Kết quả của các can thiệp sức khỏe tâm thần kỹ thuật số theo hướng dẫn tốt nhất cho thanh thiếu niên và người trẻ tuổi có triệu chứng khởi phát: Phần I. Một tổng quan hệ thống về các kết quả xã hội - cảm xúc và khuyến nghị

Jessica E. Opie, An Vuong, Emma J Welsh, Richard Gray, Natalie Pearce, Sonia Marchionda, Raewyn Mutch, Hanan Khalil

Tóm tắt

Tóm tắtCác can thiệp sức khỏe tâm thần kỹ thuật số (DMHI) riêng cho thanh niên đại diện cho một lĩnh vực nghiên cứu mới nổi, nhằm tăng cường khả năng tiếp cận, cải thiện kết quả xã hội - cảm xúc, và, khi cần thiết, hỗ trợ phân loại cho các can thiệp có mục tiêu. Tuy nhiên, các đánh giá trước đó đã báo cáo những phát hiện không nhất quán về hiệu quả lâm sàng của các can thiệp này ở thanh thiếu niên (12–25 tuổi). Hơn nữa, vẫn còn thiếu sót về tác động của các can thiệp có hướng dẫn dựa trên phương thức cung cấp và loại nhân viên hỗ trợ (ví dụ: chuyên nghiệp hoặc bạn đồng trang lứa) hướng dẫn can thiệp. Để đáp ứng, tổng quan hệ thống này, được thiết kế đồng với tổ chức sức khỏe tâm thần hàng đầu của Úc, nhằm đánh giá hiệu quả của các chương trình kỹ thuật số có hướng dẫn trong việc cải thiện kết quả xã hội - cảm xúc của thanh thiếu niên. Các nghiên cứu được đưa vào có bao gồm những người trẻ gặp phải vấn đề sức khỏe tâm thần, nhận các can thiệp tâm lý ngắn hạn (tức là 1–12 buổi), được cung cấp kỹ thuật số (ít nhất một phần), có hướng dẫn hoặc được hướng dẫn một phần, được thử nghiệm trong một loại nghiên cứu thực nghiệm, với một kết quả xã hội - cảm xúc. Các kết quả xã hội - cảm xúc cụ thể được xem xét bao gồm trầm cảm, lo âu, căng thẳng, sự thịnh vượng, thiền định và chất lượng cuộc sống. Một cuộc tìm kiếm hệ thống về tài liệu đã được công bố và tài liệu xám hiện tại đã xác định 22,482 hồ sơ với 32 hồ sơ liên quan được công bố từ năm 2018 đến năm 2023. Một tổng hợp kể chuyện đã hướng dẫn việc tích hợp các phát hiện. Kết quả cho thấy bằng chứng mạnh mẽ cho hiệu quả của các can thiệp có hướng dẫn về các kết quả xã hội - cảm xúc (tức là trầm cảm, lo âu, căng thẳng) nhưng những hiệu ứng này chỉ ngắn hạn. Khi xem xét việc sử dụng các nhóm đối chứng khác nhau (tức là chủ động so với không chủ động), những hiệu ứng không nhất quán đã được quan sát cho các kết quả xã hội - cảm xúc của trầm cảm, lo âu và căng thẳng. Phương thức cung cấp (tức là đồng bộ, không đồng bộ, kết hợp) và loại nhân viên hỗ trợ không có vẻ tác động đến các kết quả xã hội - cảm xúc. Kết quả chỉ ra rằng các can thiệp kỹ thuật số ngắn hạn hiệu quả cho trầm cảm và lo âu bao gồm nội dung làm mới/theo dõi, nội dung thiết lập mục tiêu, và nội dung phòng ngừa tái phát. Ngược lại, hiệu quả kém liên quan đến các can thiệp bao gồm các nhiệm vụ bài tập về nhà, tự giám sát và nội dung ghi chép.

Từ khóa


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