Obesidad Infantil. Recomendaciones del Comité de Nutrición de la Asociación Española de Pediatría Parte I. Prevención. Detección precoz. Papel del pediatra

Anales de Pediatría - Tập 65 - Trang 607-615 - 2006
R.A. Lama More1, A. Alonso Franch2, M. Gil-Campos3, R. Leis Trabazo4, V. Martínez Suárez5, A. Moráis López1, J.M. Moreno Villares6, M.C. Pedrón Giner7
1Unidad de Nutrición Infantil. Hospital Universitario La Paz. UAM. Madrid. España
2Hospital Clínico. Universidad de Valladolid. España
3Sección Endocrinología Pediátrica. Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía. Córdoba. España
4Unidad Investigación en Nutrición y Desarrollo Humano de Galicia. Departamento de Pediatría. Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago. USC. España
5Centro de Salud El Llano. Gijón. España
6Unidad de Nutrición Clínica. Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre. Madrid. España
7Unidad Nutrición Infantil. Hospital Universitario Niño Jesús. UAM. Madrid. España

Tài liệu tham khảo

Estrategia Mundial sobre Régimen Alimentario, Actividad Física y Salud. Genève: OMS; 2004. Orden SCO/66/2004 por la que se establecen las directrices para la elaboración del Plan Integral de obesidad, Nutrición y actividad física. Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo. BOE núm 19. Jueves 22 enero 2004. p. 2790-1. Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo. Estrategia NAOS. Estrategia para la nutrición, actividad física y prevención de la obesidad. Agencia Española de Seguridad Alimentaria. Madrid: MSC; 2005. Disponible en: www.aesa.msc.es Moore, 2003, Improving management of obesity in primary care: Cluster randomised trial, BMJ, 327, 1085, 10.1136/bmj.327.7423.1085 2000, Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic, World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser, 894 US Department of Health and Human Services. The surgeon general's call to action to prevent and decrease overweight and obesity. Rockville, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Office of the Surgeon General, Washington 2001. Disponible en: www.surgeongeneral.gov/topics/obesity/ Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Public Health Strategies for preventing and controlling overweight and obesity in school and worksite setting. A Report on Recommendations of the Task Force on Community. Preventive Services. MMWR 2005. Baskin, 2005, Prevalence of obesity in the United States, Obes Rev, 6, 5, 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2005.00165.x Aranceta Bartrina, 2005, Prevalencia de obesidad en España, Med Clin (Barc), 125, 460, 10.1157/13079612 Hernández M, Castellet J, Narvaiza JL, Rincón JM, Ruiz I, Sánchez E, et al. Curvas y tablas de crecimiento y desarrollo. Fundación F. Orbegozo. Madrid: Garsi; 1988. Cole, 2000, Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: International survey, BMJ, 320, 1240, 10.1136/bmj.320.7244.1240 Tojo R, Leis R y Comité de Nutrición de la Asociación Española de Pediatría. La obesidad en niños y adolescentes, una epidemia del siglo XXI. Causas y consecuencias. Estrategias de prevención e intervención. Eds. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela-Novartis Medical Nutrition-Asociación Española de Pediatría. Santiago de Compostela; 2004. Leis, 1999, Atherogenic diet, blood lipid profile in children and adolescents from Galicia NW Spain. The Galinut Study, Acta Paediatr, 88, 19, 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1999.tb01261.x Leis, 2004, Cardiovascular risk factors among obese children and adolescents. The Galinut Study, JPGN, 39, 468 Ahima, 2001, Molecular regulation of eating behaviour: New insights and prospects for therapeutic strategies, Trends Mol Med, 7, 205, 10.1016/S1471-4914(01)01989-X Yoshihara, 2002, Ghrelin: A novel peptide for hormone release and feeding regulation, Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metabol Care, 5, 391, 10.1097/00075197-200207000-00007 Gil-Campos, 2006, Ghrelin: A hormone regulating energy homeostasis, Br J Nutr, 95, 1 González, 2002, Funciones endocrinas de la célula adiposa, Endocrinol Nutr, 10, 140 Gil-Campos, 2004, Adiponectin, the missing link in insulin resistance and obesity, Clin Nutr, 23, 963, 10.1016/j.clnu.2004.04.010 McMinn, 2000, Neuroendocrine mechanisms regulating food intake and body weight, Obs Rev, 137 Cabrerizo, 2004, Fisiopatología de la obesidad. En: Nutrición y metabolismo en los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria. A Miján Ed, Glosa, 181 Saad, 2002, Insulin regulates plasma ghrelin concentration, J Clin Endocrinol Metabol, 87, 3997, 10.1210/jcem.87.8.8879 Puerta, 1998, El tejido adiposo pardo como amortiguador energético, Nutr Obes, 1, 176 Portillo, 1998, Receptores adrenérgicos y obesidad, Nutr Obes, 1, 183 Rankinen, 2006, The human obesity gene map: the 2005 