Chiến lược di chuyển tối ưu trong khu vực tài nguyên để tối ưu hóa thời gian cư trú: một phương pháp mô hình dựa trên tác nhân

Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology - Tập 67 - Trang 2053-2063 - 2013
E. Wajnberg1,2, T. S. Hoffmeister3, P. Coquillard1
1INRA, CNRS, Université de Nice, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France
2INRA, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France
3Institute of Ecology, FB 2, Biology, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany

Tóm tắt

Nhiều mô hình tối ưu hóa, như định lý giá trị biên (MVT), đã được đề xuất để dự đoán thời gian tối ưu mà động vật tìm kiếm nên ở lại các khu vực tài nguyên. Tuy nhiên, các mô hình này không chỉ rõ cách thức động vật có thể tuân theo các dự đoán tương ứng. Do đó, một số quy tắc quyết định rời khỏi khu vực gần gũi đã được đề xuất. Hầu hết, nếu không nói là tất cả, trong số đó đều dựa trên động lực của động vật để ở lại các khu vực, nhưng những hành vi thực sự liên quan đến động lực đó vẫn chưa được xác định. Vì động vật thường khai thác các khu vực tài nguyên bằng cách di chuyển, chúng tôi đã phát triển một mô hình mô phỏng các quyết định di chuyển trong khu vực của động vật có giới hạn về thời gian khi khai thác các tài nguyên phân bố trong các khu vực được xác định trong môi trường có sự phong phú và phân bố tài nguyên khác nhau. Giá trị của các tham số trong mô hình đã được tối ưu hóa trong các môi trường khác nhau bằng cách sử dụng thuật toán di truyền. Kết quả cho thấy rằng những sửa đổi đơn giản của kiểu di chuyển của động vật khi phát hiện tài nguyên có thể dẫn đến thời gian cư trú trong khu vực có vẻ nhất quán với những dự đoán của MVT. Những kết quả này cung cấp một hiểu biết cụ thể hơn về các quy tắc quyết định rời khỏi khu vực tối ưu mà động vật nên áp dụng trong các môi trường khác nhau.

Từ khóa

#tối ưu hóa #tài nguyên #quyết định di chuyển #động lực #mô phỏng tác nhân

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