Multiple risk factors for Parkinson's disease

Journal of the Neurological Sciences - Tập 217 - Trang 169-174 - 2004
Jay M. Gorell1,2, Edward L. Peterson2,3, Benjamin A. Rybicki2,3, Christine Cole Johnson2,3
1Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health Sciences Center, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
2Environmental Health Sciences Center in Molecular and Cellular Toxicology with Human Applications, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
3Department of Biostatistics and Research Epidemiology, Henry Ford Health Sciences Center, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA

Tài liệu tham khảo

Polymeropoulos, 1997, Mutation in the α-synuclein gene identified in families with Parkinson's disease, Science, 276, 2045, 10.1126/science.276.5321.2045 Matsumine, 1997, Localization of a gene for an autosomal recessive form of juvenile parkinsonism to chromosome 6q25.2–27, Am. J. Hum. Genet., 60, 588 Scott, 1997, Genetic complexity and Parkinson's disease, Science, 277, 387, 10.1126/science.277.5324.387 Kruger, 1998, Ala30Pro mutation in the gene encoding α-synuclein in Parkinson's disease, Nat. Genet., 18, 106, 10.1038/ng0298-106 Gasser, 1998, A susceptibility locus for Parkinson's disease maps to chromosome 2p13, Nat. Genet., 18, 262, 10.1038/ng0398-262 Vaughan, 1998, The α-synuclein Ala53Thr mutation is not a common cause of familial Parkinson's disease: a study of 230 European cases, Ann. Neurol., 44, 270, 10.1002/ana.410440221 Chan, 1998, Failure to find the α-synuclein gene missense mutation (G209A) in 100 patients with younger onset Parkinson's disease, Neurology, 50, 513, 10.1212/WNL.50.2.513 Vaughan, 2001, Genetics of parkinsonism: a review, Ann. Hum. Genet., 111, 10.1046/j.1469-1809.2001.6520111.x Mouradian, 2002, Recent advances in the genetics and pathogenesis of Parkinson disease, Neurology, 58, 179, 10.1212/WNL.58.2.179 Tanner, 1999, Parkinson disease in twins: an etiologic study, JAMA, 281, 341, 10.1001/jama.281.4.341 Rybicki, 1999, A family history of Parkinson's disease (PD) and its effect on other PD risk factors, Neuroepidemiology, 18, 270, 10.1159/000026222 Payami, 1994, Increased risk of Parkinson's disease in parents and siblings of patients, Ann. Neurol., 36, 659, 10.1002/ana.410360417 Marder, 1996, Risk of Parkinson's disease among first-degree relatives: a community-based study, Neurology, 47, 155, 10.1212/WNL.47.1.155 Tanner, 1996, Epidemiology of Parkinson's disease, Neurol. Clin., 14, 317, 10.1016/S0733-8619(05)70259-0 Gorell, 2003, Environmental risk factors for Parkinson's disease, 349 Gorell, 1997, Occupational exposures to metals as risk factors for Parkinson's disease, Neurology, 48, 650, 10.1212/WNL.48.3.650 Gorell, 1999, Occupational exposure to manganese, copper, lead, iron, mercury and zinc and the risk of Parkinson's disease, Neurotoxicology, 20, 239 Gorell, 1998, The risk of Parkinson's disease with exposure to pesticides, farming, well water and rural living, Neurology, 50, 1346, 10.1212/WNL.50.5.1346 Gorell, 1999, Smoking and Parkinson's disease: a dose–response relationship, Neurology, 52, 115, 10.1212/WNL.52.1.115 Gorell, 1999, Smoking and Parkinson's disease, Neurology, 53, 1158, 10.1212/WNL.53.5.1158 Rybicki, 1995, Demographic differences in referral rates to neurologists of patients with suspected Parkinson's disease: implications for case-control study design, Neuroepidemiology, 14, 72, 10.1159/000109781 Mutch, 1991, A screening and alerting questionnaire for Parkinsonism, Neuroepidemiology, 10, 150, 10.1159/000110261 Folstein, 1975, Mini-mental state: a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician, J. Psychiatr. Res., 12, 189, 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 Hosmer, 1989 Bruzzi, 1985, Estimating the population attributable risk for multiple factors using case-control data, Am. J. Epidemiol., 122, 904, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114174 Semchuk, 1993, Parkinson's disease: a test of the multifactorial etiologic hypothesis, Neurology, 43, 1173, 10.1212/WNL.43.6.1173 Liou, 1997, Environmental risk factors and Parkinson's disease: a case-control study in Taiwan, Neurology, 48, 1583, 10.1212/WNL.48.6.1583 Taylor, 1999, Environmental, medical and family history risk factors for Parkinson's disease: a New England-based case control study, Am. J. Med. Genet., 88, 742, 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628(19991215)88:6<742::AID-AJMG29>3.0.CO;2-# Zorzon, 2002, Familial and environmental risk factors for Parkinson's disease: a case-control study in north-east Italy, Acta Neurol. Scand., 105, 77, 10.1034/j.1600-0404.2002.1o040.x Langston, 1983, Chronic parkinsonism in humans due to a product of meperidine analog synthesis, Science, 219, 979, 10.1126/science.6823561 Burns, 1983, A primate model of parkinsonism: selective destruction of dopaminergic neurons in the pars compacta or the substantia nigra by N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 80, 4546, 10.1073/pnas.80.14.4546 Semchuk, 1992, Parkinson's disease and exposure to agricultural work and pesticide chemicals, Neurology, 42, 1328, 10.1212/WNL.42.7.1328 Tanner, 2002, Smoking and Parkinson's disease in twins, Neurology, 58, 581, 10.1212/WNL.58.4.581