Organic Carbon and Nitrogen Stocks in Soils of Northeastern Brazil Converted to Irrigated Agriculture

Land Degradation and Development - Tập 26 Số 1 - Trang 9-21 - 2015
Sâmia Paiva de Oliveira Moraes1, N. B. Lacerda1, Susana Churka Blum1, Maria Eugenia Ortiz Escobar1, Teógenes Senna de Oliveira2
1Department of Soil Sciences Federal University of Ceará Fortaleza CE Brazil
2Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil

Tóm tắt

AbstractThe productivity of agricultural areas in semi‐arid regions can be improved through the use of irrigation. However, the intensive cropping of such soils can have detrimental effects, especially with regard to soil organic matter (SOM) pools. The goal of this work was to evaluate soil organic carbon and nitrogen stocks of different irrigated agricultural systems and compare these to preserved natural ecosystems adjacent to each of the cropping systems. We selected four cropping systems: banana, a maize/bean succession (MB), pasture (P) and guava (G), as well as areas covered by native vegetation. Stocks of total soil organic carbon (TOC), amounts of unprotected and protected soil organic carbon, carbon and nitrogen in microbial biomass and microbial respiration were quantified. Surface soil TOC stocks under banana, G and P grass were significantly greater than under native vegetation and MB system. The most intensive management system was the MB, and the least intensive systems were P and G. The least intensive cropping systems were grouped on the basis of similarities in TOC, POC, total soil nitrogen and N in microbial biomass stocks. These results show that the degree of soil degradation resulting from changes in land use systems increases with the intensity of the land use systems themselves. This confirms the established hypothesis that the extent of degradation of soil properties and changes in some SOM fractions depend on the intensity of soil use. Furthermore, the adoption of conservation practices may remediate soil degradation and increase SOM stocks, mainly at the soil's surface. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

10.1016/0038-0717(93)90140-7

10.1016/j.agee.2010.04.002

10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.08.013

10.1002/ldr.1055

10.1016/j.agwat.2012.01.013

Blake GR, 1986, Methods of soil analysis. Physical and mineralogical methods, 363

Bremner JM, 1982, Methods of soil analysis. Part 2

10.1016/0038-0717(82)90001-3

10.2136/sssaj1992.03615995005600030017x

10.1023/A:1004315321332

CRHB Conjuntura dos Recursos Hídricos no Brasil Irrigação e Demanda de Água no Brasil.2009.Seminário Nacional Agricultura Irrigada e Desenvolvimento Sustentável. Brasília DF:7pp.

10.1111/j.1365-2389.2005.00755.x

10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.03.002

10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.02.013

10.1016/j.still.2004.05.003

DNOCS.2013.Perímetros Irrigados do Estado do Ceará. Avaliable in:http://www.dnocs.gov.br/~dnocs/doc/canais/perimetros_irrigados/ce/jaguaribe_apodi.html

10.1016/j.still.2012.02.008

Embrapa ‐ Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Solos, 1997, Manual de métodos de análise de solo, 212

Embrapa ‐ Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Solos, 2006, Sistema Brasileiro de Classificação de Solos, 306

10.1002/ldr.1049

10.2136/sssaj1989.03615995005300040018x

10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00681.x

Gama‐Rodrigues EF, 2008, Fundamentos da matéria orgânica do solo: ecossistemas tropicais e subtropicais

10.1016/j.still.2009.06.002

10.1016/j.still.2010.05.005

10.1111/j.1475-2743.2012.00451.x

10.1007/s00374-002-0466-4

Islam KR, 2000, Soil quality indicator properties in mid‐Atlantic soils as influenced by conservation management, Journal of Soil & Water Conservation, 55, 69

10.1111/j.1475-2743.2011.00369.x

10.1002/ldr.850

10.1002/ldr.1092

10.1590/S0100-06832008000300014

10.4067/S0718-34292011000200002

10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.09.045

Medrado RD, 2011, Decomposição de resíduos culturais e liberação de nitrogênio para a cultura do milho, Scientia Agrária, 12, 97

Mendonça ES, 2005, Matéria orgânica do solo: métodos de análises

10.1080/00103620701663065

10.1002/ldr.1027

Parkin TB, 1996, Methods of assessing soil quality

10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.02.017

10.3334/CDIAC/tcm.009

R Development Core Team.2007.R: A language and environment for statistical computing.www.R‐project.org.

10.1007/s11104-011-0941-5

Reddy SJ, 1983, Climatic classification: the semiarid tropics and its environment—a review, Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 18, 823

10.1016/S0167-8809(00)00131-6

RicciMSF.2006.A Importância da Matéria Orgânica para o Cafeeiro. Available in:http://www.cnpab.embrapa.br/publicacoes/artigos/mat_org_cafeeiro.html. 2008 January.

Ruivo MLP, 2005, Caracterização química da manta orgânica e da matéria orgânica leve em diferentes tipos de solo em uma toposseqüência na ilha de Algodoal/Maiandeua, PA. Boletim do Museu. Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Série, Ciências Naturais, 1, 227

SahrawatKL MurugappanV Padma RajuA.2006.Soil and water quality issues vis‐a‐vis agricultural management practices in Deccan Plateau. InProceedings of the International Conference on Soil. Water and Environmental Quality — Issues and Strategies New Delhi India.

10.1016/S0167-8809(03)00085-9

10.1016/j.still.2009.05.004

10.1016/j.still.2003.08.007

10.2136/sssaj2000.642681x

Soil Survey Staff, 2010, Keys to soil taxonomy

10.1016/S0167-8809(99)00126-7

10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01304.x

10.1016/j.agee.2011.11.009

10.1071/SR9920195

10.1002/ldr.2148

10.1016/j.still.2006.03.001

Swift RS, 1996, Methods of soil analysis, 1018

10.1002/ldr.1079

10.1016/j.agee.2013.07.009

10.1016/j.still.2011.08.002

10.1002/ldr.1030

10.17221/416/2011-PSE

10.3334/CDIAC/tcm.002

10.1098/rstb.2004.1525

10.1590/S0100-06832006000200006

XLSTAT.2013.Specializes in Statistical & Data Analysis Software for Excel.www.xlstat.com.

10.1016/j.agee.2012.01.024

10.1080/00103628809368027

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Land Degradation and Development

Tập 26 Số 1

9-21

Thông tin tác giả