Nanoparticle networks reduce the flammability of polymer nanocomposites
Tóm tắt
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Kashiwagi, T. Polymer combustion and flammability — Role of the condensed phase. Proc. Combust. Inst. 28, 1423–1437 (1994).
Clift, R., Grace, J. R. & Weber, M. E. Bubbles, Drops, and Particles (Academic, New York, 1978).
Wang, Z. & Pinnavaia, T. J. Hybrid organic-inorganic nanocomposites: Exfoliation of magadiite nanolayers in an elastomeric epoxy polymer. Chem. Mater. 10, 1820–1826 (1998).
Kashiwagi, T. et al. Thermal and flammability properties of a silica-poly(methylmethacrylate) nanocomposite. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 89, 2072–2078 (2003).
Gilman, J. W. & Kashiwagi, T. Nanocomposites: A revolutionary new flame retardant approach. SAMPE J. 33, 40–46 (1997).
Gilman, J. W. et al. Flammability properties of polymer-layered-silicate nanocomposites. Polypropylene and polystyrene nanocomposites. Chem. Mater. 12, 1866–1873 (2000).
Zhu, J., Morgan, A. B., Lamelas, F. J. & Wilkie, C. A. Fire properties of polystyrene-clay nanocomposites. Chem. Mater. 13, 3774–3780 (2001).
Zanetti, M., Kashiwagi, T., Falqui, L. & Camino, G. Cone calorimeter combustion and gasification studies of polymer layered silicate nanocomposites. Chem. Mater. 14, 881–887 (2002).
Gilman, J. W. Flammability and thermal stability studies of polymer layered-silicate (clay) nanocomposites. Appl. Clay Sci. 15, 31–49 (1999).
Porter, D., Metcalfe, E. & Thomas, M. J. K. Nanocomposite fire retardants — A review. Fire Mater. 24, 45–52 (2000).
Wilkie, C. A. in Fire Retardancy of Polymers (eds Le Bras, M., Wilkie, C. A. & Bourgiot, S.) Ch. 1 (Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, 2005).
Kashiwagi, T. in Fire Retardancy of Polymers (eds Le Bras, M., Wilkie, C. A. & Bourgiot, S.) Ch. 6 (Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, 2005).
Kashiwagi, T. et al. Flame retardant mechanism of polyamid 6-clay nanocomposites. Polymer 45, 881–891 (2004).
Ajayan, P. M., Schadler, L. S., Giannaris, C. & Rubio, A. Single-walled carbon nanotube-polymer composites: strength and weakness. Adv. Mater. 12, 750–753 (2000).
Park, C. et al. Dispersion of single wall carbon nanotubes by in situ polymerization under sonication. Chem. Phys. Lett. 364, 303–308 (2002).
Chauvet, O., Benoit, J. M. & Corraze, B. Electrical, magneto-transport and localization of charge carriers in nanocomposites based on carbon nanotubes. Carbon 42, 949–952 (2004).
Chang, T. E. et al. Microscopic mechanism of reinforcement in single-wall carbon nanotube/polypropylene nanocomposites. Polymer 46, 439–444 (2005).
Stephan, C. et al. Raman spectroscopy and conductivity measurements on polymer-multi-walled carbon nanotubes composites. J. Mater. Res. 17, 396–400 (2002).
Barrau, S., Demont, P., Peigney, A., Laurent, C. & Lacabanne, C. DC and AC conductivity of carbon nanotubes-polyepoxy composites. Macromolecules 36, 5187–5194 (2003).
Ruan, S. L., Gao, P., Yang, X. G. & Yu, T. X. Toughning high performance ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene using multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Polymer 44, 5643–5654 (2003).
Meincke, O. et al. Mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of carbon-nanotube filled polyamide-6 and its blends with acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene. Polymer 45, 739–748 (2004).
Kharchenko, S. B., Douglas, J. F., Obrzut, J., Grulke, E. A. & Milger, K. B. Flow-induced properties of nanotube-filled polymer materials. Nature Mater. 3, 564–568 (2004).
Lozano, K., Yang, S. & Zeng, Q. Rheological analysis of vapor-grown carbon nanofiber-reinforced polyethylene composites. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 93, 155–162 (2004).
Zeng, J., Saltysiak, B., Johnson, W. S., Schiraldi, D. A. & Kumar, S. Processing and properties of poly(methyl methacrylate)/carbon nano fiber composites. Composites B 35, 173–178 (2003).
Xu, Y., Higgins, B. & Brittain, W. J. Bottom-up synthesis of PS-CNF nanocomposites. Polymer 46, 799–810 (2005).
Gauthier, C., Chazeau, L., Prasse, T. & Cavaille, J. Y. Reinforcement effects of vapor grown carbon nanofibers as fillers in rubbery matrixes. Compos. Sci. Technol. 65, 335–343 (2005).
Peeterbroeck, S. et al. Polymer-layered silicate-carbon nanotube nanocomposites: unique nanofiller synergistic effect. Compos. Sci. Technol. 64, 2317–2323 (2004).
Beyer, G. Filler blend of carbon nanotubes and organoclays with improved char as a new flame retardant system for polymers and cable applications. Fire Mater. 29, 61–69 (2005).
Kashiwagi, T. et al. Thermal degradation and flammability properties of poly(propylene)/carbon nanotube composites. Macromol. Rapid Commun. 23, 761–765 (2002).
Kashiwagi, T. et al. Thermal and flammability properties of polypropylene/carbon nanotube nanocomposites. Polymer 45, 4227–4239 (2004).
Kashiwagi, T. et al. Flammability properties of polymer nanocomposites with single-walled carbon nanotubes: effects of nanotube dispersion and concentration. Polymer 46, 471–481 (2005).
Schartel, B., Pötschke, P., Knoll, U. & Abdel-Goad, M. Fire behavior of polyamide 6/multiwall carbon nanotube nanocomposites. Eur. Polym. J. 41, 1061–1070 (2005).
Du, F. et al. Nanotube networks in polymer nanocomposites: rheology and electrical conductivity. Macromolecules 37, 9048–9055 (2004).
Bicerano, J., Douglas, J. F. & Brune, D. A. Model for the viscosity of particle dispersions. J.M.S.-Rev. Macromol. Chem. Phys. C 39, 561–642 (1999).
Hough, L. A., Islam, M. F., Janmey, P. A. & Yodh, A. G. Viscosity of single wall carbon nanotube suspensions. Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 168102 (2004).
Pötschke, P., Fornes, T. D. & Paul, D. R. Rheological behavior of multiwalled carbon nanotube/polycarbonate composites. Polymer 43, 3247–3255 (2002).
Lazano, K., Yang, S. & Zeng, Q. Rheological analysis of vapor-grown carbon nanofiber-reinforced polyethylene composites. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 93, 155–162 (2004).
Yurekel, K. et al. Structure and dynamics of carbon black-filled elastomers. J. Polym. Sci. B 39, 256–275 (2001).