Olive Mill Industrial Waste as Co-substrate in Anaerobic Digestion with Aim at its Energetic Exploitation
Tóm tắt
The aim of this paper is to assess the feasibility of the co-digestion of olive mill industrial waste with urban sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). These wastes include olive mill solid waste (OMSW) and olive mill effluent (OME). This co-digestion process enables the energetic exploitation of OMSW and/or OME and introduces an environmental solution for their highly pollutant compounds. The behaviour of both co-substrates was studied using biochemical methane potential assays. To determine the optimal proportions of each co-substrate, different quantities of OME and OMSW were added to a constant quantity of substrate (urban sewage sludge) and put to test. A small amount of digested sludge from WWTP was used as an inoculum to accelerate the pace of the reactions. Thus, the optimal proportions between substrate and co-substrate were defined. The samples containing OMSW showed a biodegradability around 23%, slightly above that of the substrate on its own (21.3%). Moreover, biogas production in samples containing OMSW was significantly superior to samples containing substrate only. Nevertheless, the samples containing OME as a co-substrate presented an inferior biodegradability (20.3%) to that of the substrate on its own. Similarly, biogas production in OME co-digestion remained within the usual values of urban sewage sludge biogas production. In all cases, the system remained stable and the energetic efficiency of the process was improved in comparison to the digestion of substrate only. Therefore, co-digestion with urban sewage sludge proves to be a cost-effective method for OMSW and OME environmental management.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Álvarez JA, Otero L, Lema JM (2010) A methodology for optimising feed composition for anaerobic co-digestion of agro-industrial wastes. Bioresour Technol 101:1153–1158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2009.09.061
Angelidaki I, Alves M, Bolzonella D, Borzacconi L, Campos JL, Guwy AJ, Kalyuzhnyi S, Jenicek P, van Lier JB (2009) Defining the biomethane potential (BMP) of solid organic wastes and energy crops: a proposed protocol for batch assays. Water Sci Technol 59:927. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2009.040
APHA (1998) Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, 20th edn. ISBN 087553-161-X
Borja R, Rincón B, Raposo F (2006) Anaerobic biodegradation of two-phase olive mill solid wastes and liquid effluents: kinetic studies and process performance. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 81:1450–1462. https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.1563
Dahlin J, Nelles M, Herbes C (2017) Biogas digestate management: evaluating the attitudes and perceptions of German gardeners towards digestate-based soil amendments. Resour Conserv Recycl 118:27–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2016.11.020
Danellakis D, Ntaikou I, Kornaros M, Dailianis S (2011) Olive oil mill wastewater toxicity in the marine environment: alterations of stress indices in tissues of mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. Aquat Toxicol 101:358–366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2010.11.015
Elbeshbishy E, Nakhla G, Hafez H (2012) Biochemical methane potential (BMP) of food waste and primary sludge: influence of inoculum pre-incubation and inoculum source. Bioresour Technol 110:18–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2012.01.025
Fdz-Polanco F, Nieto P, Pérez Elvira S, van der Zee FP, Fdz-Polanc M, García PA (2005) Automated equipment for anaerobic sludge parameters determination. Water Sci Technol 52:479LP–485LP
Gerardi MH (2003) The microbiology of anaerobic digesters. Wiley, New York
Goncalves Ferreira LC (2013) Evaluación de la biodegradabilidad anaerobia de residuos orgánicos pre-tratados térmicamente. Valladolid
Gunay A, Karadag D (2015) Recent developments in the anaerobic digestion of olive mill effluents. Process Biochem 50:1893–1903. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2015.07.008
Hernández B, León E, Martín M (2017) Bio-waste selection and blending for the optimal production of power and fuels via anaerobic digestion. Chem Eng Res Des 121:163–172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2017.03.009
