Numerical Analysis of Regular Reinforced Concrete Frames under Near-Fault Ground Motions

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - 2022
Hamed Rajaei Lak1, Elham Rajabi2, Gholamreza Ghodrati Amiri1, Ayoub Shakouri1
1Natural Disasters Prevention Research Center, School of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
2Department of Civil Engineering, Tafresh University, Tafresh, Iran

Tóm tắt

Near-fault earthquakes are more severe compared to typical ground motions which are used in most of the seismic design codes. Near-fault ground motions with forward-directivity and fling-step can be categorized as the two major types of these earthquakes that impose great demands on structures. This paper considers the effect of near-fault earthquakes on the different reinforced concrete frames which have been modelled based on up-to-date methods by comparing their responses with the ones under far-fault ground motions. Fourteen near-fault ground motion records with forward-directivity and fling-step characteristics and seven far-faults have been selected. Regular frames with 4, 7 and 10 stories are separated into two categories of reinforced concrete moment (RC) frame with and without shear walls. Nonlinear time-history analyses of RC frames have been performed using OpenSees software. In addition, artificial neural network approach is utilized to estimate a relationship between structural response and inherent characteristics of ground motions which illustrates the way each characteristics influences the structural response under different types of ground motion records. The results show that near-fault earthquakes considerably affect the response of both frames for all cases under different ground motion records as it increased the responses by 72 percent for the frames with shear walls, and by 45 percent for those without shear walls on average. Also, the effect of near-fault earthquakes becomes more significant as the number of stories increases. In case of records with fling-step effect, the difference in the behavior of frames with different height is shown to be more noticeable as in some 10 story cases the demands grew by 100 percent, while it was nearly the same in 4 story frames.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Abbasianjahromi H, Shojaeikhah S (2021) Structural reliability assessment of steel four-bolt unstiffened extended end-plate connections using Monte Carlo simulation and artificial neural networks. Iranian J Sci Technol Trans Civil Eng 45:111–123. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40996-020-00480-z

Al-Haidari HSJ, Al-Haydari IS (2021) Artificial intelligence-based compressive strength prediction of medium to high strength concrete. Iranian J Sci Technol Trans Civil Eng. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40996-021-00717-5

Baker JW, Cornell CA (2008) Vector-valued intensity measures for pulse-like near-fault ground motions. Eng Struct 30:1048–1057. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2007.07.009

Bhagat S, Wijeyewickrema AC, Subedi N (2018) Influence of near-fault ground motions with fling-step and forward-directivity characteristics on seismic response of base-isolated buildings. J Earthq Eng. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2018.1520759

Bhandari M, Bharti S, Shrimali M, Datta T (2019) Recent advances in structural engineering. Springer, Heidelberg

Bray JD, Rodriguez-Marek A (2004) Characterization of forward-directivity ground motions in the near-fault region. Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 24:815–828. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2004.05.001

Calugaru V, Panagiotou M (2014) Seismic response of 20-story base-isolated and fixed-base reinforced concrete structural wall buildings at a near-fault site. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 43:927–948. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2381

Federal Emergency Management Agency, FEMA-356 (2000) Prestandard and Commentary for Seismic Rehabilitation of Buildings, Washington DC

Federal Emergency Management Agency, FEMA P-695 (2009) Quantification of building seismic performance factors, Washington DC, USA

Gorai S, Maity D (2019) Seismic response of concrete gravity dams under near field and far field ground motions. Eng Struct 196:109292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.109292

Gu J, Gul M, Wu X (2017) Damage detection under varying temperature using artificial neural networks. Struct Control Health Monit 24:e1998. https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.1998

Haselton, Curt B (2008) Beam-column element model calibrated for predicting flexural response leading to global collapse of RC frame buildings. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center

Hatzigeorgiou G (2010a) Behavior factors for nonlinear structures subjected to multiple near-fault earthquakes. Comput Struct 88:309–321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2009.11.006

Hatzigeorgiou GD (2010) Ductility demand spectra for multiple near- and far-fault earthquakes. Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 30:170–183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2009.10.003

Ibarra LF, Medina RA, Krawinkler H (2005) Hysteretic models that incorporate strength and stiffness deterioration. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 34:1489–1511. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.495

Kalkan E, Kunnath SK (2006) Effects of fling step and forward directivity on seismic response of buildings. Earthq Spectra 22:367–390. https://doi.org/10.1193/1.2192560

Kheyroddin A, Gholhaki M, Pachideh G (2019) Seismic evaluation of reinforced concrete moment frames retrofitted with steel braces using IDA and pushover methods in the near-fault field. J Rehabil Civil Eng 7:159–173. https://doi.org/10.22075/jrce.2018.12347.1211

