Nestling diet optimization and condition in relation to prey attributes and breeding patch size in a patch-resident insectivorous passerine: an optimal continuum and habitat constraints
Tóm tắt
Direct observational studies are needed to address dietary adjustment in species breeding in isolated non-forest habitat islands with respect to the energy demands of growing nestlings and breeding patch size. Using new dietary records determined for nestlings of Whinchat Saxicola rubetra, a dramatically declining insectivorous passerine and an indicator species of the cessation of agricultural activity, we investigated the relationships between changes in the main dietary characteristics, numerical and biomass contributions of major taxonomic and functional prey groups (expressing chitin content, vertical distribution, habitat preference and vagility within the landscape) and brood age, nestling condition and size of abandoned fields (i.e. breeding patches). Broods from larger abandoned fields received more sedentary and heavier prey like Orthoptera and soil-dwelling invertebrates, whereas the proportion of caterpillars, aerial insects and prey from vegetation decreased with increasing patch size. Nestling condition was positively correlated with the proportion of caterpillars and Orthoptera or sedentary prey taxa, but negatively with the proportion of Coleoptera or vagile prey taxa in the diet, though not with patch area. This suggests that parent Whinchats can overcome the habitat constraints resulting from the small area of an abandoned field by interchangeably incorporating the two major prey groups (Orthoptera or Lepidoptera) into the diet they feed to their nestlings. This implies a continuum in dietary optimization that is a trade-off between a brood’s nutritional demands and the parents’ ability to deliver top-ranked invertebrates present mostly within the breeding patch.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Andersson M (1981) Central place foraging in whinchats, Saxicola rubetra. Ecology 62:538–544
Andersson M, Wallander J, Isaksson D (2009) Predator perches: a visual search perspective. Funct Ecol 23:373–379
Bańbura J, Lambrechts M, Blondel J, Perret P, Cartan-Son M (1999) Food handling time of blue tit chicks: constraints and adaptation to different prey types. J Avian Biol 30:263–270
Bastian H, Bastian A (1993) Entwicklung der Körpermasse nestjunger Braunkehlchen (Saxicola rubetra). J Ornithol 134:85–92
Bastian A, Bastian H (1996) Das Braunkehlchen. Opfer der ausgeräumten Kulturlandschaft. Aula, Wiesbaden
Bastian H, Feulner J (eds) (2015) Living on the edge of extinction in Europe. In: Proceedings of 1st European Whinchat Symposium., LBV Hof, Helmbrechts
Bastian A, Bastian H, Sternberg H (1994) Ist das Nahrungsangebot für die Brutrevierwahl von Braunkehlchen Saxicola rubetra entscheidend? Vogelwelt 115:103–114
Bayard TS, Elphick C (2010) How area sensitivity in birds is studied. Conserv Biol 24:938–947
Blackburn E, Cresswell W (2016) High within-winter and annual survival rates in a declining Afro-Palaearctic migratory bird suggest that wintering conditions do not limit populations. Ibis 158:92–105
Bortolotti GR, Tella J, Forero M, Dawson R, Negro J (2000) Genetics, local environment and health as factors influencing plasma carotenoids in wild American kestrels (Falco sparverius). Proc R Soc Lond B 267:1433–1438
Brickle NW, Harper D, Aebischer N, Cockayne S (2000) Effects of agricultural intensification on the breeding success of corn buntings Miliaria calandra. J Appl Ecol 37:742–755
Britschgi A, Spaar R, Arlettaz R (2006) Impact of grassland farming intensification on the breeding ecology of an indicator insectivorous passerine, the Whinchat Saxicola rubetra: lessons for overall Alpine meadowland management. Biol Conserv 130:193–205
Brodmann PA, Reyer H (1999) Nestling provisioning in water pipits (Anthus spinoletta): do parents go for specific nutrients or profitable prey? Oecologia 120:506–514
Broyer J (2009) Whinchat Saxicola rubetra reproductive success according to hay cutting schedule and meadow passerine density in alluvial and upland meadows in France. J Nat Conserv 17:160–167
