Các chiến lược mới để kiểm soát etylen trong trái cây và rau quả nhằm kéo dài thời gian bảo quản: Một bài tổng quan

A. Ebrahimi1, M. Zabihzadeh Khajavi1, S. Ahmadi2, A. M. Mortazavian3, A. Abdolshahi4, S. Rafiee5, M. Farhoodi3
1Student Research Committee, Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences, Food Science and Technology/National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Tehran, Iran
3Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4Food Safety Research Center (salt), Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
5Mechanical Engineering of Agricultural Machinery, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

Tóm tắt

Các yếu tố môi trường, đặc biệt là nhiệt độ, độ ẩm và bầu không khí của bao bì có thể kiểm soát sinh lý sau thu hoạch và sự biến động trong thành phần hóa học của các loại cây trồng trong kho trong suốt quá trình bảo quản. Hầu hết các loại trái cây và rau quả sẽ thải ra etylen, một trong những phyto-hormone đơn giản nhất, sau khi thu hoạch. Etylen kích hoạt quá trình chín, gây mềm và phân hủy diệp lục, và cuối cùng dẫn đến sự suy giảm chất lượng hàng hóa tươi. Có nhiều phương pháp để giảm sản xuất etylen hoặc ngăn chặn tác động của nó nhằm giữ gìn chất lượng trái cây và rau quả và kéo dài tuổi thọ của chúng. Do đó, tác động của etylen có thể bị giới hạn ở cấp độ thụ thể (ví dụ như 1-MCP và Selenium), hoặc thông qua việc loại bỏ hiệu quả etylen đã được thải ra khỏi bầu không khí. Trong số các công nghệ mới nổi, việc kết hợp các hạt nano vào ma trận polymer đóng một vai trò quan trọng trong việc giảm tính thẩm thấu của khí cũng như hấp thụ etylen. Theo đó, bài viết hiện tại xem xét các đặc điểm, loại hình ứng dụng và hiệu quả của các chiến lược kiểm soát etylen đối với hàng hóa dễ hỏng và các khía cạnh tương lai của chúng.

Từ khóa

#etiđen #bảo quản thực phẩm #hạt nano #polymer #sinh lý sau thu hoạch

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