Neurogenic and Nonneurogenic Pain and Inflammatory Mediators

Beck, 1974, Bradykinin and serotonin effects of various types of cutaneous nerve fibres, Pflugers Arch, 347, 209, 10.1007/BF00592598 Bessou, 1969, Response of cutaneous sensory units with unmyelinated fibers to noxious stimuli, J Neurophysiol, 32, 1025, 10.1152/jn.1969.32.6.1025 Bogduk, 1987 Brain, 1985, Calcitoningene-related peptide is a potent vasodilatory, Nature, 313, 54, 10.1038/313054a0 Campbell, 1979, Sensitization of myelinated nociceptive afferents that innervate monkey hand, J Neurophysiol, 42, 1669, 10.1152/jn.1979.42.6.1669 Carlton, 1987, A light and electron microscopic level analysis of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the spinal cord of the primate: An immunohistochemical study, Neurosci Lett, 82, 145, 10.1016/0304-3940(87)90119-4 Chahl, 1977, The effects of bradykinin andprostaglandin El on rat cutaneous afferent nerve activity, Br J Pharmacol, 59, 343, 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1977.tb07498.x Dale, 1935, Pharmacology and nerve endings, Proc R Soc Med Ther, 18, 319 Dalsgaard, 1982, Coexistence of cholecystokinin and substance P-like peptides in neurons of the dorsal root ganglia of the rat, Neurosci Lett, 33, 159, 10.1016/0304-3940(82)90244-0 Ferreira, 1972, Prostaglandins, aspirin-like drugs and analgesia, Nature [New Biol], 240, 200, 10.1038/newbio240200a0 Ford-Hutchinson, 1980, Leukotriene B, a potent chemokinetic and aggregating substance released from polymorphonuclear leukocytes, Nature, 286, 264, 10.1038/286264a0 Franco-Cerceda, 1987, Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in capsaicin-sensitive substance P-immunoreactive sensory neurons in animals and man: Distribution and release by capsaicin, Peptides, 8, 300 Fuxe, 1983, Neurosci Lett, 37, 17, 10.1016/0304-3940(83)90498-6 Gibbins, 1987, Pathway-specific patterns of the co-existence of substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide, cholecystokinin and dynorphin in neurons of the dorsal root ganglia of the guinea pig, Cell Tissue Res, 148, 417 Gibson, 1984, Calcitonin gene-related peptide immunoreactivity in the spinal cord of man and of eight other species, J Neurosci, 4, 3101, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.04-12-03101.1984 Gibson, 1981, The distribution of nine peptides in rat spinal cord with special emphasis on the substantia gelantinosa and on the area around the central canal (lamina X), J Comp Neurol, 201, 65, 10.1002/cne.902010106 Giles, 1987, Innervation of lumbar zygapophyseal joint synovial folds, Acta Orthop Scand, 58, 43, 10.3109/17453678709146341 Grônblad, 1988, Neuroanatomical basis for pain reception in joint disease. XXII Scandinavian Congress of Rheumatology, Reykjavik, Iceland [abstract], Scand J Rheumatol (suppl), 72, 39 Gronblad, 1988, Neuropeptides in synovium of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, J Rheumatol, 15, 1807 Handwerker, 1976, Influences of algogenic substances and prostaglandins on the discharges of unmyelinated cutaneous nerve fibers identified as nociceptors Hirsch, 1963, The anatomical basis for low back pain, Acta Orthop Scand, 33, 2, 10.3109/17453676308999829 Hiss, 1976, Evidence for the existence of different receptor sites for algesic agents at the endings of muscular group IV afferent units, Pflugers Arch, 361, 141, 10.1007/BF00583640 Hôkfelt, 1976, Immunohistochemical evidence for separate populations of somatostatin-containing and substance P-containing primary afferent neurons in the rat, Neuroscience, 1, 131, 10.1016/0306-4522(76)90008-7 Howe, 1980, Impulses reflected from dorsal root ganglia and from focal nerve injuries, Brain Res, 116, 139, 10.1016/0006-8993(76)90255-9 Ikara, 1954, A study of the mechanisms of low back pain. The neurohistochemical examination of disease, J Bone Joint Surg [Am], 36, 195 Jackson, 1966, Nerve endings in the human lumbar spinal column and related structures, J Bone Joint Surg [Am], 48, 1271, 10.2106/00004623-196648070-00002 Kanaka, 1985, Activation of