Broyer J, Curtet L, Boissenin M (2012) Does breeding success lead meadow passerines to select late mown fields? J Ornithol 153:817–823
Broyer J, Sukhanova O, Mischenko A (2014) Mowing management and density dependence in meadow passerine hatching success. Bird Study 61:394–403
Burke DM, Nol E (1998) Influence of food abundance, nest-site habitat, and forest fragmentation on breeding Ovenbirds. Auk 115:96–104
Calladine J, Bray J (2012) The importance of altitude and aspect for breeding Whinchats Saxicola rubetra in the uplands: limitations of the uplands as a refuge for a declining, formerly widespread species? Bird Study 59:43–51
Crossley DA Jr, Coleman D, Hendrix P (1989) The importance of the fauna in agricultural soils: research approaches and perspectives. Agric Ecosyst Environ 27:47–55
Donald PF, Muirhead L, Buckingham D, Evans A, Kirby W, Gruar D (2001) Body condition, growth rates and diet of Skylark Alauda arvensis nestlings on lowland farmland. Ibis 143:658–669
Fischer K, Busch R, Fahl G, Kunz M, Knopf M (2013) Habitat preferences and breeding success of Whinchats (Saxicola rubetra) in the Westerwald mountain range. J Ornithol 154:339–349
Flinks H, Pfeifer F (1988) Einfluß des Nestlingsalters auf die Nahrungszusammensetzung nestjunger Schwarzkehlchen (Saxicola torquata). J Ornithol 129:317–324
Frankiewicz J (2008) Breeding biology and ecology of Whinchat Saxicola rubetra on abandoned farmland of Opole Province (SW Poland). Acta Zool Cracoviensia 51A:35–47
Frankiewicz J (2010) Wpływ czynników środowiskowych i populacyjnych na sukces lęgowy pokląskwy Saxicola rubetra. PhD thesis. Department of Avian Ecology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
Frankiewicz J (2015) The influence of environmental factors on breeding success of the Whinchat Saxicola rubetra. In: Bastian HV, Feulner J (eds): Living on the edge of extinction in Europe. Proceedings of 1st European Whinchat Symposium, LBV Hof, Helmbrechts, pp 165–166
García-Navas V, Sanz J (2011) The importance of a main dish: nestling diet and foraging behaviour in Mediterranean Blue Tits in relation to prey phenology. Oecologia 165:639–649
García-Navas V, Ferrer E, Sanz J (2012) Prey selectivity and parental feeding rates of Blue Tits Cyanistes caeruleus in relation to nestling age. Bird Study 59:236–242
Grüebler MU, Schuler H, Müller M, Spaar R, Horch P, Naef-Daenzer B (2008) Female biased mortality caused by anthropogenic nest loss contributes to population decline and adult sex ratio of a meadow bird. Biol Conserv 141:3040–3049
Grüebler MU, Schuler H, Horch P, Spaar R (2012) The effectiveness of conservation measures to enhance nest survival in a meadow bird suffering from anthropogenic nest loss. Biol Conserv 146:197–203
Guillod N, Arlettaz R, Jacot A (2016) Impact of spatial variation of a crucial prey, the Molecricket, on Hoopoe territory occupancy and reproduction. J Avian Biol. doi:10.1111/jav.00990
Henderson I, Calladine J, Massimino D, Taylor J, Gillings S (2014) Evidence for contrasting causes of population change in two closely related, sympatric breeding species the Whinchat Saxicola rubetra and Stonechat Saxicola torquata in Britain. Bird Study 61:553–565
Hinsley SA, Rothery P, Bellamy P (1999) Influence of woodland area on breeding success in Great Tits Parus major and blue tits Parus caeruleus. J Avian Biol 30:271–281
Holland JM, Luff M (2000) The effects of agricultural practices on Carabidae in temperate agroecosystems. Integr Pest Manage Rev 5:109–129
Humbert J, Ghazoul J, Walter T (2009) Meadow harvesting techniques and their impacts on field fauna. Agric Ecosyst Environ 130:1–8
Kamp J, Urazaliev R, Balmford A, Donald P, Green R, Lamb A, Phalan B (2015) Agricultural development and the conservation of avian biodiversity on the Eurasian steppes: a comparison of land-sparing and land-sharing approaches. J Appl Ecol 52:1578–1587
Karg J (1989) Differentiation in the density and biomass of flying insects in the agricultural landscape of Western Poland. Rocz Akad Roln Pozn 188:1–78 (in Polish)
Kaspari M (1991) Prey preparation as a way that Grasshopper Sparrows (Ammodramus savannarum) increase the nutrient concentration of their prey. Behav Ecol 2:234–241
