Observations of CO dayglow at 4.7μm, CO mixing ratios, and temperatures at 74 and 104–111km on Venus

Billebaud, 1991, High-resolution infrared spectrum of CO on Mars: Evidence for emission lines, Planet. Space Sci., 39, 213, 10.1016/0032-0633(91)90144-Y Brecht, 2012, Dayside thermal structure of Venus’ upper atmosphere characterized by a global model, J. Geophys. Res., 117, E08002, 10.1029/2012JE004079 Brecht, 2011, Understanding the variability of nightside temperatures, NO UV and O2 IR nightglow emissions in the Venus upper atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 116, E08004, 10.1029/2010JE003770 Chamberlain, 1987 Clancy, 2008, Venus upper atmospheric CO, temperature, and winds across the afternoon/evening terminator from June 2007 JCMT sub-millimeter line observations, Planet. Space Sci., 56, 1344, 10.1016/j.pss.2008.05.007 Clancy, 2012, Thermal structure and CO distribution for the Venus mesosphere/lower thermosphere: 2001–2009 inferior conjunction sub-millimeter CO absorption line observations, Icarus, 217, 794, 10.1016/j.icarus.2011.05.021 Connes, 1968, Carbon monoxide in the Venus atmosphere, Astrophys. J., 152, 731, 10.1086/149590 Crovisier, 2006, Carbon monoxide emissions at 4.7 μm from Venus’ atmosphere, Planet. Space Sci., 54, 1398, 10.1016/j.pss.2006.04.027 De Kok, 2011, Scattering particles in nightside limb observations of Venus’ upper atmosphere by Venus Express VIRTIS, Icarus, 211, 51, 10.1016/j.icarus.2010.08.023 Engelke, 2010, Spectral irradiance calibration in the infrared. XVII. Zero-magnitude broadband flux reference for visible-to-infrared photometry, Astron. J., 140, 1919, 10.1088/0004-6256/140/6/1919 Gilli, 2011, Non-LTE CO limb emission at 4.7 μm in the upper atmospheres of Venus, Mars, and Earth: Observations and modeling, Planet. Space Sci., 59, 1010, 10.1016/j.pss.2010.07.023 Greene, 1993, CSHELL: A high spectral resolution echelle spectrograph for the IRTF, Proc. SPIE, 1946, 313, 10.1117/12.158684 Hancock, 1971, Vibrational relaxation rates for CO (v⩽13) with CO (v=0), OCS, O2 and He, Chem. Phys. Lett., 8, 41, 10.1016/0009-2614(71)80570-5 Hedin, 1983, Global empirical model of the Venus thermosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 88, 73, 10.1029/JA088iA01p00073 Irwin, 2008, Spatial variability of carbon monoxide in Venus’ mesosphere from Venus Express/Visible and Infrared Thermal Imaging Spectrometer measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 113, E00B01, 10.1029/2008JE003093 Jeffers, 1971, Calculations of V–V transfer probabilities in CO–CO collisions, J. Chem. Phys., 55, 4433, 10.1063/1.1676770 Keating, 1985, Models of Venus neutral upper atmosphere: Structure and composition, Adv. Space Res., 5, 117, 10.1016/0273-1177(85)90200-5 Krasnopolsky, 1970, Nitric oxide at 110–220 km measured at the Cosmos 224 orbiter, Geomagn. Aeron., 10, 660 Krasnopolsky, 2003, Mapping of Mars O2 1.27 μm dayglow at four seasonal points, Icarus, 165, 315, 10.1016/S0019-1035(03)00214-8 Krasnopolsky, 2007, Long-term spectroscopic observations of Mars using IRTF/CSHELL: Mapping of O2 dayglow, CO, and search for CH4, Icarus, 190, 93, 10.1016/j.icarus.2007.02.014 Krasnopolsky, 2010, Spatially-resolved high-resolution spectroscopy of Venus. 1. Variations of CO2, CO, HF, and HCl at the cloud tops, Icarus, 208, 539, 10.1016/j.icarus.2010.02.012 Krasnopolsky, 2012, A photochemical model for the Venus atmosphere at 47–112 km, Icarus, 218, 230, 10.1016/j.icarus.2011.11.012 Krasnopolsky, 2014, Observations of the CO dayglow at 4.7 μm on Mars: Variations of temperature and CO mixing ratio at 50 km, Icarus, 228, 189, 10.1016/j.icarus.2013.10.008 Krasnopolsky, 2013, Observations of D/H ratios in H2O, HCl, and HF on Venus and new DCl and DF line strengths, Icarus, 224, 57, 10.1016/j.icarus.2013.02.010 Lopez-Valverde, 1994, A non-local thermodynamic equilibrium radiative transfer model for infrared emission in the atmosphere of Mars. 2: Daytime populations of vibrational levels, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 13117, 10.1029/94JE01091 Mills, 2007, A review of selected issues concerning the chemistry in Venus’ middle atmosphere, Planet. Space Sci., 55, 1729, 10.1016/j.pss.2007.01.012 Moroz, 1983, Stellar magnitude and albedo data of Venus, 27 Palmer, 1975, Optical constants of sulfuric acid – Application to the clouds of Venus, Appl. Opt., 14, 208, 10.1364/AO.14.000208 Rothman, 2013, The HITRAN 2012 molecular spectroscopic database, J. Quant. Spectosc. Radiat. Trans., 130, 4, 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2013.07.002 Schofield, 1982, Net global thermal emission from the venusian atmosphere, Icarus, 52, 245, 10.1016/0019-1035(82)90111-7 Seiff, 1985, Models of the structure of the atmosphere of Venus from the surface to 100 kilometers altitude, Adv. Space Res., 5, 3, 10.1016/0273-1177(85)90197-8 Sonnabend, 2010, Direct observations of Venus upper mesospheric temperatures from ground based spectroscopy of CO2, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L11102, 10.1029/2010GL043335 Sonnabend, 2012, Thermospheric/mesospheric temperatures on Venus: Results from ground-based high-resolution spectroscopy of CO2 in 1990/1991 and comparison to results from 2009 and between other techniques, Icarus, 21, 856, 10.1016/j.icarus.2011.07.015 Starr, 1975, Vibrational energy transfer in CO2–CO mixtures from 163 to 406 K, J. Chem. Phys., 63, 4730, 10.1063/1.431259 Stephenson, 1974, Vibrational energy transfer in CO from 100 to 300 K, J. Chem. Phys., 60, 3562, 10.1063/1.1681574 Sung, 2005, CO2-broadened half-widths and CO2-induced line shifts of 12C16O relevant to the atmospheric spectra of Venus and Mars, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Trans., 91, 319, 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2004.05.063 Vandaele, 2008, Composition of the Venus mesosphere measured by solar occultation at infrared on board Venus Express, J. Geophys. Res., 113, E00B23, 10.1029/2008JE003140 Yoshino, 1996, Absorption cross section measurements of carbon dioxide in the wavelength region 118.7–175.5 nm and the temperature dependence, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Trans., 55, 53, 10.1016/0022-4073(95)00135-2 Young, 1972, High resolution spectra of Venus: A review, Icarus, 17, 632, 10.1016/0019-1035(72)90029-2 Zhang, 2012, Sulfur chemistry in the middle atmosphere of Venus, Icarus, 217, 714, 10.1016/j.icarus.2011.06.016