Nutritional status of children with neurodevelopmental disorders: a cross-sectional study at a tertiary-level hospital in northern Bangladesh

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Rahima Khatun1, Md. Kaoser Bin Siddique2, Mst. Reshma Khatun3, Maskura Benzir4, Md. Rafiqul Islam1, Sohel Ahmed5, Olav Muurlink6
1Department of Pediatrics, TMSS Medical College & Rafatullah Community Hospital (TMC&RCH), Bogura, Bangladesh
2Research, Planning & Development (RP&D), TMSS Grand Health Sector (TGHS), TMSS, Rangpur Road, Thengamara,, Bogura, Bangladesh
3Department of Pharmacy, Manarat International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
4Department of Anatomy, TMSS Medical College (TMC), Rangpur Road, Thengamara, Bogura, Bangladesh
5Ahmed Physiotherapy & Research Center, Kalabagan, Dhaka, Bangladesh
6Sustainable Innovation, School of Business and Law, Central Queensland University, Brisbane, Australia

Tóm tắt

Abstract Background Malnutrition in children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) is a significant global public health issue. Nutritional assessment combined with management or advice are essential to produce optimal outcomes. Objectives The objective of this study was to assess nutritional status and the sociodemographic profile of children with neurodevelopmental disorders in Bangladesh. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from December to April 2020 among the population of children with NDDs who presented to the pediatric department of the TMSS Medical College and Rafatullah Community Hospital in Bogura during this period. Socio-demographic data along with anthropometric measurements of the children were taken. Assessment of nutritional status were made using metrics such as z-scores for weight-for-age (WAZ), height-for-age (HAZ), and body mass index-for-age (BAZ). Descriptive statistics (number and percentage) and analytical statistics (chi-square and logistic regression) were included. Results 58.6% of children displayed malnutrition, with 47.8% showing undernutrition (WHZ / BAZ − 1 SD-≤-3 SD), and 10.8% overnutrition (BAZ > 2SD). Significant negative associations were found between malnutrition and parental education level, urban residency, and monthly family income. Children diagnosed with cerebral palsy exhibited twice the likelihood to be malnourished (AOR 2.39, 95% CI 0.83–6.87). Furthermore, residing in rural regions was associated with an increased risk of experiencing malnutrition, as indicated by an adjusted odds ratio of 1.60 (95% CI 0.12–3.09). Conclusions While the results are cross-sectional, over half of children with NDDs were found to be malnourished, suggesting that children with NDD in Bangladesh are vulnerable to developing any form of malnutrition. Therefore, regular assessments and timely nutritional support may improve their situation.

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