Observed and expected serious adverse event rates in randomised clinical trials for hypertension: an observational study comparing trials that do and do not focus on older people

The Lancet Healthy Longevity - Tập 2 - Trang e398-e406 - 2021
Peter Hanlon1, Neave Corcoran1, Guy Rughani1, Anoop S V Shah2, Frances S Mair1, Bruce Guthrie3, Joanne P Renton4, David A McAllister4
1General Practice and Primary Care, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
2Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
3Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
4Public Health, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK

Tài liệu tham khảo

Lloyd-Jones, 2005, Hypertension in adults across the age spectrum: current outcomes and control in the community, JAMA, 294, 466, 10.1001/jama.294.4.466 Russo, 2018, Impact of SPRINT results on hypertension guidelines: implications for “frail” elderly patients, J Hum Hypertens, 32, 633, 10.1038/s41371-018-0086-6 Lewington, 2002, Age-specific relevance of usual blood pressure to vascular mortality: a meta-analysis of individual data for one million adults in 61 prospective studies, Lancet, 360, 1903, 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)11911-8 Todd, 2019, Is the association between blood pressure and mortality in older adults different with frailty? A systematic review and meta-analysis, Age Ageing, 48, 627, 10.1093/ageing/afz072 Fortin, 2006, Randomized controlled trials: do they have external validity for patients with multiple comorbidities?, Ann Fam Med, 4, 104, 10.1370/afm.516 He, 2020, Exclusion rates in randomized controlled trials of treatments for physical conditions: a systematic review, Trials, 21, 228, 10.1186/s13063-020-4139-0 Ross, 1999, Barriers to participation in randomised controlled trials: a systematic review, J Clin Epidemiol, 52, 1143, 10.1016/S0895-4356(99)00141-9 Beckett, 2008, Treatment of hypertension in patients 80 years of age or older, N Engl J Med, 358, 1887, 10.1056/NEJMoa0801369 Wright, 2016, A randomized trial of intensive versus standard blood-pressure control, N Engl J Med, 374 Sheppard, 2020, Generalizability of blood pressure lowering trials to older patients: cross–sectional analysis, J Am Geriatr Soc, 68, 2508, 10.1111/jgs.16749 Luo, 2016, Population analysis of adverse events in different age groups using big clinical trials data, JMIR Med Inform, 4, e30, 10.2196/medinform.6437 Hanlon, 2019, Representation of people with comorbidity and multimorbidity in clinical trials of novel drug therapies: an individual-level participant data analysis, BMC Med, 17, 201, 10.1186/s12916-019-1427-1 Hanlon, 2020, Identifying frailty in trials: an analysis of individual participant data from trials of novel pharmacological interventions, BMC Med, 18, 309, 10.1186/s12916-020-01752-1 Fliser, 1993, Renal functional reserve in healthy elderly subjects, J Am Soc Nephrol, 3, 1371, 10.1681/ASN.V371371 Davies, 2015, Adverse drug reactions in special populations—the elderly, Br J Clin Pharmacol, 80, 796, 10.1111/bcp.12596 Wynne, 1989, The effect of age upon liver volume and apparent liver blood flow in healthy man, Hepatology, 9, 297, 10.1002/hep.1840090222 Van Spall, 2007, Eligibility criteria of randomized controlled trials published in high-impact general medical journals: a systematic sampling review, JAMA, 297, 1233, 10.1001/jama.297.11.1233 2012 Ioannidis, 2004, Better reporting of harms in randomized trials: an extension of the CONSORT statement, Ann Intern Med, 141, 781, 10.7326/0003-4819-141-10-200411160-00009 Konrat, 2012, Underrepresentation of elderly people in randomised controlled trials. The example of trials of 4 widely prescribed drugs, PLoS One, 7, 10.1371/journal.pone.0033559 Albasri, 2021, Association between antihypertensive treatment and adverse events: systematic review and meta-analysis, BMJ, 372, n189, 10.1136/bmj.n189 Mahr, 2017, Types, frequencies, and burden of nonspecific adverse events of drugs: analysis of randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials, Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf, 26, 731, 10.1002/pds.4169 Phillips, 2019, Analysis and reporting of adverse events in randomised controlled trials: a review, BMJ Open, 9, 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024537 Farooqi, 2020, Accumulation of deficits as a key risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality: a pooled analysis of 154 000 individuals, J Am Heart Assoc, 9, 10.1161/JAHA.119.014686 Dahabreh, 2016, Using group data to treat individuals: understanding heterogeneous treatment effects in the age of precision medicine and patient-centred evidence, Int J Epidemiol, 45, 2184 Welch, 1996, Estimating treatment benefits for the elderly: the effect of competing risks, Ann Intern Med, 124, 577, 10.7326/0003-4819-124-6-199603150-00007 Thomopoulos, 2016, Effects of blood-pressure-lowering treatment in hypertension: 9. Discontinuations for adverse events attributed to different classes of antihypertensive drugs: meta-analyses of randomized trials, J Hypertens, 34, 1921, 10.1097/HJH.0000000000001052 Hanlon, 2006, Incidence and predictors of all and preventable adverse drug reactions in frail elderly persons after hospital stay, J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 61, 511, 10.1093/gerona/61.5.511