New insights into the functions of the superior temporal cortex

Nature Reviews Neuroscience - Tập 2 Số 8 - Trang 568-576 - 2001
Hans‐Otto Karnath1
1Department of Cognitive Neurology, University of Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Luh, K. E., Butter, C. M. & Buchtel, H. A. Impairments in orienting to visual stimuli in monkeys following unilateral lesions of the superior sulcal polysensory cortex. Neuropsychologia 24, 461–470 (1986).

Watson, R. T., Valenstein, E., Day, A. & Heilman, K. M. Posterior neocortical systems subserving awareness and neglect. Neglect associated with superior temporal sulcus but not area 7 lesions. Arch. Neurol. 51, 1014–1021 (1994).

Karnath, H.-O., Ferber, S. & Himmelbach, M. Spatial awareness is a function of the temporal not the posterior parietal lobe. Nature 411, 950–953 (2001).

Karnath, H.-O., Niemeier, M. & Dichgans, J. Space exploration in neglect. Brain 121, 2357–2367 (1998).

Karnath, H.-O. & Perenin, M.-T. Tactile exploration of peripersonal space in patients with neglect. Neuroreport 9, 2273–2277 (1998).

Heilman, K. M., Watson, R. T., Valenstein, E. & Damasio, A. R. in Localization in Neuropsychology (ed. Kertesz, A.) 471–492 (Academic Press, New York, 1983).

Vallar, G. & Perani, D. The anatomy of unilateral neglect after right-hemisphere stroke lesions. A clinical/CT-scan correlation study in man. Neuropsychologia 24, 609–622 (1986).

Perenin, M. T. in Parietal Lobe Contributions to Orientation in 3D Space (eds Thier, P. & Karnath, H.-O.) 289–308 (Springer, Heidelberg, 1997).

Samuelsson, H., Jensen, C., Ekholm, S., Naver, H. & Blomstrand, C. Anatomical and neurological correlates of acute and chronic visuospatial neglect following right hemisphere stroke. Cortex 33, 271–285 (1997).

Leibovitch, F. S. et al. Brain–behavior correlations in hemispatial neglect using CT and SPECT. The Sunnybrook Stroke Study. Neurology 50, 901–908 (1998).

Leibovitch, F. S. et al. Brain SPECT imaging and left hemispatial neglect covaried using partial least squares: the Sunnybrook Stroke Study. Hum. Brain Mapp. 7, 244–253 (1999).

Husain, M. & Kennard, C. Visual neglect associated with frontal lobe infarction. J. Neurol. 243, 652–657 (1996).

Heilman, K. M. & Valenstein, E. Auditory neglect in man. Arch. Neurol. 26, 32–35 (1972).

Klatka, L. A., Depper, M. H. & Marini, A. M. Infarction in the territory of the anterior cerebral artery. Neurology 51, 620–622 (1998).

Milner, A. D. in Neurophysiological and Neuropsychological Aspects of Spatial Neglect (ed. Jeannerod, M.) 259–288 (Elsevier, North-Holland, 1987).

Wardak, C., Olivier, E. & Duhamel, J.-R. in The Cognitive and Neural Bases of Spatial Neglect (eds Karnath, H.-O., Milner, A. D & Vallar, G.) (Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford, in the press).

Roland, P. E. The posterior parietal association cortex in man. Behav. Brain Sci. 3, 513–514 (1980).

Jones, E. G. & Powell, T. P. S. An anatomical study of converging sensory pathways within the cerebral cortex of the monkey. Brain 93, 793–820 (1970).

Milner, A. D. & Goodale, M. A. The Visual Brain in Action (Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford, 1995).

Karnath, H.-O., Himmelbach, M. & Rorden, C. The subcortical anatomy of human spatial awareness. Behav. Pharmacol. (in the press).

Petersen, S. E., Robinson, D. L. & Morris, J. D. Contributions of the pulvinar to visual spatial attention. Neuropsychologia 25, 97–105 (1987).

