Neck muscle activation in response to eye movement depends on sitting posture and is modified in whiplash associated disorders: Cross-sectional study

Ahadi, 2019, Vestibular-Balance rehabilitation in patients with whiplash-associated disorders, Int. Tinnitus J., 22, 42 Arab, 2018, Automatic activity of deep and superficial abdominal muscles during stable and unstable sitting positions in individuals with chronic low back pain, J. Bodyw. Mov. Ther., 22, 627, 10.1016/j.jbmt.2017.10.009 Barnsley, 1994, Whiplash injury, Pain, 58, 283, 10.1016/0304-3959(94)90123-6 Basrai, 2004, Effects of VDT monitor placement and single versus bifocal glasses on somatic discomfort and postural profiles in data entry tasks, J. Hum. Ergol., 33, 29 Besomi, 2020, Consensus for experimental design in electromyography (CEDE) project: amplitude normalization matrix, J. Electromyogr. Kinesiol., 53, 10.1016/j.jelekin.2020.102438 Bexander, 2012, Cervico-ocular coordination during neck rotation is distorted in people with whiplash-associated disorders, Exp. Brain Res., 217, 67, 10.1007/s00221-011-2973-8 Bexander, 2019, Cervical rotator muscle activity with eye movement at different speeds is distorted in whiplash, Phys. Med. Rehabil. Bexander, 2005, Effect of gaze direction on neck muscle activity during cervical rotation, Exp. Brain Res., 167, 422, 10.1007/s00221-005-0048-4 Bronstein, 2019, A conceptual model of the visual control of posture, Prog. Brain Res., 248, 285, 10.1016/bs.pbr.2019.04.023 Castanharo, 2014, Corrective sitting strategies: an examination of muscle activity and spine loading, J. Electromyogr. Kinesiol., 24, 114, 10.1016/j.jelekin.2013.11.001 Cholewicki, 1996, Mechanical stability of the in vivo lumbar spine: implications for injury and chronic low back pain, Clin. Biomech., 11, 1, 10.1016/0268-0033(95)00035-6 Cholewicki, 1997, Stabilizing function of trunk flexor-extensor muscles around a neutral spine posture, Spine, 22, 2207, 10.1097/00007632-199710010-00003 Claus, 2009, Different ways to balance the spine: subtle changes in sagittal spinal curves affect regional muscle activity, Spine, 34, E208, 10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181908ead Dankaerts, 2009, Discriminating healthy controls and two clinical subgroups of nonspecific chronic low back pain patients using trunk muscle activation and lumbosacral kinematics of postures and movements: a statistical classification model, Spine, 34, 1610, 10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181aa6175 Denise, 1987, Modulation by eye position of neck muscle contraction evoked by electrical labyrinthine stimulation in the alert cat, Exp. Brain Res., 67, 411, 10.1007/BF00248561 Edmondston, 2011, Changes in mechanical load and extensor muscle activity in the cervico-thoracic spine induced by sitting posture modification, Ergonomics, 54, 179, 10.1080/00140139.2010.544765 Falla, 2002, Location of innervation zones of sternocleidomastoid an scalene muscles - a basis for clinical and research electromuography applications, Clin. Neurophysiol., 113, 57, 10.1016/S1388-2457(01)00708-8 Falla, 2003, Myoelectric manifestations of sternocleidomastoid and anterior scalene muscle fatigue in chronic neck pain patients, Clin. Neurophysiol., 114, 488, 10.1016/S1388-2457(02)00418-2 Falla, 2004, Patients with neck pain demonstrate reduced electromyographic activity of the deep cervical flexor muscles during performance of the craniocervical flexion test, Spine, 29, 2108, 10.1097/01.brs.0000141170.89317.0e Falla, 2007, Effect of neck exercise on sitting posture in patients with chronic neck pain, Phys. Ther., 87, 408, 10.2522/ptj.20060009 Falla, 2007, Recruitment of the deep cervical flexor muscles during a postural-correction exercise performed in sitting, Man. Ther., 12, 139, 10.1016/j.math.2006.06.003 