Natural radioactivity levels and radiological hazards indices of chemical fertilizers commonly used in Upper Egypt

M.A.M. Uosif1, A.M.A. Mostafa1, Reda Elsaman1, El-sayed Moustafa1
1Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azher University, Assuit Branch, 71524 Assuit, Egypt

Tài liệu tham khảo

Abbady, 2005, Natural radioactivity and dose assessment forphosphate rocks from Wadi El-Mashash and El-Mahamid Mines, Egypt, Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 84, 65, 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2005.04.003 Ahmed, 2005, Natural radioactivity in farm soil and phosphate fertilizer and its environmental implications in Qena governorate, Upper Egypt, Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 84, 51, 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2005.04.007 Alam, 1999, The 226Ra 232Th and 40K activities in beach sand minerals and beach soils of Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh, Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 46, 243, 10.1016/S0265-931X(98)00143-X Alam, 1997, Radioactivity in chemical fertilizers used in Bangladesh, Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 48, 1165, 10.1016/S0969-8043(97)00019-5 Becegato, 2008, Concentration of radioactive elements (U, Th and K) derived from phosphatic fertilizers in cultivated soils, Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 51, 1255, 10.1590/S1516-89132008000600022 Beretka, 1985, Natural radioactivity of Australian building materials, industrial wastes and by-products, Health Physics, 48, 87, 10.1097/00004032-198501000-00007 Camacho, 2010, Distribution of uranium isotopes in surface water of the lobregat river basin (Northeast Spain), Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 101, 1048, 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2010.08.005 Chauhan, 2013, Estimation of naturally occurring radionuclides in fertilizers using gamma spectrometry and elemental analysis by XRF and XRD techniques, Microchemical Journal, 106, 73, 10.1016/j.microc.2012.05.007 Da Conceicao, 2006, Radionuclides, heavy metals and fluorine incidence at Tapira phosphate rocks, Brazil, and their industrial (by) products, Environmental Pollution, 139, 232, 10.1016/j.envpol.2005.05.014 El-Taher, 2013, Elemental analysis of phosphate fertilizer consumed in Saudi Arabia, Life Science Journal, 10, 701 El-Taher, 2012, Natural radioactivity levels and heavy metals in chemical and organic fertilizers used in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 70, 290, 10.1016/j.apradiso.2011.08.010 GENIE-2000, 1997 Guimond, 1975 ICRP-60, 1990 Jibiri, 2012, Activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in brands of fertilizers used in Nigeria, Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 148, 132, 10.1093/rpd/ncq589 Khan, 1998, Radiometric analysis of hazara phosphate rock and fertilizers in Pakistan, Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 38, 77, 10.1016/S0265-931X(97)00018-0 Khater, 2008, Radiation exposure due to agricultural uses of phosphate fertilizers, Radiation Measurements, 43, 1402, 10.1016/j.radmeas.2008.04.084 Lambert, 2007, Cadmium and zinc in soil solution extracts following the application of phosphate fertilizers, Science of the Total Environment, 378, 293, 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.02.008 Modaihsh, 2004, Heavy metals content of commercial inorganic fertilizers used in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Agricultural and Marine Sciences, 9, 21 Mohanty, 2004, Natural radioactivity and radiation exposure in the high background area at Chhatarpur beach placer deposit of Orissa, India, Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 75, 15, 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2003.09.004 Mourad, 2009, Radioactivity and fluoride contamination derived from a phosphate fertilizer plant in Egypt, Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 67, 1259, 10.1016/j.apradiso.2009.02.025 Mustonen, 1985, Methods for evaluation of radiation from building materials, Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 7, 235, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a082999 NEA-OECD, Nuclear Energy Agency, 1979 Palomo, 2010, Presence of naturally occurring radioactive materials in sludge samples from several Spanish water treatment plants, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 181, 716, 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.05.071 Rehman, 2006, Determination of 238U contents in ore samples using CR-39 based radon dosimeter disequilibrium case, Radiation Measurements, 41, 471, 10.1016/j.radmeas.2005.10.002 Roselli, 2010, Sequential extraction for the leachability evaluation of phosphate fertilizers, Microchemical Journal, 95, 373, 10.1016/j.microc.2010.02.020 Ross, 2008, Naturally occurring radionuclides in materials derived from urban water treatment plants in southeast Queensland, Australia, Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 99, 607, 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2007.09.001 Saueia, 2005, Natural radioactivity in phosphate rock, phosphogypsum and phosphate fertilizers in Brazil, Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 264, 445, 10.1007/s10967-005-0735-4 Shams, 2013, Gamma radioactivity measurements in Nile river sediment samples, Turkish Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences, 37, 109 Tahir, 2009, Study of contents of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in fertilizers, Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 134, 62, 10.1093/rpd/ncp059 UNSCEAR, 1988 UNSCEAR, 1993 UNSCEAR, 2000 Uosif, 2007, Gamma-ray spectroscopic analysis of selected samples of Nile river sediments in Upper Egypt, Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 123, 215, 10.1093/rpd/ncl103 Wassila, 2011, The radioactivity measurements in soils and fertilizers using gamma spectrometry technique, Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 102, 336, 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2011.01.006