Yeterian, E. H. & Pandya, D. N. Corticostriatal connections of the superior temporal region in rhesus monkeys. J. Comp. Neurol. 399, 384–402 (1998).

Jones, E. G. The Thalamus (Plenum, New York, 1985).

Burton, H. & Jones, E. G. The posterior thalamic region and its cortical projection in New World and Old World monkeys. J. Comp. Neurol. 168, 249–301 (1976).

Eidelberg, D. & Galaburda, A. M. Symmetry and asymmetry in the human posterior thalamus. I. Cytoarchitectonic analysis in normal persons. Arch. Neurol. 39, 325–332 (1982).

Chakraborty, S. & Thier, P. A distributed neuronal substrate of perceptual stability during smooth-pursuit eye movements in the monkey. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 26, 674 (2000).

Grüsser, O.-J., Pause, M. & Schreiter, U. Localization and responses of neurons in the parieto-insular cortex of awake monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). J. Physiol. (Lond.) 430, 537–557 (1990).

Grüsser, O.-J., Pause, M. & Schreiter, U. Vestibular neurons in the parieto-insular cortex of monkeys (Macaca fascicularis): visual and neck receptor responses. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 430, 559–583 (1990).

Ungerleider, L. G. & Mishkin, M. in Analysis of Visual Behavior (eds Ingle, D. J., Goodale, M. A. & Mansfield, R. J. W.) 549–586 (MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1982).

Ungerleider, L. G. & Haxby, J. V. 'What' and 'where' in the human brain. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 4, 157–165 (1994).

Bruce, C., Desimone, R. & Gross, C. G. Visual properties of neurons in a polysensory area in superior temporal sulcus of the maquaque. J. Neurophysiol. 46, 369–384 (1981).

Seltzer, B. & Pandya, D. N. Afferent cortical connections and architectonics of the superior temporal sulcus and surrounding cortex in the rhesus monkey. Brain Res. 149, 1–24 (1978).

Seltzer, B. & Pandya, D. N. Parietal, temporal and occipital projections to cortex of the superior temporal sulcus in the rhesus monkey: a retrograde tracer study. J. Comp. Neurol. 343, 445–463 (1994).

Felleman, D. J. & Van Essen, D. C. Distributed hierarchical processing in the primate cerebral cortex. Cereb. Cortex 1, 1–47 (1991).

Morel, A. & Bullier, J. Anatomical segregation of two cortical visual pathways in the macaque monkey. Vis. Neurosci. 4, 555–578 (1990).

Baizer, J. S., Ungerleider, L. G. & Desimone, R. Organization of visual inputs to the inferior temporal and posterior parietal cortex in macaques. J. Neurosci. 11, 168–190 (1991).

Desimone, R. & Gross, C. G. Visual areas in the temporal cortex of the macaque. Brain Res. 178, 363–380 (1979).

Ó Scalaidhe, S. P., Albright, T. D., Rodman, H. R. & Gross, C. G. Effects of superior temporal polysensory area lesions on eye movements in the macaque monkey. J. Neurophysiol. 73, 1–19 (1995).The first study to investigate the behavioural effects of lesions confined to the STP in monkeys. Saccade latency was found to be increased for orienting to contralesional targets, whereas responses towards ipsilesional targets were unaffected.

Perrett, D. I. et al. Visual cells in the temporal cortex sensitive to face view and gaze direction. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 223, 293–317 (1985).

Perrett, D. I. et al. Viewer-centred and object-centred coding of heads in the macaque temporal cortex. Exp. Brain Res. 86, 159–173 (1991).

Baylis, G. C., Rolls, E. T. & Leonard, C. M. Functional subdivisions of the temporal lobe neocortex. J. Neurosci. 7, 330–342 (1987).

