Neighborhood Social Inequalities in Road Traffic Injuries: The Influence of Traffic Volume and Road Design

American journal of public health - Tập 102 Số 6 - Trang 1112-1119 - 2012
Patrick Martineau1, Lise Gauvin1, Céline Plante1, Michel Fournier1, Catherine Morency1
1Patrick Morency, Céline Plante, and Michel Fournier are with the Direction de santé publique de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada. Patrick Morency and Lise Gauvin are with the Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal and the Département de médecine sociale et préventive de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada. Catherine Morency is with the Département des génies civil, géologique et des mines, École Polytechnique de Montréal, and the Centre interuniversitaire...

Tóm tắt

Objectives. We examined the extent to which differential traffic volume and road geometry can explain social inequalities in pedestrian, cyclist, and motor vehicle occupant injuries across wealthy and poor urban areas. Methods. We performed a multilevel observational study of all road users injured over 5 years (n = 19 568) at intersections (n = 17 498) in a large urban area (Island of Montreal, Canada). We considered intersection-level (traffic estimates, major roads, number of legs) and area-level (population density, commuting travel modes, household income) characteristics in multilevel Poisson regressions that nested intersections in 506 census tracts. Results. There were significantly more injured pedestrians, cyclists, and motor vehicle occupants at intersections in the poorest than in the richest areas. Controlling for traffic volume, intersection geometry, and pedestrian and cyclist volumes greatly attenuated the event rate ratios between intersections in the poorest and richest areas for injured pedestrians (−70%), cyclists (−44%), and motor vehicle occupants (−44%). Conclusions. Roadway environment can explain a substantial portion of the excess rate of road traffic injuries in the poorest urban areas.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Peden M, 2004, World Report on Road Traffic Injury Prevention

World Health Organization, 2009, Global Status Report on Road Safety: Time for Action

10.1136/bmj.314.7082.710

10.1136/bmj.316.7135.904

10.1258/jrsm.99.8.402

10.1136/ip.2005.008631

10.2105/AJPH.93.9.1509

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 2008, National Pedestrian Crash Report

10.1136/jech.54.7.517

10.1146/annurev.publhealth.23.100901.140548

10.1136/ip.6.4.293

Laflamme L, 2009, Socioeconomic Differences in Injury Risks: A Review of Findings and a Discussion of Potential Countermeasures

10.1155/2010/819687

10.1136/ip.1.1.40

10.1016/0001-4575(73)90018-3

10.1016/j.aap.2007.03.009

10.1038/sj.jea.7500276

10.1289/ehp.6566

10.1016/j.aap.2011.02.005

10.1016/j.aap.2009.04.009

10.1093/epirev/mxg006

10.1177/0885412209335553

10.1016/S0001-4575(00)00046-4

10.1136/bmj.b4469

10.3141/1578-01

10.3141/1828-07

10.1136/ip.2009.022426

10.1016/j.amepre.2004.10.029

10.1111/j.1440-1754.1994.tb00622.x

10.1136/ip.2.2.150

10.1136/jech.50.2.162

Rao R, 1997, Bull N Y Acad Med, 74, 65

10.1136/ip.3.2.89

10.2105/AJPH.88.12.1840

10.2105/AJPH.93.9.1541

Rivara FP, 1985, Pediatrics, 76, 375, 10.1542/peds.76.3.375

10.1016/0277-9536(91)90375-M

10.1016/S0001-4575(99)00100-1

10.1016/S0001-4575(03)00063-0

10.1016/j.aap.2006.11.003

10.1016/j.aap.2008.10.001

10.1080/0042098032000094441

10.1016/j.aap.2010.04.012

Yiannakoulias N, 2002, Can J Public Health, 93, 447, 10.1007/BF03405036

10.2105/AJPH.2007.131961

10.1016/j.aap.2004.07.002

10.2105/AJPH.88.2.216

10.1016/S0001-4575(03)00059-9

10.1016/j.aap.2005.03.019

10.3141/1818-16

10.1080/01944360902950349

Federal Highway Administration, 2004, Signalized Intersections: Informational Guide

10.1016/S0277-9536(01)00214-3

Morency P, 2005, Distribution géographique des blessés de la route sur l’île de Montréal (1999–2003): Cartographie pour les 27 arrondissements

10.1136/ip.2006.013326

10.1016/S0001-4575(96)00037-1

Agence métropolitaine du transport, 2005, Enquête origine-destination 2003, la mobilité des personnes dans la région de Montréal

Statistics Canada, 2002, 2001 Population Census. Minister of Industry

10.1016/j.amepre.2005.06.010

Raudenbush S, 2002, Hierarchical Linear Models; Applications and Data Analysis Methods, 2

Rothman KJ, 1998, Modern Epidemiology, 2

Dougherty G, 1990, Can J Public Health, 81, 204

10.1139/l06-013

10.1186/1471-2458-9-233

10.1093/ije/14.1.32

10.2105/AJPH.93.3.380

10.1016/S0001-4575(96)00070-X

10.1136/ip.9.3.205

Vuchic VR, 1999, Transportation for Livable Cities

10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61714-1

10.1136/ip.2009.021964

Laplante JN, 2008, ITE Journal, 24

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

American journal of public health

Tập 102 Số 6

1112-1119

Thông tin tác giả