Muzinöse Tumoren des Peritoneums

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 94 - Trang 823-831 - 2023
Anne Kristin Fischer1, Andrea Tannapfel2, Alexander Quaas1
1Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Köln, Köln, Deutschland
2BG Universitätsklinikum Bergmannsheil Bochum, Bochum, Deutschland

Tóm tắt

Die disseminierte peritoneale Aussaat muzinbildener Tumoren ist eine seltene maligne Erkrankung mit unterschiedlicher Prognose. Histomorphologische Kriterien sind maßgeblich an der prognostischen Einschätzung beteiligt. Die vergangenen 10 Jahre haben zu einer Vereinheitlichung der Nomenklatur und in der Folge zur Etablierung von Therapiestandards geführt. Dieser Artikel soll den aktuellen Stand der pathologischen Klassifikation, des Stagings und Gradings vermitteln. Selektive Literaturrecherche in PubMed und Medline. Die überwiegende Mehrzahl der disseminierten peritonealen muzinösen Erkrankungen, die dem klinischen Bild des Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) entspricht, entspringt aus muzinösen Tumoren der Appendix vermiformis. Hier sind zu unterscheiden: 1) „low-grade“ appendikale muzinöse Neoplasie (LAMN), 2) (sehr seltene) „high-grade“ appendikale muzinöse Neoplasie (HAMN), 3) muzinöses Adenokarzinom ohne Siegelringzellen (G2), 4) muzinöses Adenokarzinom mit Siegelringzellen oder Siegelringzellkarzinom (G3). Nur selten induzieren andere Primärtumoren eine PMP. Begriffe wie Mukozele oder muzinöses Zystadenom der Appendix entsprechen der LAMN und sollen nicht mehr verwendet werden. Prognostisch unterschieden werden ferner das Low-grade-PMP, das meist aus der LAMN entspringt, von dem prognostisch ungünstigeren High-grade-PMP, die meist aus einem muzinösen/siegelringzelligen Adenokarzinom oder der seltenen HAMN entsteht. Die disseminierte peritoneale muzinöse Erkrankung/PMP muss dann noch einmal abgegrenzt werden von der prognostisch exzellenten lokalen Muzinbildung der Periappendixregion. Die aktuell gültige Nomenklatur, wie sie durch Konsensusmeetings entstanden ist und in Teilen auch in die aktuellen WHO-Klassifikation 2019 Eingang gefunden hat, hat wesentlich mit dazu beigetragen, dass die Prognose der Patient*innen heute besser abgeschätzt werden kann und effektive Therapien entwickelt werden konnten.