update, Obesity, 14, 529, 10.1038/oby.2006.71 Matigne, 2002, The natural history of the development of obesity in a cohort of young US adults between 1981 and 1998, Ann Intern Med, 136, 857, 10.7326/0003-4819-136-12-200206180-00006 Barker, 1995, Fetal and infant origins of disease, Eur J Clin Invest, 25, 457, 10.1111/j.1365-2362.1995.tb01730.x Moreno Villares, 2001, Alteraciones en la nutrición fetal y efectos a largo plazo. ¿Algo más que una hipótesis?, Acta Pediatr Esp, 59, 573 Godfrey, 1997, Mother's birth weight and diet in pregnancy in relation to the baby's thinness at birth, Br J Obstet Gynaecol, 104, 663, 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1997.tb11975.x Sanin Aguirre, 2004, Relation between maternal body composition and birth weight, Biol Neonate, 86, 55, 10.1159/000077586 MacDonald, 2003, Neonatal weight loss in breast and formula fed infants, Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal, 88, 472, 10.1136/fn.88.6.F472 Baird J, Fisher D, Lucas P, Kleijen J, Roberts H, Law C. Being big or growing fast: Systematic review of size and growth in infancy and later obesity. BMJ, doi:10.1136/bmj.38586.411273.EO (publicado el 14 de octubre de 2005). 2003, Prevention of pediatric overweight and obesity, Pediatrics, 112, 424, 10.1542/peds.112.2.424 Koletzko, 2005, Protein intake in the first year of life: A risk for later obesity? The E.U. childhood obesity project, Adv Exp Med Biol, 569, 69, 10.1007/1-4020-3535-7_12 Dietz, 2000, Adiposity rebound: Reality or epiphenomenum?, Lancet, 356, 2027, 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)03396-1 Kaiser, 2002, Position of the American Dietetic Association: Nutrition and lifestyle for a healthy pregnancy outcome, J Am Diet Assoc, 102, 1479, 10.1016/S0002-8223(02)90327-5 National Academy of Sciences: Nutrition during pregnancy. I: Weight gain. II: Nutrient supplements. Washington: National Academy Press; 1990. Landers, 2000, Nutrition in adolescent pregnancy, Curr Opin Pediatr, 12, 291, 10.1097/00008480-200006000-00021 Grummer-Strawn LM, Mei Z. Does breastfeeding protect against paediatric overweight: Analysis of longitudinal data from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Pediatric Nutrition Surveillance System. Pediatrics. 2004;113(3). Disponible en: www.pediatrics.org/cgi/content/full/113/3/e81. Recomendaciones para la lactancia materna. Disponible en: www.aeped.es/lactanciamaterna/ Owen, 2005, Effect of infant feeding on the risk of obesity across the life course: A quantitative review of published evidence, Pediatrics, 115, 1367, 10.1542/peds.2004-1176 Ailhaud, 2004, Fatty acid composition of fats is an early determinant of childhood obesity: A short review and an opinion, Obes Rev, 5, 21, 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2004.00121.x Parizkova, 1997, High proteins early in life as a predisposition for later obesity and further health risks, Nutrition, 19, 818, 10.1016/S0899-9007(97)00196-2 Gil A, Uauy R, Dalmau J. Bases para una alimentación complementaria adecuada de los lactantes y niños de corta edad. Comité de Nutrición de la Asociación Española de Pediatría. An Esp Pediatr. 2006; en prensa. Hayman, 2004, Circulation, 110, 2266, 10.1161/01.CIR.0000141117.85384.64 James, 2004, Preventing childhood obesity by reducing consumption of carbonated drinks: Cluster randomized controlled trial, BMJ, 328, 1237, 10.1136/bmj.38077.458438.EE Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo. Código PAOS. Agencia Española de Seguridad Alimentaria. MSC. Madrid. 2005. Disponible en: www.aesa.msc.es Hattori, 1987, Fat patterning of adolescents, Ann Hum Biol, 14, 23, 10.1080/03014468700008801 Must, 1992, Longterm morbidity and mortality of overweight adolescents: A follow-up of the Harvard Growth Study 1922 to 1935, N Engl J Med, 327, 1350, 10.1056/NEJM199211053271904 Bandini, 2002, Natural history of obesity: A focus on adolescence, 49, 119 Abbot, 2004, Habitual physical activity and physical activity intensity: Their relation with body composition in 5-15 years old children, Eur J Clin Nutr, 58, 285, 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601780 Westerterp, 2004, Physical activity and human energy expenditure, Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care, 7, 607, 10.1097/00075197-200411000-00004 Reilly, 2005, The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children Study Team. Early life risk factors for obesity in childhood: Cohort Study, BMJ, 330, 1357, 10.1136/bmj.38470.670903.E0 Speiser, 2005, Consensus statement: Childhood obesity, JCEM, 90, 1871, 10.1210/jc.2004-1389 Daniels, 2006, Critical Periods for Abnormal Weight Gain in Children and Adolescents, 67 2004, Pediatrics, 114, 1139, 10.1542/peds.2004-0347A Aranceta Bartrina, 2001, Factores determinantes de la obesidad en la población infantil y juvenil española, 109