Campbell, R., Heywood, C. A., Cowey, A., Regard, M. & Landis, T. Sensitivity to eye gaze in prosopagnosic patients and monkeys with superior temporal sulcus ablation. Neuropsychologia 28, 1123–1142 (1990).

Eacott, M. J., Heywood, C. A., Gross, C. G. & Cowey, A. Visual discrimination impairments following lesions of the superior temporal sulcus are not specific for facial stimuli. Neuropsychologia 31, 609–619 (1993).

Perrett, D. I., Oram, M. W., Hietanen, J. K. & Benson, P. J. in The Neuropsychology of High-Level Vision (eds Farah, M. J. & Ratcliff, G.) 33–61 (Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, New Jersey, 1994).

Young, M. P. Objective analysis of the topological organization of the primate cortical visual system. Nature 358, 152–155 (1992).

Oram, M. W. & Perrett, D. I. Integration of form and motion in the anterior superior temporal polysensory area (STPa) of the macaque monkey. J. Neurophysiol. 76, 109–129 (1996).Functional evidence is reported that information from the dorsal and ventral systems converge in the superior temporal polysensory area at the single-unit level, providing a conjoint representation of object identity and direction of motion.

Vaina, L. M., Cowey, A., Eskew, R. T. Jr, LeMay, M. & Kemper, T. Regional cerebral correlates of global motion perception: evidence from unilateral cerebral brain damage. Brain 124, 310–321 (2001).

Farah, M. J. & Buxbaum, L. J. in Parietal Lobe Contributions to Orientation in 3D Space (eds Thier, P. & Karnath, H.-O.) 385–400 (Springer, Heidelberg, 1997).

Driver, J. in The Hippocampal and Parietal Foundations of Spatial Cognition (eds Burgess, N., Jeffery, K. J. & O'Keefe, J.) 67–89 (Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford, 1999).A review and analysis of 'object-centred' and egocentric effects in patients with spatial neglect. It is suggested that the pathological egocentric bias produced by the lesion that leads to neglect can be superimposed on relatively preserved visual object-segmentation processes.

Niemeier, M. & Karnath, H.-O. in The Cognitive and Neural Bases of Spatial Neglect (eds Karnath, H.-O., Milner, A. D. & Vallar, G.) (Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford, in the press).

Mesulam, M.-M. in Principles of Behavioral Neurology (ed. Mesulam, M.-M.) 125–168 (F. A. Davis Co., Philadelphia, 1985).

Binder, J. The new neuroanatomy of speech perception. Brain 123, 2371–2372 (2000).

Wise, R. J. S. et al. Separate neural subsystems within 'Wernicke's area'. Brain 124, 83–95 (2001).

Boatman, D., Lesser, R. P. & Gordon, B. Auditory speech processing in the left temporal lobe: an electrical interference study. Brain Lang. 51, 269–290 (1995).

Kreisler, A. et al. The anatomy of aphasia revisited. Neurology 54, 1117–1123 (2000).

Kaas, J. H. & Hackett, T. A. Subdivisions of auditory cortex and processing streams in primates. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 97, 11793–11799 (2000).

Rauschecker, J. P., Tian, B. & Hauser, M. Processing of complex sounds in the macaque nonprimary auditory cortex. Science 268, 111–114 (1995).Single-unit recordings in the superior temporal gyrus of the rhesus monkey revealed neurons showing preferences for vocalizations from the monkeys' own repertoire (species-specific communication calls).

Tian, B., Reser, D., Durham, A., Kustov, A. & Rauschecker, J. P. Functional specialization in rhesus monkey auditory cortex. Science 292, 290–293 (2001).

Hackett, T. A., Stepniewska, I. & Kaas, J. H. Prefrontal connections of the parabelt auditory cortex in macaque monkeys. Brain Res. 817, 45–58 (1999).

Romanski, L. M., Bates, J. F. & Goldman-Rakic, P. S. Auditory belt and parabelt projections to the prefrontal cortex in the rhesus monkey. J. Comp. Neurol. 403, 141–157 (1999).

