Norepinephrine does not alter NPY and POMC mRNA expression in neonatal chicks

Bai, 1984, An arcuato-paraventricular and -dorsomedial hypothalamic neuropeptide Y-containing system which lacks noradrenaline in the rat, Brain Res., 331, 172, 10.1016/0006-8993(85)90730-9 Bitran, 1999, Neuropeptide Y induced inhibition of noradrenaline release in rat hypothalamus: role of receptor subtype and nitric oxide, Brain Res., 851, 87, 10.1016/S0006-8993(99)02123-X Bungo, 1999, Induction of food intake by a noradrenergic system using clonidine and fusaric acid in the neonatal chick, Brain Res., 826, 313, 10.1016/S0006-8993(99)01299-8 Bungo, 2001, Intracerebroventricular injection of fusaric acid attenuates the anorexia by glucagon-like peptide 1 in the neonatal chick, Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav., 70, 251, 10.1016/S0091-3057(01)00613-X Boswell, 2005, Regulation of Energy Balance in Birds by the Neuroendocrine Hypothalamus, J. Poult. Sci., 42, 161, 10.2141/jpsa.42.161 Chang, 1996, Activation of αl-adrenoceptors to lower cerebrocortical neuropeptide Y (NPY)-like immunoreactivity in rats receiving pargyline treatment, Neurosci. Lett., 218, 161, 10.1016/S0304-3940(96)13142-6 Davis, 1978, Autoradiographic distribution of l-proline in chicks after intracerebral injection, Physiol. Behav., 22, 693, 10.1016/0031-9384(79)90233-6 Denbow, 1983, Feeding, drinking and body temperature of Leghorn chicks: effects of ICV injections of biogenic amines, Physiol. Behav., 31, 85, 10.1016/0031-9384(83)90100-2 Denbow, 1993, Food and water intake responses of the domestic fowl to norepinephrine infusion at circumscribed neural sites, Brain Res. Bull., 31, 121, 10.1016/0361-9230(93)90018-7 Everitt, 1984, Differential co-existence of neuropeptide Y (NPY)-like immunoreactivity with catecholamines in the central nervous system of the rat, Neuroscience, 11, 443, 10.1016/0306-4522(84)90036-8 Gerets, 2000, Sequence and distribution of pro-opiomelanocortin in the pituitary and the brain of the chicken (Gallus gallus), J. Comp. Neurol., 417, 250, 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(20000207)417:2<250::AID-CNE9>3.0.CO;2-Z Gonzalez, 1996, α-Melanocyto-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), and melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) modify monoaminergic levels in the pre-optic area of the rat, Peptides, 18, 387, 10.1016/S0196-9781(96)00337-3 Hastings, 1997, Neuropeptide Y and [Leu31, Pro34] neuropeptide Y potentiate potassium-induced noradrenaline release in the paraventricular nucleus of the aged rat, Brain Res., 750, 301, 10.1016/S0006-8993(96)01475-8 Hastings, 2001, NPY Y1 receptors exert opposite effects on corticotropin releasing factor and noradrenaline overflow from the rat hypothalamus in vitro, Brain Res., 890, 32, 10.1016/S0006-8993(00)02874-2 Hastings, 2004, NPY and NPY Y1 receptor effects on noradrenaline overflow from the rat brain in vitro, Regul. Pept., 120, 107, 10.1016/j.regpep.2004.02.015 Illes, 1990, Interaction between neuropeptide Y and noradrenaline on central catecholamine neurons, Nature, 344, 62, 10.1038/344062a0 Kalra, 1997, Appetite and body weight regulation: is it all in the brain?, Neuron, 19, 227, 10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80934-4 Kalra, 1997, Evidence that dark-phase hyperphagia induced by neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine may be due to decreased leptin and increased neuropeptide Y signaling, Physiol. Behav., 63, 829, 10.1016/S0031-9384(97)00545-3 Kameda, 2001, Localization of neuropeptide Y mRNA and peptide in the chicken hypothalamus and their alterations after food deprivation, dehydration, and