63.
Campbell NL, Boustani MA, Lane KA, et al. Use of anticholinergics and the risk of cognitive impairment in an African American population. Neurology. 2010;75(2):152–9.
Gray SL, Anderson ML, Dublin S, et al. Cumulative use of strong anticholinergics and incident dementia: a prospective cohort study. JAMA Intern Med. 2015;175(3):401–7.
Macdiarmid SA. Maximizing the treatment of overactive bladder in the elderly. Rev Urol. 2008;10(1):6–13.
Helfand BT, Evans RM, McVary KT. A comparison of the frequencies of medical therapies for overactive bladder in men and women: analysis of more than 7.2 million aging patients. Eur Urol. 2010;57(4):586–91.
Wagg A, Compion G, Fahey A, Siddiqui E. Persistence with prescribed antimuscarinic therapy for overactive bladder: a UK experience. BJU Int. 2012;110(11):1767–74.
Chancellor MB, Migliaccio-Walle K, Bramley TJ, Chaudhari SL, Corbell C, Globe D. Long-term patterns of use and treatment failure with anticholinergic agents for overactive bladder. Clin Ther. 2013;35(11):1744–51.
Pathak J, Kho AN, Denny JC. Electronic health records-driven phenotyping: challenges, recent advances, and perspectives. J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2013;20(e2):e206–11.
Liao KP, Cai T, Savova GK, et al. Development of phenotype algorithms using electronic medical records and incorporating natural language processing. BMJ. 2015;350:h1885.
Abrams P, Cardozo L, Wagg A, Wein A, editors. Incontinence, 6th ed. Bristol, UK: ICI-ICS. International Continence Society; 2017.
Tibshirani R. The lasso method for variable selection in the cox model. Stat Med. 1997;16(4):385–95.
Tibshirani R. Regression shrinkage and selection via the lasso. J R Statist Soc B. 1996;58(1):267–88.
Hanlon JT, Boudreau RM, Roumani YF, et al. Number and dosage of central nervous system medications on recurrent falls in community elders: the health, aging and body composition study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2009;64A(4):492–8.
Nitti VW, Rovner ES, Franks B, et al. Persistence with mirabegron versus tolterodine in patients with overactive bladder. Am J Pharm Benefits. 2016;8(2):e25–33.
Brostrøm S, Hallas J. Persistence of antimuscarinic drug use. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2009;65(3):309–14.
Linner L, Schioler H, Samuelsson E, Milsom I, Nilsson F. Low persistence of anticholinergic drug use in Sweden. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2011;67(5):535–6.
Moskowitz D, Adelstein SA, Lucioni A, Lee UJ, Kobashi KC. Use of third line therapy for overactive bladder in a practice with multiple subspecialty providers-are we doing enough? J Urol. 2018;199(3):779–84.
Sexton CC, Notte SM, Maroulis C, et al. Persistence and adherence in the treatment of overactive bladder syndrome with anticholinergic therapy: a systematic review of the literature. Int J Clin Pract. 2011;65(5):567–85.
Fischer MA, Stedman MR, Lii J, et al. Primary medication non-adherence: analysis of 195,930 electronic prescriptions. J Gen Intern Med. 2010;25(4):284–90.
Yehoshua A, Chancellor M, Vasavada S, et al. Health resource utilization and cost for patients with incontinent overactive bladder treated with anticholinergics. J Manag Care Spec Pharm. 2016;22(4):406–13.
Shaw C, Tansey R, Jackson C, Hyde C, Allan R. Barriers to help seeking in people with urinary symptoms. Fam Pract. 2001;18(1):48–52.
Dmochowski RR, Newman DK. Impact of overactive bladder on women in the United States: results of a national survey. Curr Med Res Opin. 2007;23(1):65–76.
Rosenberg MT, Witt ES, Barkin J, Miner M. A practical primary care approach to overactive bladder. Can J Urol. 2014;21(Suppl 2):2–11.
Coyne KS, Sexton CC, Kopp ZS, Ebel-Bitoun C, Milsom I, Chapple C. The impact of overactive bladder on mental health, work productivity and health-related quality of life in the UK and Sweden: results from EpiLUTS. BJU Int. 2011;108(9):1459–71.
Cheung WW, Blank W, Borawski D, Tran W, Bluth MH. Prevalence of overactive bladder, its under-diagnosis, and risk factors in a male urologic veterans population. Int J Med Sci. 2010;7(6):391–4.
Smith AL, Nissim HA, Le TX, et al. Misconceptions and miscommunication among aging women with overactive bladder symptoms. Urology. 2011;77(1):55–9.
Campbell NL, Perkins AJ, Bradt P, et al. Association of anticholinergic burden with cognitive impairment and health care utilization among a diverse ambulatory older adult population. Pharmacotherapy. 2016;36(11):1123–31.
Risacher SL, McDonald BC, Tallman EF, et al. Association between anticholinergic medication use and cognition, brain metabolism, and brain atrophy in cognitively normal older adults. JAMA Neurol. 2016;73(6):721–32.
Araklitis G, Thiagamoorthy G, Hunter J, Rantell A, Robinson D, Cardozo L. Anticholinergic prescription: are healthcare professionals the real burden? Int Urogynecol J. 2017;28(8):1249–56.
Espinosa R, Davis M, Johnson SJ, Walker D, Ng DB, Gooch K. Impact of individual diangosis codes on database estimates of overactive bladder. ISPOR 2017; May 20–24, 2017; Boston, MA USA.