Hodaifa G, Martínez ME, Sánchez S (2008) Use of industrial wastewater from olive-oil extraction for biomass production of Scenedesmus obliquus. Bioresour Technol 99:1111–1117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2007.02.020
Hodaifa G, Ochando-Pulido JM, Rodriguez-Vives S, Martinez-Ferez A (2013) Optimization of continuous reactor at pilot scale for olive-oil mill wastewater treatment by Fenton-like process. Chem Eng J 220:117–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2013.01.065
IEA (2016) Renewables information. International energy agency, pp 488. https://doi.org/10.1787/renew-2016-en
Karaouzas I, Skoulikidis NT, Giannakou U, Albanis TA (2011) Spatial and temporal effects of olive mill wastewaters to stream macroinvertebrates and aquatic ecosystems status. Water Res 45:6334–6346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2011.09.014
Kelessidis A, Stasinakis AS (2012) Comparative study of the methods used for treatment and final disposal of sewage sludge in European countries. Waste Manag 32:1186–1195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2012.01.012
Khoufi S, Louhichi A, Sayadi S (2015) Optimization of anaerobic co-digestion of olive mill wastewater and liquid poultry manure in batch condition and semi-continuous jet-loop reactor. Bioresour Technol 182:67–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2015.01.092
Kosobucki P, Buszewski B, Górski Ł (2008) The influence of temperature on the process of dynamic methane fermentation of sewage sludge. Polish J Environ Stud 17:369–375
Lebrato J, Pérez-Rodríguez JL, Maqueda C (1995) Domestic solid waste and sewage improvement by anaerobic digestion: a stirred digester. Resour Conserv Recycl. https://doi.org/10.1016/0921-3449(94)00011-S
Moreno-Andrade I, Buitrón G (2003) Influence of the initial substrate to microorganisms concentration ratio on the methanogenic inhibition test. Water Sci Technol 48:17–22
Nielfa A, Cano R, Fdz-Polanco M (2015a) Theoretical methane production generated by the co-digestion of organic fraction municipal solid waste and biological sludge. Biotechnol Rep 5:14–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.btre.2014.10.005
Nielfa A, Cano R, Vinot M, Fernández E, Fdz-Polanco M (2015b) Anaerobic digestion modeling of the main components of organic fraction of municipal solid waste. Process Saf Environ Prot 94:180–187. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PSEP.2015.02.002
Ntougias S, Gaitis F, Katsaris P, Skoulika S, Iliopoulos N, Zervakis GI (2013) The effects of olives harvest period and production year on olive mill wastewater properties—evaluation of Pleurotus strains as bioindicators of the effluent’s toxicity. Chemosphere 92:399–405. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.01.033
Pagés-Díaz J, Pereda-Reyes I, Taherzadeh MJ, Sárvári-Horváth I, Lundin M (2014) Anaerobic co-digestion of solid slaughterhouse wastes with agro-residues: synergistic and antagonistic interactions determined in batch digestion assays. Chem Eng J. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2014.02.008
Saveyn H, Eder P (2014) End-of-waste criteria for biodegradable waste subjected to biological treatment (compost & digestate): technical proposals. Publications Office of the European Union. http://ftp.jrc.es/EURdoc/JRC87124.pdf
Soto M, Méndez R, Lema JM (1993) Methanogenic and non-methanogenic activity tests. Theoretical basis and experimental set up. Water Res 27:1361–1376. https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(93)90224-6
Stoller M, Chianese A (2006) Optimization of membrane batch processes by means of the critical flux theory. Desalination 191:62–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2005.07.021
Veluchamy C, Kalamdhad AS (2017) Biochemical methane potential test for pulp and paper mill sludge with different food/microorganisms ratios and its kinetics. Int Biodeterior Biodegradation 117:197–204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2017.01.005
Weiland P (2010) Biogas production: current state and perspectives. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 85:849–860. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-009-2246-7
Zhen G, Lu X, Kato H, Zhao Y, Li Y-Y (2017) Overview of pretreatment strategies for enhancing sewage sludge disintegration and subsequent anaerobic digestion: current advances, full-scale application and future perspectives. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 69:559–577. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.11.187