Tài liệu tham khảo

International Agency for Research on Cancer (2019) WHO classification of tumours editorial board. Digestive system tumours, 5. Aufl. WHO classification of tumours series. International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon Kang D‑W et al (2021) Standardization of the pathologic diagnosis of appendiceal mucinous neoplasms. J Pathol Transl Med 55:247–264h. https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2021.05.28 Montgomery E, Yantiss RK, Snover DC, Tang LH (2017) Tumors of the Intestines. AFIP Atlas of Tumor Pathology Series 4. American Registry of Pathology, Washington DC Werth R (1884) Klinische and anastomische Untersuchungen zur Lehre von der Bauchgeschwullsten and der Laparotomie. Arch Gynecol Obstet 84:100–118 Fraenkel E (1901) Ueber das sogenannte Pseudomyxoma peritonei. Munch Med Wochenschr 48:965–971 Carr NJ, Cecil TD, Mohamed F, Sobin LH, Sugarbaker PH, González-Moreno S, Taflampas P, Chapman S, Moran BJ, Peritoneal Surface Oncology Group International (2016) A consensus for classification and pathologic reporting of pseudomyxoma peritonei and associated appendiceal neoplasia: the results of the peritoneal surface oncology group international (PSOGI) modified Delphi process. Am J Surg Pathol 40(1):14–26. https://doi.org/10.1097/PAS.0000000000000535 Agrawal AK, Bobiński P, Grzebieniak Z, Rudnicki J, Marek G, Kobielak P, Kazanowski M, Agrawal S, Hałoń A (2014) Pseudomyxoma peritonei originating from urachus-case report and review of the literature. Curr Oncol 21(1):e155–e165. https://doi.org/10.3747/co.21.1695 Lin YL, Xu DZ, Li XB, Yan FC, Xu HB, Peng Z, Li Y (2021) Consensuses and controversies on pseudomyxoma peritonei: a review of the published consensus statements and guidelines. Orphanet J Rare Dis 16(1):85. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13023-021-01723-6 Ioannidis O, Cheva A, Paraskevas G, Papadimitriou N, Konstantara A, Chatzopoulos S, Kotronis A, Makrantonakis A, Kakoutis E (2012) Pseudomyxoma retroperitonei: report of 2 cases and review of the literature. Rev Esp Enferm Dig 104(5):268–275. https://doi.org/10.4321/s1130-01082012000500009 Mukherjee A, Parvaiz A, Cecil TD, Moran BJ (2004) Pseudomyxoma peritonei usually originates from the appendix: a review of the evidence. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol 25(4):411–414 Carr NJ, Finch J, Ilesley IC, Chandrakumaran K, Mohamed F, Mirnezami A, Cecil T, Moran B (2012) Pathology and prognosis in pseudomyxoma peritonei: a review of 274 cases. J Clin Pathol 65(10):919–923. https://doi.org/10.1136/jclinpath-2012-200843 Vang R, Gown AM, Zhao C, Barry TS, Isacson C, Richardson MS, Ronnett BM (2007) Ovarian mucinous tumors associated with mature cystic teratomas: morphologic and immunohistochemical analysis identifies a subset of potential teratomatous origin that shares features of lower gastrointestinal tract mucinous tumors more commonly encountered as secondary tumors in the ovary. Am J Surg Pathol 31(6):854–869. https://doi.org/10.1097/PAS.0b013e31802efb45 Ronnett BM, Seidman JD (2003) Mucinous tumors arising in ovarian mature cystic teratomas: relationship to the clinical syndrome of pseudomyxoma peritonei. Am J Surg Pathol 27(5):650–657. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000478-200305000-00008 McKenney JK, Soslow RA, Longacre TA (2008) Ovarian mature teratomas with mucinous epithelial neoplasms: morphologic heterogeneity and association with pseudomyxoma peritonei. Am J Surg Pathol 32(5):645–655. https://doi.org/10.1097/PAS.0b013e31815b486d Chejfec G, Rieker WJ, Jablokow VR, Gould VE (1986) Pseudomyxoma peritonei associated with colloid carcinoma of the pancreas. Gastroenterology 90(1):202–205. https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-5085(86)90094-6 Longnecker DS (1998) Observations on the etiology and pathogenesis of intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas. Hepatogastroenterology 45(24):1973–1980 Zanelli M, Casadei R, Santini D, Gallo C, Verdirame F, La Donna M, Marrano D (1998) Pseudomyxoma peritonei associated with intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas. Pancreas 17(1):100–102. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006676-199807000-00014 Mizuta Y, Akazawa Y, Shiozawa K, Ohara H, Ohba K, Ohnita K, Isomoto H, Takeshima F, Omagari K, Tanaka K, Yasutake T, Nakagoe T, Shirono K, Kohno S (2005) Pseudomyxoma peritonei accompanied by intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas. Pancreatology 5(4–5):470–474. https://doi.org/10.1159/000086551 Hawes D, Robinson R, Wira R (1991) Pseudomyxoma peritonei from metastatic colloid carcinoma of the breast. Gastrointest Radiol 16:80–82. