Neuro-rehabilitation after stroke

Aymerich, 2007, Incidencia del ictus y mortalidad precoz en la comarca de Pamplona, Neurología, 22, 603 Leno, 1993, A prospective study of stroke in young adults in Cantabria, Spain. Stroke, 24, 792, 10.1161/01.STR.24.6.792 López-Pousa, 1995, [Prevalence of cerebrovascular disease in Spain: a study in a rural area of Girona], Rev Neurol, 23, 1081 Caicoya, 1996, [Stroke incidence in Asturias, 1990–1991], Rev Neurol, 24, 806 Marrugat, 2007, [The estimated incidence and case fatality rate of ischemic and hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease in 2002 in Catalonia], Rev Esp Cardiol, 60, 573, 10.1157/13107113 Boix, 2006, Stroke prevalence among the Spanish elderly: an analysis based on screening surveys, BMC Neurol, 6, 36, 10.1186/1471-2377-6-36 Instituto Nacional de Estadística. Defunciones según la causa de muerte. 2006. Available at: www.ine.es. 2006. Organización Mundial de la Salud. Global burden of disease; 2004. Instituto Nacional de Estadística. Encuesta sobre Discapacidades, Deficiencias y Estado de Salud; 1999. Mitchell, 1996, What role do neurologists play in determining the costs and outcomes of stroke patients?, Stroke, 27, 1937, 10.1161/01.STR.27.11.1937 Evers, 2004, International comparison of stroke cost studies, Stroke, 35, 1209, 10.1161/01.STR.0000125860.48180.48 Irimia, 2008, The cost of neurological disease, Neurologia, 23, 1 Arenillas, 2008, Training and experience in stroke units, Neurologia, 23, 337 Duncan, 2005, Management of Adult Stroke Rehabilitation care: a clinical practice guideline, Stroke, 36, e100, 10.1161/01.STR.0000180861.54180.FF The Stroke Evaluation Advisory committee. Ontario Stroke Evaluation Office. Integrated Stroke Care in Ontario. Stroke Evaluation Report 2006. 2007. Dimyan, 2008, Emerging subspecialties: neurorehabilitation: training neurologists to retrain the brain, Neurology, 70, e52, 10.1212/01.wnl.0000309216.81257.3f Dobkin, 2004, Strategies for stroke rehabilitation, Lancet Neurol, 3, 528, 10.1016/S1474-4422(04)00851-8 Heart and Stroke Foundation of Ontario. Consensus Panel on the Stroke Rehabilitation System. A report from The consensus Panel on the Stroke Rehabilitation System to the Ministry of Health and Long-Term care. 2007. Plan Director de la Enfermedad Vascular Cerebral en Cataluña. Agencia de Evaluación de Tecnología e Investigación Médicas de cataluña (AATRM) DdSGdc. Guía de práctica Clínica sobre el ictus. Barcelona: Departamento de Salud, Generalitat de catalunya; 2007. Kalra, 2005, A randomised controlled comparison of alternative strategies in stroke care, Health technol Assess, 9, 1, 10.3310/hta9180 Schallert, 2003, Should the injured and intact hemispheres be treated differently during the early phases of physical restorative therapy in experimental stroke or parkinsonism?, Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am, 14, 27, 10.1016/S1047-9651(02)00055-4 Johansson, 2000, Brain plasticity stroke rehabilitation. The Willis lecture, Stroke, 31, 223, 10.1161/01.STR.31.1.223 Schallert, 1993, “Exuberant” neuronal growth after brain damage in adult rats: the essential role of behavioral experience, J Neural transplant Plast, 4, 193, 10.1155/NP.1993.193 Jones, 1994, Use-dependent growth of pyramidal neurons after neocortical damage, J Neurosci, 14, 2140, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.14-04-02140.1994 Kozlowski, 1996, Use-dependent exaggeration of neuronal injury after unilateral sensorimotor cortex lesions, J Neurosci, 16, 4776, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.16-15-04776.1996 Biernaskie, 2004, Efficacy of rehabilitative experience declines with time after focal ischemic brain injury, J Neurosci, 24, 1245, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3834-03.2004 Paolucci, 2000, Early versus delayed inpatient stroke rehabilitation: a matched comparison conducted in Italy, Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 81, 695, 10.1016/S0003-9993(00)90095-9 Musicco, 2003, Early and long-term outcome of rehabilitation in stroke patients: the role of patient characteristics, time of initiation, and duration of interventions, Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 84, 551, 10.1053/apmr.2003.50084 Ancheta, 2000, Initial functional independence measure score and interval post stroke help assess outcome, length of hospitalization, and quality of care, Neurorehabil Neural Repair, 14, 127, 10.1177/154596830001400205 Shah, 1989, Predicting