Kolozvari K, Orakcal K, Wallace JW (2014) Modeling of cyclic shear-flexure interaction in reinforced concrete structural walls. i: Theory. J Struct Eng 141:04014135. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001059

Leung CK, Ng MY, Luk HC (2006) Empirical approach for determining ultimate FRP strain in FRP-strengthened concrete beams. J Compos Constr 10:125–138. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2006)10:2(125)

Liao WI, Loh CH, Wan S (2001) Earthquake responses of RC moment frames subjected to near-fault ground motions. Struct Design Tall Build 10:219–229. https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.178

Lignos DG, Krawinkler H (2012) Development and utilization of structural component databases for performance-based earthquake engineering. J Struct Eng 139:1382–1394. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000646

Liossatou E, Fardis MN (2016) Near-fault effects on residual displacements of RC structures. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 45:1391–1409. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2712

Ma H-B, Zhuo W-D, Lavorato D, Nuti C, Fiorentino G, Gu Y, Briseghella B (2019) Probabilistic seismic response analysis on continuous bridges under near-fault ground motions iranian. J Sci Technol Trans Civil Eng 43:491–500. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40996-018-00232-0

Majstorović J, Giffard-Roisin S, Poli P (2021) Designing convolutional neural network pipeline for near-fault earthquake catalog extension using single-station waveforms. J Geophys Res: Solid Earth 126:e2020JB021566. https://doi.org/10.1177/13694332211058530

Massone L, Orakcal K, Wallace J (2006) Shear-flexure interaction for structural walls. Special Publ 236:127–150

Meigooni FS, Tehranizadeh M (2022) Assessment of new vector intensity measures for the seismic evaluation of low-rise frames by considering near-field aftershock effects. Iranian J Sci Technol Trans Civil Eng 46:2289–2300. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40996-022-00819-8

Mohemmi M, Mohammadi Dehcheshmeh E, Broujerdian V (2022) Seismic vibration control of moment-resistant concrete frames using nonlinear viscous dampers. Iranian J Sci Technol Trans Civil Eng. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40996-022-00916-8

Moradiyan M, Pachideh G, Moshtagh A (2022) Study of seismic behavior and development of fragility curves of divergent braced frames under successive earthquakes. J Struct Constr Eng 8:156–175

Mortezaei A (2014) Plastic hinge Length of RC columns under the combined effect of near-fault vertical and horizontal ground motions Periodica polytechnica. Civ Eng 58:243. https://doi.org/10.3311/PPci.7329

Mortezaei A, Ronagh HR, Kheyroddin A (2010) Seismic evaluation of FRP strengthened RC buildings subjected to near-fault ground motions having fling step. Compos Struct 92:1200–1211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2009.10.017

Orakcal K, Wallace JW (2006) Flexural modeling of reinforced concrete walls-experimental verification. ACI Mater J 103:196

Orakcal K, Wallace JW, Conte JP (2004) Flexural modeling of reinforced concrete walls-model attributes. Struct J 101:688–698

Panagiotakos TB, Fardis MN (2001) Deformations of reinforced concrete members at yielding and ultimate. Struct J 98:135–148

PEER Nga Database (2019) Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center. PEER University of California, Berkeley

Rumelhart DE, Hinton GE, Williams RJ (1986) Learning representations by back-propagating errors. Nature 323:533–536

Salimbahrami SR, Gholhaki M (2022) Response of concrete buildings with steel shear walls to near-and far-field earthquakes. Proc Inst Civil Eng Struct Build 175:1–17. https://doi.org/10.1680/jstbu.18.00233

Standard No. 2800 (2014) Permanent committee for revising the Iranian code of practice for seismic resistant design of buildings, 4th edn. Building and Housing Research Center, Tehran

Tran TA (2012) Experimental and analytical studies of moderate aspect ratio reinforced concrete structural walls. UCLA, Los Angeles

Vafaei D, Eskandari R (2015) Seismic response of mega buckling-restrained braces subjected to fling-step and forward-directivity near-fault ground motions. Struct Des Tall Special Build 24:672–686. https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.1205

Vulcano A, Bereto V (1987) Analytical models for predicting the lateral response of RC shear walls: evaluation of their reliability. Earthquake Engineering Research Center, College of Engineering

Whyte CA, Stojadinovic B (2013) Effect of ground motion sequence on response of squat reinforced concrete shear walls. J Struct Eng 140:A4014004. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000912

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Thông tin tác giả