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Tương tác giữa mẹ và trẻ sơ sinh và thể tích não vùng ở giai đoạn sơ sinh: một nghiên cứu MRI
Tóm tắt
Đã có sự đồng thuận chung cho rằng não bộ con người có phản ứng đối với những ảnh hưởng từ môi trường, và não bộ của nam giới có thể đặc biệt nhạy cảm với những khó khăn trong giai đoạn đầu đời. Tuy nhiên, điều này chủ yếu dựa trên các nghiên cứu hồi cứu về trẻ em lớn hơn và thanh thiếu niên đã phải đối mặt với những môi trường khắc nghiệt trong thời thơ ấu. Ít được biết đến hơn về cách các biến thể chuẩn trong sự tương tác giữa cha mẹ và trẻ em liên quan đến sự phát triển của não bộ trẻ sơ sinh trong các bối cảnh thông thường. Để giải quyết điều này, chúng tôi đã sử dụng hình ảnh cộng hưởng từ (MRI) để nghiên cứu mối quan hệ giữa các thang đo quan sát sự tương tác giữa mẹ và trẻ sơ sinh với thể tích não khu vực trong một mẫu cộng đồng gồm những trẻ sơ sinh từ 3 đến 6 tháng tuổi (N = 39). Ngoài ra, chúng tôi đã xem xét liệu mối quan hệ này có khác nhau giữa trẻ sơ sinh nam và nữ hay không. Chúng tôi phát hiện rằng sự nhạy cảm của mẹ thấp hơn có liên quan đến thể tích chất xám dưới vỏ nhỏ hơn trong toàn bộ mẫu, và điều này tương tự ở cả hai giới. Tuy nhiên, những trẻ sơ sinh nam thể hiện mức độ giao tiếp và tham gia tích cực cao hơn trong những tương tác ban đầu có thể tích tiểu não nhỏ hơn. Những phát hiện sơ bộ này gợi ý rằng các biến thể trong các khía cạnh tương tác giữa mẹ và trẻ sơ sinh liên quan đến sự khác biệt trong sự phát triển não bộ của trẻ sơ sinh. Mặc dù nghiên cứu là cắt ngang và không thể suy ra nguyên nhân, những phát hiện cho thấy một tương tác năng động giữa não bộ và môi trường có thể quan trọng khi xem xét các can thiệp nhằm tối ưu hóa kết quả cho trẻ sơ sinh.
Từ khóa
#tương tác mẹ và trẻ #phát triển não bộ #MRI #trẻ sơ sinh #nhạy cảm của mẹTài liệu tham khảo
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