Non-genetic linkage of personality traits and the divergence of Eastern and Western cultures: association with Hofstede’s cultural dimensions
Tóm tắt
The divergence of Eastern and Western cultures signifies the two opposite, major branches that developed during human cultural evolution. While socioeconomic, historical, and geographical factors are thought to be responsible for this divergence, genetic factors may also contribute to the separation of Eastern and Western cultures. In an attempt to describe a potential biological basis for the differences between “Easterners” and “Westerners”, SNPs that were associated with personality/behavioral traits, were interrogated in different populations worldwide. For some but not all SNPs examined, a high correlation in their allelic frequencies in different racial groups was detected. Those that exhibited the highest difference in allelic frequencies between East Asians and European ancestry populations, were all highly correlated in pairwise comparisons and corresponded to traits that are aligned with typical characteristics that are thought to underscore Western and Eastern cultures. Genetic loci associated with these SNPs included CTNNA2 (rs7600563), OXTR (rs53576) LINC00461 (rs3814424) MTMR9 (rs2164273) and WSCD2 (rs1426371) that have been linked to excitement seeking, empathy, the perception of loneliness, conscientiousness, and extraversion. Among them, variations especially in LINC00461 in different populations correlated significantly with Hofstede’s cultural dimensions indices of the different countries. These findings highlight the potential role of genetic factors in cultural evolution and suggest that genetic differences may contribute to the divergence of Eastern and Western cultures.
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