Rauschecker, J. P. & Tian, B. Mechanisms and streams for processing of 'what' and 'where' in auditory cortex. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 97, 11800–11806 (2000).

Darling, W. G., Rizzo, M. & Butler, A. J. Disordered sensorimotor transformations for reaching following posterior cortical lesions. Neuropsychologia 39, 237–254 (2001).The study shows that lesions of right and of left inferior parietal lobe with and without neglect can impair patients' reaching movements with both hands to remembered visual targets.

Lacquaniti, F. et al. Visuomotor transformations for reaching to memorized targets: a PET study. Neuroimage 5, 129–146 (1997).

Milner, A. D., Paulignan, Y., Dijkerman, H. C., Michel, F. & Jeannerod, M. A paradoxical improvement of misreaching in optic ataxia: new evidence for two separate neural systems for visual localization. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 266, 2225–2229 (1999).The study elegantly dissociates different visuomotor defects in a patient with Bálint's syndrome, supporting the idea of two systems for spatial representation in the brain, one for immediate guidance of actions, the other for longer-term coding of spatial relationships.

Milner, A. D. & Dijkerman, H. C. in Comparative Neuropsychology (ed. Milner, A. D.) 70–94 (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1998).

Rafal, R. in Handbook of Neuropsychology 2nd edn, Vol. 4 (ed. Behrmann, M.) 121–141 (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2001).

Rubens, A. B. Caloric stimulation and unilateral visual neglect. Neurology 35, 1019–1024 (1985).

Pizzamiglio, L., Frasca, R., Guariglia, C., Incoccia, C. & Antonucci, G. Effect of optokinetic stimulation in patients with visual neglect. Cortex 26, 535–540 (1990).

Karnath, H.-O., Christ, K. & Hartje, W. Decrease of contralateral neglect by neck muscle vibration and spatial orientation of trunk midline. Brain 116, 383–396 (1993).

McCulloch, W. S. The functional organization of the cerebral cortex. Physiol. Rev. 24, 390–407 (1944).

Denny-Brown, D. & Chambers, R. A. The parietal lobes and behavior. Res. Publ. Assoc. Res. Nerv. Ment. Dis. 36, 35–117 (1958).

Ettlinger, G. & Kalsbeck, J. E. Changes in tactile discrimination and in visual reaching after successive and simultaneous bilateral posterior parietal ablations in the monkey. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 25, 256–268 (1962).

Lamotte, R. H. & Acuna, C. Deficits in accuracy of reaching after removal of posterior parietal cortex in monkeys. Brain Res. 139, 309–326 (1978).

Faugier-Grimaud, S., Frenois, C. & Stein, D. G. Effects of posterior parietal lesions on visually guided behavior in monkeys. Neuropsychologia 16, 151–168 (1978).

Stein, J. in Active touch (ed. Gordon, G.) 79–90 (Pergamon, Oxford, 1978).An elegant study comparing the effects of reversible inactivation of the inferior and superior parietal lobules in the same monkeys using a technique that allowed separate cooling of areas 5 versus 7.

Jakobson, L. S., Archibald, Y. M., Carey, D. P. & Goodale, M. A. A kinematic analysis of reaching and grasping movements in a patient recovering from optic ataxia. Neuropsychologia 29, 803–808 (1991).

Mattingley, J. B., Husain, M., Rorden, C., Kennard, C. & Driver, J. Motor role of human inferior parietal lobe revealed in unilateral neglect patients. Nature 392, 179–182 (1998).

Karnath, H.-O., Dick, H. & Konczak, J. Kinematics of goal-directed arm movements in neglect: control of hand in space. Neuropsychologia 35, 435–444 (1997).

Jackson, S. R., Newport, R., Husain, M., Harvey, M. & Hindle, J. V. Reaching movements may reveal the distorted topography of spatial representations after neglect. Neuropsychologia 38, 500–507 (2000).