Novel oxygen-enrichment method using annular air curtain for single-head roadway of plateau mine
Tóm tắt
The low-oxygen environment restricts the exploitation of mineral resources on plateaus and affects miner’s safety. This paper proposes an oxygen-enrichment method using an annular air curtain. Through numerical simulation and experiments, it was confirmed that the proposed method improves the breathing environment in the single-head roadway of a plateau mine. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to investigate the oxygen-enriching effect and oxygen spatial distribution regularities after using the proposed oxygen-enrichment method in the single-head roadway of a plateau mine. The reliability of the CFD model was confirmed by experiment. Orthogonal testing was conducted to investigate the influence degree and optimal level combination of factors influencing oxygen enrichment. The results demonstrate that the annular air curtain effectively prevented oxygen loss, thus forming a local oxygen-rich space and improving the effective utilization rate of oxygen. Oxygen supply concentration and velocity are positively correlated with the oronasal oxygen mass fraction through a linear function, while the air curtain outlet wind velocity is negatively correlated with the oronasal oxygen mass fraction through a linear function. The annular air curtain diameter and oronasal oxygen mass fraction do not have an obvious functional relationship. When the annular air curtain diameter was greater than 0.9 m, the oronasal oxygen mass fraction was stable at approximately 25.30%. The influencing factors of the novel oxygen-enrichment method are, in descending order, as follows: oxygen supply concentration, annular air curtain diameter, air curtain outlet wind velocity, and oxygen supply velocity. The optimal level combination is oxygen supply concentration of 100%, oxygen supply velocity of 11 m/s, air curtain outlet wind velocity of 1.5 m/s, and annular air curtain diameter of 0.9 m.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Butler GJ, Al-Waili N, Passano DV, et al. (2011). Altitude mountain sickness among tourist populations: A review and pathophysiology supporting management with hyperbaric oxygen. Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology, 35: 197–207.
Gao N, Niu J (2004). CFD study on micro-environment around human body and personalized ventilation. Building and Environment, 39: 795–805.
Gonçalves JC, Costa JJ, Lopes AMG (2019). Parametric study on the performance of an air curtain based on CFD simulations—New proposal for automatic operation. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 193: 103951.
Guo C, Xu J, Wang M, et al. (2015). Study on oxygen supply standard for physical health of construction personnel of high-altitude tunnels. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 13(1): 64.
Hua Y, Nie W, Wei W, et al. (2018). Research on multi-radial swirling flow for optimal control of dust dispersion and pollution at a fully mechanized tunnelling face. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 79: 293–303.
Huang R, Shen X, Wang B, et al. (2020). Migration characteristics of CO under forced ventilation after excavation roadway blasting: A case study in a plateau mine. Journal of Cleaner Production, 267: 122094.
Kurnia JC, Sasmito AP, Mujumdar AS (2014). CFD simulation of methane dispersion and innovative methane management in underground mining faces. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 38: 3467–3484.
Lai T, Gao R, Li H, et al. (2020). Air distribution of oxygen supply through guardrail slot diffusers in high-altitude hypoxic areas. Building and Environment, 179: 106852.
Lee H, Awbi HB (2004). Effect of internal partitioning on indoor air quality of rooms with mixing ventilation—Basic study. Building and Environment, 39: 127–141.
Li Y, Liu Y (2014). Oxygen enrichment and its application to life support systems for workers in high-altitude areas. International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health, 20: 207–214.
Li Z, Li R, Xu Y, et al. (2020a). Study on the oxygen enrichment effect of individual oxygen-supply device in a tunnel of plateau mine. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17: 5934.
Li Z, Zhao S, Li R, et al. (2020b). Increasing oxygen mass fraction in blind headings of a plateau metal mine by oxygen supply duct design: A CFD modelling approach. Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2020: 8541909.
Li Z, Li R, Xu Y, et al. (2022a). Study on the optimization and oxygen-enrichment effect of ventilation scheme in a blind heading of plateau mine. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19: 8717.
Li Z, Wang J, Zhao S, et al. (2022b). The effect of oxygen supply and oxygen distribution on single-head tunnel with different altitudes under mixed ventilation. Indoor and Built Environment, 31: 972–987.
Liu Y, Song Z, Song C, et al. (2021). A novel point source oxygen supply method for sleeping environment improvement at high altitudes. Building Simulation, 14: 1843–1860.
Luo N, Li A, Gao R, et al. (2013a). An experiment and simulation of smoke confinement and exhaust efficiency utilizing a modified Opposite Double-Jet Air Curtain. Safety Science, 55: 17–25.
Luo N, Li A, Gao R, et al. (2013b). An experiment and simulation of smoke confinement utilizing an air curtain. Safety Science, 59: 10–18.
Mao N, Pan D, Chan M, et al. (2014). Experimental and numerical studies on the performance evaluation of a bed-based task/ambient air conditioning (TAC) system. Applied Energy, 136: 956–967.
