Viêm thần kinh và Sẹo Sau Chấn Thương Tủy sống: Vai trò điều trị của tế bào tiêu bản trung mô trong viêm và sẹo glia

Qi-Ming Pang1,2, Siyu Chen2, Qi-Jing Xu3, Sheng-Ping Fu1,2, Yi-Chun Yang2, Wang-Hui Zou2, Meng Zhang2, Juan Liu2, Wei-Hong Wan2, Jiachen Peng1, Tao Zhang2
1Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
2Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering of Guizhou Province and Regenerative Medicine Centre, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
3Department of Human Anatomy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China

Tóm tắt

Các sợi thần kinh bị cắt đứt không thể tái sinh sau khi bị chấn thương tủy sống (SCI). Sẹo glia được cho là nguyên nhân dẫn đến sự thất bại này. Việc điều chỉnh sự hình thành của sẹo glia sau SCI có thể góp phần vào việc tái sinh các sợi thần kinh. Trong vài thập kỷ qua, các nghiên cứu đã phát hiện rằng sự tương tác giữa các tế bào miễn dịch tại vị trí bị thương dẫn đến một phản ứng viêm mạnh mẽ và kéo dài. Các chiến lược điều trị hiện tại chủ yếu tập trung vào việc ức chế viêm thần kinh bán cấp và mạn tính sau khi phản ứng viêm cấp tính đã được thực hiện. Những bằng chứng ngày càng tăng đã chứng minh rằng việc cấy ghép tế bào gốc trung mô (MSCs) có thể là một liệu pháp tế bào đầy hứa hẹn cho SCI. Nhiều nghiên cứu đã chỉ ra rằng việc cấy ghép MSCs có thể ức chế sự hình thành sẹo glia quá mức cũng như phản ứng viêm, từ đó tạo điều kiện cho việc phục hồi về mặt giải phẫu và chức năng. Ở đây, chúng tôi sẽ xem xét các tác động của phản ứng viêm và sự hình thành sẹo glia trong chấn thương tủy sống và quá trình sửa chữa. Vai trò của MSCs trong việc điều chỉnh viêm thần kinh và sự hình thành sẹo glia sau SCI cũng sẽ được xem xét.

Từ khóa

#chấn thương tủy sống #tế bào gốc trung mô #viêm thần kinh #sẹo glia #phục hồi chức năng

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