Molecular evidence of cryptic speciation in planktonic foraminifers and their relation to oceanic provinces

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America - Tập 96 Số 6 - Trang 2864-2868 - 1999
Colomban de Vargas1, Richard D. Norris1, Louisette Zaninetti1, Stuart W. Gibb1, Jan Pawłowski1,2
1Département de Zoologie et Biologie Animale, Université de Genève, 1224 Chêne-Bougeries, Switzerland; Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, The Hoe, Plymouth PL1 3DH, United Kingdom; Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543; and Museum of Natural History, 1211 Geneva 6, Switzerland
2Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543; and TMuseum of Natural History, 1211 Geneva 6, Switzerland

Tóm tắt

The fossil record of planktonic foraminifers is a key source of data on the biodiversity and evolution of marine plankton. One of the most distinctive foraminiferal taxa, Orbulina universa , widely used as a stratigraphic and paleoclimatic index, has always been regarded as a single species. Here we present a phylogenetic analysis of Orbulina small subunit rDNA sequences from 25 pelagic stations covering 100° latitude in the Atlantic Ocean. The genetic data reveal the presence of three cryptic species, whose distribution is clearly correlated to hydrographic provinces, and particularly to sea-surface total chlorophyll a concentration. Our results, together with previous studies, suggest that a considerable part of the diversity among planktonic foraminifers has been overlooked in morphological taxonomies. Our data also support the idea that planktonic foraminifers, even if adapted to particular hydrographic conditions, are high-dispersal organisms whose speciation may be similar to that of other high-dispersal taxa in which reproductive mechanisms and behavior, rather than just geographic barriers to dispersal, play key roles in species formation and maintenance.

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Thông tin xuất bản

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Tập 96 Số 6

2864-2868

Thông tin tác giả