Niu J, Gao N, Phoebe M, et al. (2007). Experimental study on a chair-based personalized ventilation system. Building and Environment, 42: 913–925.
Ochi G, Yamada Y, Hyodo K, et al. (2018). Neural basis for reduced executive performance with hypoxic exercise. NeuroImage, 171: 75–83.
Park J, Park S, Lee DK (2016). CFD modeling of ventilation ducts for improvement of air quality in closed mines. Geosystem Engineering, 19: 177–187.
Porras-Amores C, Mazarrón FR, Cañas I, et al. (2019). Natural ventilation analysis in an underground construction: CFD simulation and experimental validation. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 90: 162–173.
Shen G, Xie K, Yan Y, et al. (2012). The role of oxygen-increased respirator in humans ascending to high altitude. Biomedical Engineering Online, 11: 49.
Shen G, Wu X, Tang C, et al. (2013). An oxygen enrichment device for lowlanders ascending to high altitude. BioMedical Engineering OnLine, 12: 100.
Song C, Zhao T, Liu Y, et al. (2021). Distribution characteristics of indoor oxygen concentration under natural ventilation in oxygen-enriched buildings at high altitudes. Building Simulation, 14: 1823–1841.
Walsh JJ, Drouin PJ, King TJ, et al. (2020). Acute aerobic exercise impairs aspects of cognitive function at high altitude. Physiology & Behavior, 223: 112979.
Wang HY, Liu YS, Zhang CZ, et al. (2019a). Simulation of oxygen enrichment characteristics and effect in hypoxia air-conditioning room. Chinese Journal of Engineering, 41: 1061–1073. (in Chinese)
Wang M, Yan G, Yu L, et al. (2019b). Effects of different artificial oxygen-supply systems on migrants’ physical and psychological reactions in high-altitude tunnel construction. Building and Environment, 149: 458–467.
Wang W, Zhang C, Yang W, et al. (2019c). In situ measurements and CFD numerical simulations of thermal environment in blind headings of underground mines. Processes, 7: 313.
West JB (1999). Oxygen enrichment of room air to improve well-being and productivity at high altitude. International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health, 5: 187–193.
West JB (2002a). Commuting to high altitude: Value of oxygen enrichment of room air. High Altitude Medicine & Biology, 3: 223–235.
West JB (2002b). Potential use of oxygen enrichment of room air in mountain resorts. High Altitude Medicine & Biology, 3: 59–64.
West JB (2006). Completion of the railroad to Lhasa. High Altitude Medicine & Biology, 7: 263–264.
West JB (2008). A new approach to very-high-altitude land travel: The train to Lhasa, Tibet. Annals of Internal Medicine, 149: 898–900.
West JB (2015). A strategy for oxygen conditioning at high altitude: Comparison with air conditioning. Journal of Applied Physiology, 119: 719–723.
West JB (2016). Oxygen conditioning: A new technique for improving living and working at high altitude. Physiology, 31: 216–222.
Wu P, Yang F, Zheng J, et al. (2019). Evaluating the highway tunnel construction in western Sichuan Plateau considering vocational health and environment. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16: 4671.
Xing H, Hatton A, Awbi HB (2001). A study of the air quality in the breathing zone in a room with displacement ventilation. Building and Environment, 36: 809–820.
Xu Y, Li Z, Liu H, et al. (2020). A model for assessing the compound risk represented by spontaneous coal combustion and methane emission in a gob. Journal of Cleaner Production, 273: 122925.
Xu Y, Li Z, Chen Y, et al. (2022). Synergetic mining of geothermal energy in deep mines: An innovative method for heat hazard control. Applied Thermal Engineering, 210: 118398.
Yin S, Nie W, Liu Q, et al. (2019). Transient CFD modelling of spacetime evolution of dust pollutants and air-curtain generator position during tunneling. Journal of Cleaner Production, 239: 117924.
Yu S, Duan H, Cheng J (2021). An evaluation of the supply risk for China’s strategic metallic mineral resources. Resources Policy, 70: 101891.
Zhang Z, Yuan Y, Wang K, et al. (2016). Experimental investigation on Influencing Factors of air curtain systems barrier efficiency for mine refuge chamber. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 102: 534–546.
Zhang R, Bi H, Wang X (2017a). Study on the operation mode of air conditioning system for plateau passenger train. Procedia Engineering, 205: 2349–2356.
Zhang Z, Yuan Y, Wang K (2017b). Effects of number and layout of air purification devices in mine refuge chamber. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 105: 338–347.
Zhang CZ, Liu YS, Wang HY, et al. (2018). Oxygen enrichment characteristics of an enclosed architectural space under anoxic conditions. Chinese Journal of Engineering, 40: 1380–1388.
Zhang Z, Wu H, Wang K, et al. (2020). Air quality control in mine refuge chamber with ventilation through pressure air pipeline. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 135: 46–58.