Keyel AC, Bauer C, Lattin C, Romero L, Reed J (2012) Testing the role of patch openness as a causal mechanism for apparent area sensitivity in a grassland specialist. Oecologia 169:407–418
Kleinschmidt L (2001) Ekologia gniazdowania pokląskwy Saxicola rubetra w województwie warmińsko-mazurskim. PhD thesis, Uniwersytet Gdański, Gdańsk, Poland
Krebs JR, Davies N (1991) Behavioural ecology: an evolutionary approach, 3rd edn. Blackwell, Oxford
Le Tortorec E, Helle S, Käyhkö N, Suorsa P, Huhta E, Hakkarainen H (2013) Habitat fragmentation and reproductive success: a structural equation modelling approach. J Anim Ecol 82:1087–1097
Lourenço R, del Mar Delgado M, Campioni L, Korpimäki E, Penteriani V (2015) Evaluating the influence of diet-related variables on breeding performance and home range behaviour of a top predator. Popul Ecol 57:625–636
Magrath MJ, van Lieshout E, Visser G, Kondeur J (2004) Nutritional bias as a new mode of adjusting sex allocation. Proc R Soc Lond B (Suppl) 271:347–349
Marini L, Fontana P, Battisti A, Gaston K (2009) Response of orthopteran diversity to abandonment of semi-natural meadows. Agric Ecosyst Environ 132:232–236
Martin TE (1987) Food as a limit on breeding birds: a life-history perspective. Annu Rev Ecol Syst 18:453–487
Matuszkiewicz W (2005) Przewodnik do oznaczania zbiorowisk roślinnych Polski. PWN Warszawa, Poland
Mitrus C, Mitrus J, Sikora M (2010) Changes in nestling diet composition of the red-breasted flycatcher Ficedula parva in relation to chick age and parental sex. Anim Biol 60:319–328
Møller AP, Rubolini D, Lehikoinen A (2008) Populations of migratory bird species that did not show a phenological response to climate change are declining. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 105(16):195–200
Morris AJ, Whittingham M, Bradbury R, Wilson J, Kyrkos A, Buckingham D, Evans A (2001) Foraging habitat selection by yellowhammers (Emberiza citrinella) nesting in agriculturally contrasting regions in lowland England. Biol Conserv 101:197–210
Müller M, Spaar R, Schifferli L, Jenni L (2005) Effects of changes in farming of subalpine meadows on a grassland bird, the Whinchat (Saxicola rubetra). J Ornithol 146:14–23
Murphy MT, Moore F (2003) Avian population trends within the evolving agricultural landscape of eastern and central United States. Auk 120:20–34
Oppermann R (1999) Nahrungsökologische Grundland und Habitatansprüche des Braunkehlchens Saxicola rubetra. Vogelwelt 120:7–25
Orłowski G (2004) Abandoned cropland as a habitat of the Whinchat Saxicola rubetra in SW Poland. Acta Ornithol 39:60–66
Orłowski G (2005) Endangered and declining bird species of abandoned farmland in south-western Poland. Agric Ecosyst Environ 111:231–236
Orłowski G, Karg J (2011) Diet of nestling Barn Swallows Hirundo rustica in rural areas of Poland. Centr Eur J Biol 6:1023–1035
Orłowski G, Karg J (2013) Diet breadth and overlap in three sympatric aerial insectivorous birds at the same location. Bird Study 60:475–483
Orłowski G, Rusiecki S, Karg J (2014a) Partial dietary segregation between adult and nestling Bluethroats Luscinia svecica. Acta Ornithol 49:107–118
Orłowski G, Karg J, Karg G (2014b) Functional invertebrate prey groups reflect dietary responses to phenology and farming activity and pest control services in three sympatric species of aerially foraging insectivorous birds. PLoS One 9:e114906. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0114906
Orłowski G, Wuczyński A, Karg J (2015) Effect of brood age on nestling diet and prey composition in a hedgerow specialist bird, the barred warbler Sylvia nisoria. PLoS One 10(6):e0131100. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0131100
Perlut NG, Strong A, Donovan T, Buckley N (2008) Grassland songbird survival and recruitment in agricultural landscapes: implications for source–sink demography. Ecology 89:1941–1952
Plieninger T, Hui C, Gaertner M, Huntsinger L (2014) The impact of land abandonment on species richness and abundance in the Mediterranean basin: a meta-analysis. PLoS One 9:e98355. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0098355
