Nocturnal singing in a temperate bird community

We quantified nocturnal vocal behaviour in a North American temperate mixed-forest community using automated recording. We recorded for 2–4 nights at 32 locations and identified 18 species singing at dawn or dusk. Of those 18 species, only two sang at night (White-throated Sparrow, Zonotrichia albicollis, and Ovenbird, Seiurus aurocapilla). We show that automated recording is a useful tool for studying nocturnal vocalisations.