Falla, 2013, Effectiveness of an 8-week exercise programme on pain and specificity of neck muscle activity in patients with chronic neck pain: a randomized controlled study, Eur. J. Pain, 17, 1517, 10.1002/j.1532-2149.2013.00321.x Falla, 2017, Muscle pain induces a shift of the spatial distribution of upper trapezius muscle activity during a repetitive task: a mechanism for perpetuation of pain with repetitive activity?, Clin. J. Pain, 33, 1006, 10.1097/AJP.0000000000000513 Harms-Ringdahl, 1986, On assessment of shoulder exercise and load-elicited pain in the cervical spine. Biomechanical analysis of load--EMG--methodological studies of pain provoked by extreme position, Scand. J. Rehabil. Med. Suppl., 14, 1 Hesby, 2019, Electronic measures of movement impairment, repositioning, and posture in people with and without neck pain-a systematic review, Syst. Rev., 8, 220, 10.1186/s13643-019-1125-2 Hlavenka, 2017, Neck posture during lifting and its effect on trunk muscle activation and lumbar spine posture, Appl. Ergon., 62, 28, 10.1016/j.apergo.2017.02.006 Hodges, 2011, Moving differently in pain: a new theory to explain the adaptation to pain, Pain, 152, S90, 10.1016/j.pain.2010.10.020 Hodges, 2013, New insight into motor adaptation to pain revealed by a combination of modelling and empirical approaches, Eur. J. Pain, 17, 1138, 10.1002/j.1532-2149.2013.00286.x Ischebeck, 2017, Eye stabilization reflexes in traumatic and non-traumatic chronic neck pain patients, Musculoskelet Sci.Pract., 29, 72, 10.1016/j.msksp.2017.03.004 Jull, 2016, Does increased superficial neck flexor activity in the craniocervical flexion test reflect reduced deep flexor activity in people with neck pain?, Man. Ther., 25, 43, 10.1016/j.math.2016.05.336 Juul-Kristensen, 2013, Increased neck muscle activity and impaired balance among females with whiplash-related chronic neck pain: a cross-sectional study, J. Rehabil. Med., 45, 376, 10.2340/16501977-1120 Kamel, 2023, Alterations in cervical nerve root function during different sitting positions in adults with and without forward head posture: a cross-sectional study, J. Clin. Med., 12 Kelson, 2019, Trapezius muscle activity variation during computer work performed by individuals with and without neck-shoulder pain, Appl. Ergon., 81, 10.1016/j.apergo.2019.102908 Kim, 2018, Neck pain in adults with forward head posture: effects of craniovertebral angle and cervical range of motion, Osong. Publ. Health Res. Perspect, 9, 309, 10.24171/j.phrp.2018.9.6.04 Kim, 2018, Effects of McKenzie exercise, Kinesio taping, and myofascial release on the forward head posture, J. Phys. Ther. Sci., 30, 1103, 10.1589/jpts.30.1103 Korakakis, 2019, Physiotherapist perceptions of optimal sitting and standing posture, Musculoskelet Sci.Pract., 39, 24, 10.1016/j.msksp.2018.11.004 Kuntz, 2007, Neutral upright sagittal spinal alignment from the occiput to the pelvis in asymptomatic adults: a review and resynthesis of the literature, J. Neurosurg. Spine, 6, 104, 10.3171/spi.2007.6.2.104 Lee, 2017, Effect of changes in head postures during use of laptops on muscle activity of the neck and trunk, Phys. Ther. Rehabil. Sci., 6, 33, 10.14474/ptrs.2017.6.1.33 Leigh, 1999, Eye-head movements, 233 Mahmoud, 2019, The relationship between forward head posture and neck pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Curr. Rev. Musculoskelet Med., 12, 562, 10.1007/s12178-019-09594-y Montfoort, 2006, Interaction between ocular stabilization reflexes in patients with whiplash injury, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 47, 2881, 10.1167/iovs.05-1561 Nederhand, 2006, The effect of fear of movement on muscle activation in posttraumatic neck pain disability, Clin. J. Pain, 22, 519, 10.1097/01.ajp.0000202979.44163.da Panjabi, 1998, Whiplash injuries and the potential