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Norepinephrine và sự bốc đồng: tác động của yohimbine cấp tính
Tóm tắt
Sự bốc đồng phản ứng nhanh, đặc trưng bởi khả năng không kiềm chế phản ứng trước một kích thích cho đến khi nó được đánh giá đầy đủ, có liên quan đến hành vi mạo hiểm và có thể tăng lên theo trạng thái phụ thuộc vào norepinephrine. Chúng tôi đã đánh giá tác động của yohimbine, chất làm tăng sự giải phóng norepinephrine bằng cách chặn thụ thể noradrenergic alpha-2, đối với các metabolite catecholamine trong huyết tương, huyết áp, triệu chứng chủ quan và sự bốc đồng phản ứng nhanh được đo trong phòng thí nghiệm. Các đối tượng thí nghiệm là 23 người khỏe mạnh được tuyển chọn từ cộng đồng, có kết quả khám sức khỏe và điện tâm đồ bình thường, không có tiền sử bệnh tăng huyết áp, bệnh tim mạch và bệnh tâm thần theo trục I hoặc II. Huyết áp, nhịp tim và các chỉ số hành vi được thu thập trước và định kỳ sau khi dùng 0,4 mg/kg yohimbine hoặc giả dược theo thiết kế ngẫu nhiên và yêu cầu cân bằng. Các metabolite của norepinephrine [3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) và vanillylmandelic acid (VMA)] và dopamine [homovanillic acid (HVA)] được đo bằng phương pháp sắc ký lỏng áp lực cao với phát hiện điện hóa. Sự bốc đồng phản ứng nhanh được đo bằng số lỗi ấn nút không đúng và thời gian phản ứng trong bài kiểm tra trí nhớ ngay lập tức (IMT), một bài kiểm tra hiệu suất liên tục được thiết kế để đo sự bốc đồng và sự chú ý. Yohimbine làm tăng nồng độ MHPG và VMA trong huyết tương nhưng không làm tăng HVA. Yohimbine cũng làm tăng huyết áp tâm thu và tâm trương cũng như nhịp tim. Trong IMT, yohimbine làm tăng số lỗi bốc đồng và độ thiên lệch phản ứng bốc đồng, đồng thời tăng tốc thời gian phản ứng. Sự tăng nồng độ MHPG trong huyết tương liên quan tích cực với tỷ lệ phản ứng bốc đồng tăng. Các thời khung thời gian thay đổi; ảnh hưởng đến huyết áp thường xuất hiện trước những tác động đối với các metabolite và hiệu suất bài kiểm tra. Những tác động này nhất quán với sự bốc đồng phản ứng nhanh tăng lên sau khi kích thích noradrenergic dược lý ở những người khỏe mạnh. Phản ứng noradrenergic không ổn định, hoặc sự nhạy cảm gia tăng đối với norepinephrine, có thể làm tăng nguy cơ hành vi bốc đồng.
Từ khóa
#norepinephrine #yohimbine #bốc đồng phản ứng nhanh #hành vi mạo hiểm #hormon catecholamineTài liệu tham khảo
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