Omega 3 fatty acids on child growth, visual acuity and neurodevelopment

British Journal of Nutrition - Tập 107 Số S2 - Trang S85-S106 - 2012
Cristina Campoy1, Ma Victoria Escolano-Margarit1, Tania Anjos1, Hania Szajewska2, Ricardo Uauy3
1Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Granada Avda. de Madrid, 11-18012Granada, Spain
2Department of Paediatrics, The Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
3Department of Public Health Nutrition, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of London, Kepple St, LondonWC1E 7HT, UK

Tóm tắt

The aim of this review is to evaluate the effects of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFA) supplementation in pregnant and lactating women and infants during postnatal life, on the visual acuity, psychomotor development, mental performance and growth of infants and children. Eighteen publications (11 sets of randomized control clinical trial [RCTs]) assessed the effects of the n-3 LCPUFA supplementation duringpregnancyon neurodevelopment and growth, in the same subjects at different time points; 4 publications (2 data sets from RCTs) addressed physiological responses to n-3 LCPUFA supplementation duringpregnancy & lactationand 5 publications (3 data sets from RCTs) exclusively duringlactation. Some of these studies showed beneficial effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation during pregnancy and/or lactation especially on visual acuity outcomes and some on long-term neurodevelopment; a few, showed positive effects on growth. There were also 15 RCTs involving term infants who received infant formula supplemented with DHA, which met our selection criteria. Many of these studies claimed a beneficial effect of such supplementation on visual, neural, or developmental outcomes and no effects on growth. Although new well designed and conducted studies are being published, evidence from RCTs does not demonstrate still a clear and consistent benefit of n-3 LCPUFA supplementation during pregnancy and/or lactation on term infants growth, neurodevelopment and visual acuity. These results should be interpreted with caution due to methodological limitations of the included studies.

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British Journal of Nutrition

Tập 107 Số S2

S85-S106

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