Novel HBsAg markers tightly correlate with occult HBV infection and strongly affect HBsAg detection

Black, 1991, Development of hydrophobicity parameters to analyze proteins which bear post- or cotranslational modifications, Anal. Biochem., 193, 72, 10.1016/0003-2697(91)90045-U Blum, 1991, Naturally occurring missense mutation in the polymerase gene terminating hepatitis B virus replication, J. Virol., 65, 1836, 10.1128/jvi.65.4.1836-1842.1991 Brojer, 2006, Characterization of HBV DNA+/HBsAg- blood donors in Poland identified by triplex NAT, Hepatology, 44, 1666, 10.1002/hep.21413 Chaudhuri, 2004, Occult hepatitis B virus infection in chronic liver disease: full-length genome and analysis of mutant surface promoter, Gastroenterology, 127, 1356, 10.1053/j.gastro.2004.08.003 Dettori, 2009, Identification of low HBV-DNA levels by nucleic acid amplification test (NAT) in blood donors, J. Infect., 59, 128, 10.1016/j.jinf.2009.06.007 El Chaar, 2005, Impact of hepatitis B virus surface protein mutations on the diagnosis of occult hepatitis B virus infection, Hepatology, 52, 1600, 10.1002/hep.23886 Engels, 2010, Hepatitis B virus infection and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in South Korea: a cohort study, Lancet Oncol., 11, 827, 10.1016/S1470-2045(10)70167-4 Fang, 2009, Prevalence of occult hepatitis B virus infection among hepatopathy patients and healthy people in China, J. Infect., 58, 383, 10.1016/j.jinf.2009.02.013 Hoofnagle, 2009, Reactivation of hepatitis B, Hepatology, 49, S156, 10.1002/hep.22945 Hou, 2001, Prevalence of naturally occurring surface gene variants of hepatitis B virus in nonimmunized surface antigen-negative Chinese carriers, Hepatology, 34, 1027, 10.1053/jhep.2001.28708 Ito, 2010, Impairment of hepatitis B virus virion secretion by single-amino-acid substitutions in the small envelope protein and rescue by a novel glycosylation site, J. Virol., 84, 12850, 10.1128/JVI.01499-10 Katsoulidou, 2009, Molecular characterization of occult hepatitis B cases in Greek blood donors, J. Med. Virol., 81, 815, 10.1002/jmv.21499 Levast, 2010, Prevalence and impact of occult hepatitis B infection in chronic hepatitis C patients treated with pegylated interferon and ribavirin, J. Med. Virol., 82, 747, 10.1002/jmv.21695 Lou, 2011, An improved Abbott ARCHITECT((R)) assay for the detection of hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg), J. Clin. Virol., 51, 59, 10.1016/j.jcv.2011.01.019 Neumann, 2010, Novel mechanism of antibodies to hepatitis B virus in blocking viral particle release from cells, Hepatology, 52, 875, 10.1002/hep.23778 Raimondo, 2010, A 2010 update on occult hepatitis B infection, Pathol. Biol. (Paris), 58, 254, 10.1016/j.patbio.2010.02.003 Raimondo, 2008, Statements from the Taormina expert meeting on occult hepatitis B virus infection, J. Hepatol., 49, 652, 10.1016/j.jhep.2008.07.014 Salisse, 2009, A function essential to viral entry underlies the hepatitis B virus “a” determinant, J. Virol., 83, 9321, 10.1128/JVI.00678-09 Roy, 2010, A unified platform for automated protein structure and function prediction, Nat. Protoc., 5, 725, 10.1038/nprot.2010.5 Svicher, 2009, The profile of mutational clusters associated with lamivudine resistance can be constrained by HBV genotypes, J. Hepatol., 50, 461, 10.1016/j.jhep.2008.07.038 Tamura, K., Peterson, D., Peterson, N., Stecher, G., Nei, M., Kumar, S., 2011. MEGA5 2011: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods. Molecular Biology and Evolution. Tian, 2010, Hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen interacts with and promotes cyclophilin a secretion: possible link to pathogenesis of HBV infection, J. Virol., 84, 3373, 10.1128/JVI.02555-09 Torresi, 2002, The virological and clinical significance of mutations in the overlapping envelope and polymerase genes of hepatitis B virus, J. Clin. Virol., 25, 97, 10.1016/S1386-6532(02)00049-5 van Hemert, 2008, Occult hepatitis B infection: an evolutionary scenario, Virol. J., 146, 1743 Velati, 2008, Impact of nucleic acid testing for hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus on the safety of blood supply in Italy: a 6-year survey, Transfusion, 48, 2205, 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2008.01813.x Vivekanandan, 2008, Comprehensive genetic and epigenetic analysis of occult hepatitis B from liver tissue samples, Clin. Infect. Dis., 46, 1227, 10.1086/529437 Wu, 2010, Biological significance of amino acid substitutions in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) for glycosylation, secretion, antigenicity and immunogenicity of HBsAg and hepatitis B virus replication, J. Gen. Virol., 91, 483, 10.1099/vir.0.012740-0 Weinberger, 1999, A novel deletion mutant of hepatitis B virus surface antigen, J. Med. Virol., 58, 105, 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9071(199906)58:2<105::AID-JMV1>3.0.CO;2-3 Yang, 2007, PAML 4: phylogenetic analysis by maximum likelihood, Mol. Biol. Evol., 24, 1586, 10.1093/molbev/msm088 Yuan, 2010, Molecular characteristics of occult hepatitis B virus from blood donors in southeast China, J. Clin. Microbiol., 48, 357, 10.1128/JCM.01781-09 Zaaijer, 2008, Multiple surface antigen mutations in five blood donors with occult hepatitis B virus infection, J. Med. Virol., 80, 1344, 10.1002/jmv.21233 Zhang, 2010, Detecting and understanding combinatorial mutation patterns responsible for HIV drug resistance, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 107, 1321, 10.1073/pnas.0907304107