Pudil M, Exnerová A (2015) Diet and foraging behaviour of the Whinchat (Saxicola rubetra). In: Bastian HV, Feulner J (eds) Living on the edge of extinction in Europe. Proceedings of the 1st European Whinchat Symposium, LBV Hof, Helmbrechts, pp 125–134
Quan R, Li H, Wang B, Goodale E (2015) The relationship between defecation and feeding in nestling birds: observational and experimental evidence. Front Zool 12:21. doi:10.1186/s12983-015-0116-y
Radford AN (2008) Age-related changes in nestling diet of the cooperatively breeding Green Woodhoopoe. Ethology 114:907–915
Ramsay SL, Houston D (2003) Amino acid composition of some woodland arthropods and its implications for breeding tits and other passerines. Ibis 145:227–232
Ribic CA, Koford R, Herkert J, Johnson D, Niemuth N, Naugle D, Bakker K, Sample D, Renfrew R (2009) Area sensitivity in North American grassland birds: patterns and processes. Auk 126:233–244
Sanderson FJ, Donald P, Pain D, Burfield I, van Bommel F (2006) Long-term population declines in Afro-Palearctic migrant birds. Biol Conserv 131:93–105
Sanderson FJ, Kucharz M, Jobda M, Donald P (2013) Impacts of agricultural intensification and abandonment on farmland birds in Poland following EU accession. Agric Ecosyst Environ 168:16–24
Schaub M, Martinez N, Tagmann-Ioset A, Weisshaupt N, Maurer ML, Reichlin T, Abadi F, Zbinden N, Jenni L, Arlettaz R (2010) Patches of bare ground as a staple commodity for declining ground foraging insectivorous farmland birds. PLoS One 5:e13115. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0013115
Shitikov DA, Vaytina T, Gagieva V, Fedchuk D (2015) Breeding success affects site fidelity in a Whinchat Saxicola rubetra population in abandoned fields. Bird Study 62:96–105
Siemann E, Haarstad J, Tilman D (1999) Dynamics of plant and arthropod diversity during old field succession. Ecography 22:406–414
Strebel G, Jacot A, Horch P, Spaar R (2015) Effects of grassland intensification on Whinchats Saxicola rubetra and implications for conservation in upland habitats. Ibis 157:250–259
Studier EH, Sevick S (1992) Live mass, water content, nitrogen and mineral levels in some insects from south-central Lower Michigan. Comp Biochem Physiol 103A:579–595
Suorsa P, Huhta E, Nikula A, Nikinmaa M, Jäntti A, Helle H, Hakkarainen H (2003) Forest management is associated with physiological stress in an old-growth forest passerine. Proc R Soc Lond B 270:963–969
Suter W (1988) Saxicola rubetra (Linnaeus 1758)—Braunkehlchen. In: Glutz von Blotzheim UN (ed) Handbuch der Vögel Mitteleuropas. AULA, Wiesbaden, pp 392–446
Tryjanowski P, Kuźniak S, Kujawa K, Jerzak L (2009) Ekologia ptaków krajobrazu rolniczego. Bogucki Wyd Nauk, Poznan
Tscharntke T, Rand T, Bianchi F (2005) The landscape context of trophic interactions: insect spillover across the crop–non-crop interface. Ann Zool Fenn 42:421–432
van Oosten H, van den Burg A, Versluijs R, Siepel H (2014) Habitat selection of brood-rearing Northern Wheatears Oenanthe oenanthe and their invertebrate prey. Ardea 102:61–69
Vickery PD, Herkert J (2001) Recent advances in grassland bird research: where do we go from here? Auk 118:11–15
Vickery JA, Tallowin J, Feber R, Asteraki E, Atkinson P, Fuller R, Brown V (2001) The management of lowland neutral grasslands in Britain: effects of agricultural practices on birds and their food resources. J Appl Ecol 38:647–664
Weldon AJ, Haddad NM (2005) The effects of patch shape on Indigo Buntings: evidence for an ecological trap. Ecology 86:1422–1431
Wiens J, Rotenberry J (1979) Diet niche relationships among North American grassland and shrubsteppe birds. Oecologia 42:253–292
Wilkin TA, King LE, Sheldon BC (2009) Habitat quality, nestling diet, and provisioning behaviour in Great Tits Parus major. J Avian Biol 40:135–145
Wilson LJ, Daunt F, Wanless S (2004) Self-feeding and chick provisioning diet differ in the Common Guillemot Uria aalge. Ardea 92:197–208
Zakkak S, Radovic A, Nikolov S, Shumka S, Kakalis L, Kati V (2015) Assessing the effect of agricultural land abandonment on bird communities in southern-eastern Europe. J Environ Manage 164:171–179
Zanette L, Doyle P, Trémont S (2000) Food shortage in small fragments: evidence from an area-sensitive passerine. Ecology 81:1654–1666