for mechanical instability, Eur. Spine J., 7, 484, 10.1007/s005860050112 Patwardhan, 2018, Cervical sagittal balance: a biomechanical perspective can help clinical practice, Eur. Spine J., 27, 25, 10.1007/s00586-017-5367-1 Quek, 2013, Effects of thoracic kyphosis and forward head posture on cervical range of motion in older adults, Man. Ther., 18, 65, 10.1016/j.math.2012.07.005 Rahnama, 2018, Alterations in the mechanical response of deep dorsal neck muscles in individuals experiencing whiplash-associated disorders compared to healthy controls: an ultrasound study, Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil., 97, 75, 10.1097/PHM.0000000000000845 Raine, 1997, Head and shoulder posture variations in 160 asymptomatic women and men, Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil., 78, 1215, 10.1016/S0003-9993(97)90335-X Sarrami, 2017, Factors predicting outcome in whiplash injury: a systematic meta-review of prognostic factors, J. Orthop. Traumatol., 18, 9, 10.1007/s10195-016-0431-x Schomacher, 2013, Function and structure of the deep cervical extensor muscles in patients with neck pain, Man. Ther., 18, 360, 10.1016/j.math.2013.05.009 Schuldt, 1988, On neck muscle activity and load reduction in sitting postures. An electromyographic and biomechanical study with applications in ergonomics and rehabilitation, Scand. J. Rehabil. Med. Suppl., 19, 1 Soderlund, 2000, Acute whiplash-associated disorders (WAD): the effects of early mobilization and prognostic factors in long-term symptomatology, Clin. Rehabil., 14, 457, 10.1191/0269215500cr348oa Spitzer, 1995, Scientific monograph of the quebec task force on whiplash-associated disorders: redefining "whiplash" and its management, Spine, 20, 1S Subbarayalu, 2017, Relationships among head posture, pain intensity, disability and deep cervical flexor muscle performance in subjects with postural neck pain, J. Taibah Univ. Med. Sci., 12, 541 Szczygiel, 2017, Musculo-skeletal and pulmonary effects of sitting position - a systematic review, Ann. Agric. Environ. Med., 24, 8, 10.5604/12321966.1227647 Thomas, 2016, Eye movements affect postural control in young and older females, Front. Aging Neurosci., 8, 216, 10.3389/fnagi.2016.00216 Thorn, 2007, Trapezius muscle rest time during standardised computer work--a comparison of female computer users with and without self-reported neck/shoulder complaints, J. Electromyogr. Kinesiol., 17, 420, 10.1016/j.jelekin.2006.04.010 Tjell, 1998, Smooth pursuit neck torsion test: a specific test for cervical dizziness, Am. J. Otol., 19, 76 Treleaven, 2017, Dizziness, Unsteadiness, visual disturbances, and sensorimotor control in traumatic neck pain, J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther., 47, 492, 10.2519/jospt.2017.7052 Treleaven, 2006, The relationship of cervical joint position error to balance and eye movement disturbances in persistent whiplash, Man. Ther., 11, 99, 10.1016/j.math.2005.04.003 Treleaven, 2016, Balance, dizziness and proprioception in patients with chronic whiplash associated disorders complaining of dizziness: a prospective randomized study comparing three exercise programs, Man. Ther., 22, 122, 10.1016/j.math.2015.10.017 Wan, 2021, Validation and application of a novel in vivo cervical spine kinematics analysis technique, Sci. Rep., 11, 10.1038/s41598-021-01319-x Watson, 1993, Cervical headache: an investigation of natural head posture and upper cervical flexor muscle performance, Cephalalgia, 13, 272, 10.1046/j.1468-2982.1993.1304272.x Yip, 2008, The relationship between head posture and severity and disability of patients with neck pain, Man. Ther., 13, 148, 10.1016/j.math.2006.11.002 Yong, 2016, Correlation between head posture and proprioceptive function in the cervical region, J. Phys. Ther. Sci., 28, 857, 10.1589/jpts.28.857