castration, J. Comp. Neurol., 436, 376, 10.1002/cne.1074 Kawakami, 2000, Central injection of α-melanocyte stimulating hormone inhibits fasting- and neuropeptide Y- induced feeding in neonatal chicks, Eur. J. Pharmacol., 398, 361, 10.1016/S0014-2999(00)00344-7 Kuenzel, 1978 Kuenzel, 1987, Robust feeding following central administration of neuropeptide Y or peptide YY in Chicks, Gallus domesticus, Peptides, 8, 823, 10.1016/0196-9781(87)90066-0 Leibowitz, 1977, Paraventricular nucleus: a primary site mediating adrenergic stimulation of feeding and drinking, Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav., 8, 163, 10.1016/0091-3057(78)90333-7 Leibowitz, 1988, Hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus: interaction between α 2-noradrenergic system and circulating hormones and nutrients in relation to energy balance, Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev., 12, 101, 10.1016/S0149-7634(88)80002-2 McCormack, 1988, Feeding, drinking and temperature response to intracerebroventricular β-endorphin in the domestic fowl, Peptides, 9, 709, 10.1016/0196-9781(88)90110-6 Morien, 1993, Effects on food and water intake of the αl-adrenoceptor agonists amidpherine and SK&F-89748, Life Sci., 53, 169, 10.1016/0024-3205(93)90664-O Myers, 1996, Neuropeptide Y perfused in the preoptic area of rats shifts extracellular efflux of dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin during hypothermia and feeding, Neurochem. Res., 21, 637, 10.1007/BF02527719 Pavia, 1995, Neuropeptide Y potentiation of potassium-induced noradrenaline release in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus of the rat in vivo, Brain Res., 690, 108, 10.1016/0006-8993(95)00594-G Saito, 2005, Inhibitory effect of ghrelin on food intake is mediated by the corticotropin-releasing factor system in neonatal chicks, Regul. Pept., 125, 201, 10.1016/j.regpep.2004.09.003 Saito, 2004, Differences in catecholamine metabolism and behaviour in neonatal broiler and layer chicks, Br. Poult. Sci., 45, 158, 10.1080/00071660410001715740 Scimonelli, 2000, Interaction of α-melanotropin (α-MSH) and noradrenaline in the median eminence in the control of female sexual behavior, Peptides, 21, 219, 10.1016/S0196-9781(99)00191-6 Seeley, 2004, The critical role of the melanocortin system in the control of energy balance, Annu. Rev. Nutr., 24, 133, 10.1146/annurev.nutr.24.012003.132428 Shiraishi, 2007, Central insulin suppresses feeding behavior via melanocortins in chicks, Domest. Anim. Endocrinol., 34, 223, 10.1016/j.domaniend.2007.05.002 Steinman, 1987, The effects of adrenergic, opioid and pancreatic polypeptidergic compounds on feeding and other behaviors in neonatal leghorn chicks, Peptides, 8, 585, 10.1016/0196-9781(87)90029-5 Tachibana, 2001, Feeding increases 5-hydroxytryptamine and norepinephrine within the hypothalamus of chicks, Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A, 130, 715, 10.1016/S1095-6433(01)00403-2 Tachibana, 2009, Role of adrenergic alpha-2-receptors on feeding behavior in layer-type chicks, Gen. Comp. Endocrinol., 161, 407, 10.1016/j.ygcen.2009.02.006 Tatemoto, 1982, Neuropeptide Y—a novel brain peptide with structural similarities to Peptide YY and pancreatic polypeptide, Nature, 296, 659, 10.1038/296659a0 Tatemoto, 1982, Neuropeptide Y: complete amino acid sequence of the brain peptide, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 79, 5485, 10.1073/pnas.79.18.5485 Wang, 2001, The distribution of neuropeptide Y gene expression in the chicken brain, Mol. Cell. Endocrinol., 174, 129, 10.1016/S0303-7207(00)00436-6 Wellman, 2000, Norepinephrine and the control of food intake, Nutrition, 16, 837, 10.1016/S0899-9007(00)00415-9