Sự xuất hiện và đánh giá rủi ro của vi nhựa trong sông Lhasa—một con sông cao nguyên xa xôi trên cao nguyên Thanh Hải - Tây Tạng, Trung Quốc

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 195 - Trang 1-11 - 2023
Amei Zhou1,2,3, Yuhong Zhao4, Minxia Liu5, Bongkotrat Suyamud3,6, Wenke Yuan3,7,8, Yuyi Yang1,2,3,7,8
1Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
2College of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
3Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
4Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi, China
5College of Forestry, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu County, China
6Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
7University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
8Danjiangkou Wetland Ecosystem Field Scientific Observation and Research Station, the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Hubei Province, Wuhan, China

Tóm tắt

Vi nhựa (MPs) là tài liệu phổ biến trong môi trường nước và đã thu hút sự chú ý rộng rãi trên toàn cầu như một loại ô nhiễm mới. Đô thị hóa và các hoạt động nhân sinh là những nguồn chính của vi nhựa trong các con sông; tuy nhiên, tình trạng vi nhựa ở các con sông cao nguyên có ít hoạt động của con người vẫn chưa được hiểu rõ. Trong nghiên cứu này, ô nhiễm vi nhựa trong nước bề mặt và trầm tích bờ của sông Lhasa từ cao nguyên Thanh Hải - Tây Tạng đã được điều tra và thực hiện một đánh giá rủi ro. Số lượng vi nhựa trong nước bề mặt và trầm tích bờ của sông Lhasa lần lượt là 0.63 n/L và 0.37 n/g. Vi nhựa trong nước bề mặt chủ yếu được chiếm ưu thế bởi dạng màng (43.23%) và sợi (31.12%), màu trong suốt (54.25%), và kích thước 0–0.5 mm (75.83%), trong khi vi nhựa trong trầm tích bờ chủ yếu là sợi (43.69%) và mảnh vụn (36.53%), màu trong suốt (71.91%), và kích thước 0–0.5 mm (60.18%). PP và PE là các loại polymer chủ yếu, chiếm tỷ lệ 44.55% và 30.79% lần lượt trong nước bề mặt và 32.51% và 36.01% lần lượt trong trầm tích bờ. Đặc biệt, chỉ số ô nhiễm polymer (H) của vi nhựa trong sông Lhasa nằm ở mức nguy hiểm III do rủi ro cao gây ra bởi PVC, nhưng chỉ số tải ô nhiễm (PLI) thấp ở mức nguy hiểm I. Nghiên cứu này cho thấy rằng con sông xa xôi ở cao nguyên Thanh Hải - Tây Tạng bị ô nhiễm bởi vi nhựa, và các rủi ro tiềm năng của chúng đối với hệ sinh thái dễ bị tổn thương cần được chú ý.

Từ khóa

#vi nhựa #ô nhiễm #đánh giá rủi ro #sông Lhasa #cao nguyên Thanh Hải - Tây Tạng

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