Origination and development mechanics of the Earth’s morphostructures. Part I: Etiology and evolution of the Patomsky crater
Tóm tắt
The author suggests a dilatancy-explosion model to explain the nature of the shape- and structure-peculiar crater revealed in the avolcanic Patomsky highlands in the East Siberia. The model rests upon laboratory experiments and estimates of the present author and other researchers, as well as the known facts from volcanology. It is substantiated that origination of the discussed crater is associated with hydrogen degassing and dilatancy-induced channel formation in the Earth’s interior for fluids to elevate up to the ground surface. The mechanisms of the channel formation, fluid flow and fluid mixing with air have been analyzed, which allowed a conclusion that these processes led to explosion of the air and gas mixture, and initiation of a ring structure. The ring structure mechanism is described, the pressure in the channel by the moment of the explosion is estimated, the crater-damaged area healing is described, and the healing aftereffects are discussed. The article ends with generalizations on the topic.
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