NMR of water in biological systems
Tóm tắt
A simple relationship has been thought to exist between the dynamics of water in heterogeneous (liquid-solid) systems and the NMR response. This relationship is usually expressed by the Bloembergen-Purcell-Pound (BPP) equations for relaxation and the phase model. However, a requirement for the use of the BPP theory is that motions take place in an isotropic, infinite and three-dimensional space. It is shown that the mere presence of solid surfaces causes the appearance of solidlike features in the NMR response of the liquid even if its dynamics is directly affected by the surfaces. Some of these «topological» or «indirect» surface effects are of the same kind as the low-dimensionality effects. Their order of magnitude is estimated for simple geometries and by treating the liquid motion in a hydrodynamic approximation. Comparison with the experiment is carried on in a companion paper.
Tài liệu tham khảo
R. Cooke andI. D. Kuntz:Ann. Rev. Biophys. Bioeng.,3, 95 (1974).
See, for example,D. C. Chang, C. F. Hazlewood:J. Magn. Reson.,18, 550 (1975).
B. M. Fung andP. S. Puon:Biophys. J.,33, 27 (1981).
K. R. Brownstein andC. E. Tarr:Phys. Rev. A,19, 2446 (1979).
M. H. Cohen andK. S. Mendelson:J. Appl. Phys.,53, 1127 (1982).
A. Abragam:The Principles of Nuclear Magnetism (Oxford, 1961).
L. Borghi, A. De Ambrosis, S. Aldrovandi andM. Villa:Nuovo Cimento D,2, 1033 (1983).
For the influence of paramagnetic ions in biological systems see,e.g.,B. Blicharska,Z. Florkonski,J. W. Hennel,G. Held andF. Noak:Biochim. Biophys. Acta,207, 381 (1970).
K. R. Foster, A. H. Resing andA. N. Garroway:Science,194, 324 (1976).
J. L. Bjorkstam andM. Villa:Magn. Reson. Rev.,6, 1 (1980).
L. P. Kadanoff andP. C. Martin:Ann. Phys.,24, 419 (1963).
R. I. Cukier andK. Lakatos-Lindenberg:J. Chem. Phys.,57, 3427 (1972).
J. L. Bjorkstam andM. Villa:Phys. Rev. B,22, 5025 (1980).
R. H. Walmsley andM. Shporer:J. Chem. Phys.,68, 2584 (1978).
D. E. Woessner:J. Magn. Reson.,39, 297 (1980).
C. F. Hazlewood, B. L. Nichols andN. F. Chamberlain:Nature (London),222, 747 (1969).
J. M. Deutsch:J. Chem. Phys.,56, 6076 (1972).
J. P. Boucher, M. Ahmed Bakheit, M. Nechtschein, M. Villa, G. Bonera andF. Borsa:Phys. Rev. B,13, 4098 (1976).
H. J. Tait andF. Franks:Nature (London),230, 91 (1971).
G. A. Hoeve andS. R. Kakinaya:J. Phys. Chem.,80, 745 (1976).
C. Michelsen andH. J. C. Berendsen:J. Chem. Phys. 59, 296 (1972).