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01887311 Kurita M, Komatsu H, Hata Y, Shiina S, Ota S, Terano A, Sugimoto T, Oka T, Nanba Y (1994) Pseudomyxoma peritonei due to adenocarcinoma of the lung: case report. J Gastroenterol 29(3):344–348. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02358375 Ikejiri K, Anai H, Kitamura K, Yakabe S, Saku M, Yoshida K (1996) Pseudomyxoma peritonei concomitant with early gastric cancer: report of a case. Surg Today 26(11):923–925. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00311797 Seidman JD, Elsayed AM, Sobin LH, Tavassoli FA (1993) Association of mucinous tumors of the ovary and appendix. A clinicopathologic study of 25 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 17(1):22–34. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000478-199301000-00003 Du Plessis DG, Louw JA, Wranz PA (1999) Mucinous epithelial cysts of the spleen associated with pseudomyxoma peritonei. Histopathology 35(6):551–557. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2559.1999.00796.x Singh O, Gupta S, Shukla S, Mathur RK (2009) A rare case of primary mucinous cystadenoma of spleen. J Clin Med Res 1(4):237–239. https://doi.org/10.4021/jocmr2009.09.1257 Arly KS, Stephenson DV Jr, Davis WC (1968) Giant retroperitoneal mucocele simulating pseudomyxoma peritonei and mucinous adenocarcinoma. Am J Surg 116(3):439–443. https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9610(68)90238-9 Sugarbaker PH (1994) Pseudomyxoma peritonei. A cancer whose biology is characterized by a redistribution phenomenon. Ann Surg 219(2):109–111. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000658-199402000-00001 Martínez A, Ferron G, Mery E, Gladieff L, Delord JP, Querleu D (2012) Peritoneal pseudomyxoma arising from the urachus. Surg Oncol 21(1):1–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.suronc.2009.12.004 Yan TD, Sugarbaker PH, Brun EA (2006) Pseudomyxoma peritonei from mucinous adenocarcinoma of the urachus. J Clin Oncol 24(30):4944–4946. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2006.06.7223 Shetty S, Thomas P, Ramanan B, Sharma P, Govindarajan V, Loggie B (2013) Kras mutations and p53 overexpression in pseudomyxoma peritonei: association with phenotype and prognosis. J Surg Res 180(1):97–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2012.10.053 Nishikawa G, Sekine S, Ogawa R, Matsubara A, Mori T, Taniguchi H, Kushima R, Hiraoka N, Tsuta K, Tsuda H, Kanai Y (2013) Frequent GNAS mutations in low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms. Br J Cancer 108(4):951–958. https://doi.org/10.1038/bjc.2013.47 Bazan V, Migliavacca M, Tubiolo C, Macaluso M, Zanna I, Corsale S, Amato A, Calò V, Dardanoni G, Morello V, La Farina M, Albanese I, Tomasino RM, Gebbia N, Russo A (2002) Have p53 gene mutations and protein expression a different biological significance in colorectal cancer? J Cell Physiol 191(2):237–246. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.10088 van de Haar J, Ma X, Ooft SN et al (2023) Codon-specific KRAS mutations predict survival benefit of trifluridine/tipiracil in metastatic colorectal cancer. Nat Med. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-023-02240-8 Nummela P, Saarinen L, Thiel A, Järvinen P, Lehtonen R, Lepistö A, Järvinen H, Aaltonen LA, Hautaniemi S, Ristimäki A (2015) Genomic profile of pseudomyxoma peritonei analyzed using next-generation sequencing and immunohistochemistry. Int J Cancer 136(5):E282–E289. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.29245 Panarelli NC, Yantiss RK (2011) Mucinous neoplasms of the appendix and peritoneum. Arch Pathol Lab Med 135(10):1261–1268. https://doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2011-0034-RA Ronnett BM, Zahn CM, Kurman RJ, Kass ME, Sugarbaker PH, Shmookler BM (1995) Disseminated peritoneal adenomucinosis and peritoneal mucinous carcinomatosis. A clinicopathologic analysis of 109 cases with emphasis on distinguishing pathologic features, site of origin, prognosis, and relationship to ”pseudomyxoma peritonei“. Am J Surg Pathol 19(12):1390–1408. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000478-199512000-00006 Stewart CJ, Ardakani NM, Doherty DA, Young RH (2014) An evaluation of the morphologic features of low-grade mucinous neoplasms of the appendix metastatic in the ovary, and comparison with primary ovarian mucinous tumors. Int J Gynecol Pathol 33(1):1–10. https://doi.org/10.1097/PGP.0b013e318284e070 Kurman RJ, Ellenson LH, Ronnett BM (2019) Blausteins’s pathology of the female genital tract, 7. Aufl. Springer, Cham