Cập nhật về Bệnh đa xơ cứng: Tìm hiểu về Sinh lý bệnh và Các phương pháp điều trị miễn dịch mới

Der Nervenarzt - Tập 78 - Trang 883-911 - 2007
C. Kleinschnitz1, S.G. Meuth1, B.C. Kieseier2, H. Wiendl1
1Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universitätsklinikum, Würzburg, Deutschland
2Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik , Universitätsklinikum, Düsseldorf, Deutschland

Tóm tắt

Bệnh đa xơ cứng (MS) là một bệnh mãn tính chủ yếu ảnh hưởng đến những người trưởng thành trẻ tuổi và có thể dẫn đến tàn tật lâu dài. Mặc dù nguyên nhân gây ra bệnh MS vẫn chưa được biết đến, nhưng 10 năm qua đã ghi nhận những thành công đáng kể trong việc hiểu rõ sinh lý bệnh cơ bản. Trong khi MS được coi là hình mẫu của một bệnh tự miễn viêm nhiễm của hệ thần kinh trung ương (HTKTƯ), các dữ liệu gần đây nhấn mạnh tầm quan trọng của các cơ chế thoái hóa thần kinh thứ cấp và nguyên phát. Việc cấp phép cho kháng thể đơn dòng đầu tiên trong điều trị thần kinh, Natalizumab (Tysabri®), cho thấy sự phát triển nhanh chóng trong lĩnh vực này. Các chiến lược điều trị gần đây đặc biệt tập trung vào việc hạn chế tổn thương trục (Bảo vệ trục/Thần kinh) và/hoặc thúc đẩy quá trình tái myelin hóa. Bài tổng hợp này đề cập đến những phát hiện mới trong sinh lý bệnh của MS; phần 2 sẽ tổng hợp các nghiên cứu lâm sàng về các liệu pháp đang diễn ra hoặc vừa mới hoàn thành.

Từ khóa

#Bệnh đa xơ cứng #sinh lý bệnh #điều trị miễn dịch #kháng thể đơn dòng #tổn thương trục #tái myelin hóa

Tài liệu tham khảo

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