fine articular afferent units by bradykinin, Brain Res, 327, 81, 10.1016/0006-8993(85)91501-X Keele, 1964 Khan, 1986, Bradykinin sensitizes nociceptors to heat stimuli, Soc Neurosci Abstr, 12, 219 Konttinen, 1988, Future trends in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in the light of current etiopathogenetic theories, Scand J Rheumatol (suppl), 74, 7, 10.3109/03009748809102934 Kumazawa, 1977, The polymodal receptors in the testes of dog, Brain Res, 139, 553, 10.1016/0006-8993(77)90080-4 Leah, 1985, Coexistence of peptide immunoreactivity in sensory neurons of the cat, Neuroscience, 16, 683, 10.1016/0306-4522(85)90201-5 Lee, 1985, Distribution of calcitonin gene-related peptide in the rat peripheral nervous system with reference to its coexistence with substance P, Neuroscience, 15, 1227, 10.1016/0306-4522(85)90265-9 Levine, 1984, Intraneuronal substance P contributes to the severity of experimental arthritis, Science, 226, 547, 10.1126/science.6208609 Levine, 1985, Hypothesis: The nervous system may contribute to the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis, J Rheumatol, 12, 406 Levine, 1985, The role of the polymorphonuclear leukocyte in hyperalgesia, J Neurosci, 5, 3025, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.05-11-03025.1985 Levine, 1986, Hyperalgesic properties of 15-lipoxygenase products of arachidonic acid, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 83, 5331, 10.1073/pnas.83.14.5331 Loewi, 1921, Über humorale Übertragborrkeir der Hernervenwirkun Meteilung, Phlugers Arch, 193, 201, 10.1007/BF02331588 Lotz, 1987, Substance P acti vation of rheumatoid synoviocytes. Neural pathway in pathogenesis of arthritis, Science, 235, 893, 10.1126/science.2433770 Lundberg, 1985, Coexistence of substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactivities in sensory nerves in relation to cardiovascular and bronchoconstrictor effects of capsaicin, Eur J Pharmacol, 108, 315, 10.1016/0014-2999(85)90456-X Malinsky, 1959, The ontogenetic development of nerve terminations in the intervertebral discs of man, Acta Anat, 38, 96, 10.1159/000141490 Martin, 1987, Leukotriene and prostaglandin sensitization of cutaneous high threshold C-and A-delta mechanonociceptors in the hairy skin of rat hindlimbs, Neuroscience, 22, 651, 10.1016/0306-4522(87)90360-5 Melzack, 1965, Pain mechanisms: A new theory, Science, 150, 971, 10.1126/science.150.3699.971 Mense, 1977, Nervous outflow from skeletal muscle following chemical noxious stimulation, J Physiol, 167, 75, 10.1113/jphysiol.1977.sp011802 Mense, 1974, Activation of group IV afferent units from muscle by algesic agents, Brain Res, 72, 305, 10.1016/0006-8993(74)90870-1 Mense, 1982, Sensitization of group IV muscle receptors to bradykinin by 5-hydroxytryptamine and prostaglandin E2, Brain Res, 225, 95, 10.1016/0006-8993(81)90320-6 Merskey, 1979, Pain terms: A list with definitions and notes on usage. Recommended by the IASP Subcommittee on Taxonomy, Pain, 6, 249 Nagy, 1985, Anatomical and cytochemical relationships of adenosine deaminase-containing primary afferent neurons in the rat, Neuroscience, 15, 799, 10.1016/0306-4522(85)90079-X O’Donohue, 1984, A role for bombesin in sensory processing in the spinal cord, J Neurosci, 4, 2956, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.04-12-02956.1984 Panula, 1983, Immunohistochemical localization of bombesin/ gastrin-releasing peptide and substance P in primary sensory neurons, J Neurosci, 3, 2021, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.03-10-02021.1983 Parke, 1982, Applied anatomy of the spine Patermichelakis, 1982, Prostaglandin El-induced sensitization of A-O moderate pressure mechanoreceptors, Brain Res, 232, 89, 10.1016/0006-8993(82)90612-6 Patermichelakis, 1981, Prostaglandin E2 increases mechanically evoked potentials in the peripheral nerve, Experientia, 37, 282, 10.1007/BF01991656 Payan, 1986, Neuroimmunology, Adv Immunol, 39, 299, 10.1016/S0065-2776(08)60353-3 Payan, 1987, Neuropeptide modulation of leukocyte function, Ann NY Acad