discharge status at commencement of stroke rehabilitation, Stroke, 20, 766, 10.1161/01.STR.20.6.766 Maulden, 2005, Timing of initiation of rehabilitation after stroke, Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 86, 34, 10.1016/j.apmr.2005.08.119 Salter, 2006, Impact of early vs delayed admission to rehabilitation on functional outcomes in persons with stroke, J Rehabil Med, 38, 113, 10.1080/16501970500314350 Risedal, 1999, Early training may exacerbate brain damage after focal brain ischemia in the rat, J Cereb Blood Flow Metab, 19, 997, 10.1097/00004647-199909000-00007 Bernhardt, 2008, A very early rehabilitation trial for stroke (AVERT): phase II safety and feasibility, Stroke, 39, 390, 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.492363 Jorgensen, 1995, Outcome and time course of recovery in stroke. Part I: Outcome. The Copenhagen Stroke Study, Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 76, 399, 10.1016/S0003-9993(95)80567-2 Jorgensen, 1995, Outcome and time course of recovery in stroke Part II: time course of recovery. the copenhagen Stroke Study, Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 76, 406, 10.1016/S0003-9993(95)80568-0 Jorgensen, 1995, Recovery of walking function in stroke patients: the Copenhagen Stroke Study, Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 76, 27, 10.1016/S0003-9993(95)80038-7 Pinedo, 2000, [The evolution and prognosis of disability in patients with hemiplegia], Med Clin (Barc), 115, 487 Sanchez-Blanco, 1999, Predictive model of functional independence in stroke patients admitted to a rehabilitation programme, Clin Rehabil, 13, 464, 10.1191/026921599672994947 De Wit, 2007, Motor and functional recovery after stroke: a comparison of 4 European rehabilitation centers, Stroke, 38, 2101, 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.482869 Langhorne, 1996, Physiotherapy after stroke: more is better?, Physiother Res Int, 1, 75, 10.1002/pri.6120010204 Kwakkel, 2004, Effects of augmented exercise therapy time after stroke: a meta-analysis, Stroke, 35, 2529, 10.1161/01.STR.0000143153.76460.7d Kalra, 1994, The inluence of stroke unit rehabilitation on functional recovery from stroke, Stroke, 25, 821, 10.1161/01.STR.25.4.821 Bhogal, 2003, Intensity of aphasia therapy, impact on recovery, Stroke, 34, 987, 10.1161/01.STR.0000062343.64383.D0 Sonoda, 2004, Full-time integrated treatment program, a new system for stroke rehabilitation in Japan: comparison with conventional rehabilitation, Am J Phys Med Rehabil, 83, 88, 10.1097/01.PHM.0000107481.69424.E1 Lincoln, 1996, comparison of rehabilitation practice on hospital wards for stroke patients, Stroke, 27, 18, 10.1161/01.STR.27.1.18 Bernhardt, 2004, Inactive and alone: physical activity within the first 14 days of acute stroke unit care, Stroke, 35, 1005, 10.1161/01.STR.0000120727.40792.40 Teasell, 2009, Stroke rehabilitation: an international perspective, top Stroke Rehabil, 16, 44, 10.1310/tsr1601-44 Organised inpatient (stroke unit) care for stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007;(4):CD000197. Foley, 2007, Specialized stroke services: a meta-analysis comparing three models of care, Cerebrovasc Dis, 23, 194, 10.1159/000097641 Muro, 2000, Stroke patients in south Madrid: function and motor recovery, resource utilization, and family support, Stroke, 31, 1352, 10.1161/01.STR.31.6.1352 Abilleira, 2009, Quality of in-hospital stroke care according to evidence-based performance measures: results from the irst audit of stroke, catalonia, Spain, Stroke, 40, 1433, 10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.530014 Gilbertson, 2000, Domiciliary occupational therapy for patients with stroke discharged from hospital: randomised controlled trial, BMJ, 320, 603, 10.1136/bmj.320.7235.603 Walker, 1999, Occupational therapy for stroke patients not admitted to hospital: a randomised controlled trial, Lancet, 354, 278, 10.1016/S0140-6736(98)11128-5 Paolucci, 2001, Mobility status after inpatient stroke rehabilitation: 1-year follow-up and prognostic factors, Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 82, 2, 10.1053/apmr.2001.18585 Services for reducing duration of hospital care for acute stroke patients. cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005;(2):CD000443. Ministerio de Sanidad y consumo. Estrategia en ictus del Sistema Nacional de Salud. 2008. Kjellstrom, 2007, Helsingborg Declaration 2006 on European stroke strategies, Cerebrovasc Dis, 23, 231, 10.1159/000097646