Sci, 496, 182, 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1987.tb35764.x Pedersen, 1956, Anatomy of the lumbosacral rami and meningeal branches of spinal nerves, J Bone Joint Surg [Am], 38, 377, 10.2106/00004623-195638020-00015 Ralston, 1960, Nerve endings in the human fasciae, tendons, ligaments, periosteum, and joint synovial membrane, Anat Rec, 136, 137, 10.1002/ar.1091360208 Reeh PW: Sensory receptors in a mammalian skin nerve in vitro preparation. Prog Brain Res (in press) Roofe, 1940, Innervation of the annulus fibrosus and posterior longitudinal ligament, Arch Neurol Psych, 44, 100, 10.1001/archneurpsyc.1940.02280070108005 Ruda, 1986, Neurochemistry and neural circuitry in the dorsal horn, Prog Brain Res, 66, 219, 10.1016/S0079-6123(08)64606-3 Ruda, 1984, Demonstration of postsynaptic opioid modulation of thalamic projection neurons by the combined techniques of retrograde horseradish peroxidase and enkephalin immunocytochemistry, J Neurosci, 4, 2117, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.04-08-02117.1984 Rydevik, 1989, Tissue fluid pressure in the dorsal root ganglion. An experimental study on the effects of compression, Spine, 14, 574, 10.1097/00007632-198906000-00004 Seybold, 1982, Neurotensin immunoreactiv ity in the superficial laminae of the dorsal horn of the rat: I. Light microscopic studies of cell bodies and proximal dendrites, J Comp Neurol, 105, 89100 Sherman, 1963, The nerves of bone, J Bone Joint Surg [Am], 45, 522, 10.2106/00004623-196345030-00010 Shinohara, 1970, Lumbar disc lesion with special reference to the histological significance of nerve endings of the lumbar discs, J Jpn Orthop Assoc, 44, 554 Szolcsanyi, 1987, Selective responsiveness of polymodal nociceptors of the rabbit ear to capsaicin, bradykinin and ultra-violet irradiation, J Physiol, 388, 9, 10.1113/jphysiol.1987.sp016598 Takahashi, 1975, Regional distribution of substance P in the spinal cord and nerve roots of the cat and the effect of dorsal root section, Brain Res, 87, 1, 10.1016/0006-8993(75)90774-X Tuchscherer, 1987, Substance P and cholecystokininlike immunoreactive varicosities in somatosensory and autonomic regions of the rat spinal cord: A quantitative study of coexistence, J Neurosci, 7, 3984, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.07-12-03984.1987 Tuchscherer, 1985, Immunohistochemical studies of substance P, cholecystokinin-octa-peptide and somatostatin in dorsal root ganglia of the rat, Neuroscience, 14, 593, 10.1016/0306-4522(85)90313-6 Tuchscherer MM, Seybold VS: A quantitative study of the coexistence of peptides in the varicosities within the superficial laminae of the dorsal horn of the rat spinal cord. J Neurosci (in press) Wall, 1983, Sensory afferent impulses originate from dorsal root ganglia and chronically in jured axons: A physiological basis for the radicular pain of nerve root compression, Pain, 17, 321, 10.1016/0304-3959(83)90164-1 Walsh T, Weinstein JN, Aprill C, Montgomery W: Reliability of discography in asymptomatic versus symptomatic patients. J Bone Joint Surg (in press) Weinstein, 1988, The pain of discography, Spine, 13, 1344, 10.1097/00007632-198812000-00002 Weinstein, 1988, Neuropharmacologic effects of vibration on the dorsal horn ganglion: An animal model, Spine, 13, 521, 10.1097/00007632-198805000-00015 Wiesenfeld-Hallin, 1984, Immunoreactive calcitonin gene-related peptide and substance P coexist in sensory neurons to the spinal cord and interact in spinal behavioral responses of the rat, Neurosci Lett, 52, 199, 10.1016/0304-3940(84)90374-4 Willcockson, 1984, Effects of ionophoretically released peptides on primate spinothalamic tract cells, J Neurosci, 4, 741, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.04-03-00741.1984 Wyke, 1980, The neurology of low back pain, 165 Wyke, 1982, Receptor systems in lumbosacral tissues in relation to the production of low back pain, 97 Yaksh, 1980, Intrathecal morphine inhibits substance P release from mammalian spinal cord in vivo, Nature, 286, 155, 10.1038/286155a0