Molecular characterization of Staphylococcus aureus carrying the panton-valentine leucocidin genes in northern Spain

Kaneko, 1998, Complete nucleotide sequence and molecular characterization of the temperate staphylococcal bacteriopharge phiPVL carrying Panton-Valentine leukocidin genes, Gene, 215, 57, 10.1016/S0378-1119(98)00278-9 Lina, 1999, Involvement of Panton-Valentine leukocidin-producing Staphylococcus aureus in primary skin infections and pneumonia, Clin Infect Dis, 29, 1128, 10.1086/313461 Vandenesch, 2003, Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus carrying Panton-Valentine leukocidin genes: worldwide emergence, Emerg Infect Dis, 9, 978, 10.3201/eid0908.030089 Moran, 2006, Methicillin-resistant S. aureus infections among patients in the emergency department, N Engl J Med, 355, 666, 10.1056/NEJMoa055356 Del Giudice, 2006, Emergence of two populations of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with distinct epidemiological, clinical and biological features, isolated from patients with community-acquired skin infections, Br J Dermatol, 154, 118, 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06910.x Manzur, 2008, Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections: an emerging threat in Spain, Clin Microbiol Infect, 14, 377, 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2007.01934.x Tristan, 2007, Global distribution of Panton-Valentine leukocidin–positive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, 2006, Emerg Infect Dis, 13, 594, 10.3201/eid1304.061316 Mendes, 2010, Characterization of baseline methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates recovered from phase IV clinical trial for linezolid, J Clin Microbiol, 48, 568, 10.1128/JCM.01384-09 Goering, 2008, Molecular epidemiology of methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus isolates from global clinical trials, J Clin Microbiol, 46, 2842, 10.1128/JCM.00521-08 Kennedy, 2008, Epidemic community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: recent clonal expansion and diversification, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 105, 1327, 10.1073/pnas.0710217105 Diep, 2006, Complete genome sequence of USA300, an epidemic clone of community-acquired meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Lancet, 367, 731, 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68231-7 Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, 2010 Saïd-Salim, 2005, Differential distribution and expression of Panton-Valentine leucocidin among community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains, J Clin Microbiol, 43, 3373, 10.1128/JCM.43.7.3373-3379.2005 Shopsin, 1999, Evaluation of protein A gene polymorphic region DNA sequencing for typing of Staphylococcus aureus strains, J Clin Microbiol, 37, 3556, 10.1128/JCM.37.11.3556-3563.1999 Oliveira, 2002, Multiplex PCR strategy for rapid identification of structural types and variants of the mec element in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 46, 2155, 10.1128/AAC.46.7.2155-2161.2002 Milheiriço, 2007, Multiplex PCR strategy for subtyping the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec type IV in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: SCCmec IV multiplex, J Antimicrob Chemother, 60, 42, 10.1093/jac/dkm112 Campbell, 2008, Genotypic characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from a multinational trial of complicated skin and skin structure infections, J Clin Microbiol, 46, 678, 10.1128/JCM.01822-07 Trallero, 1981, Unusual multiresistant Staphylococcus aureus in a newborn nursery, Am J Dis Child, 135, 689 Vindel, 2009, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Spain: molecular epidemiology and utility of different typing methods, J Clin Microbiol, 47, 1620, 10.1128/JCM.01579-08 Alkiza, 2004, Practice guidelines in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in gerontological centres, nursing homes and medium to long-term care units, Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol, 39, 329, 10.1016/S0211-139X(04)74982-3 Blanco, 2011, Molecular epidemiology of Panton-Valentine leukocidin-positive Staphylococcus aureus in Spain: emergence of the USA300 clone in an autochthonous population, J Clin Microbiol, 49, 433, 10.1128/JCM.02201-10 Wannet, 2005, Emergence of virulent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains carrying Panton-Valentine leucocidin genes in The Netherlands, J Clin Microbiol, 43, 3341, 10.1128/JCM.43.7.3341-3345.2005 Cercenado, 2008, Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Madrid, Spain: transcontinental importation and polyclonal emergence of Panton-Valentine leukocidin-positive isolates, Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis, 61, 143, 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2008.01.001 Larsen, 2007, Emergence and dissemination of the methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus USA300 clone in Denmark (2000–2005), Euro Surveill, 12, 22, 10.2807/esm.12.02.00682-en Goering, 2007, Epidemiologic distribution of the arginine catabolic mobile element among selected methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus isolates, J Clin Microbiol, 45, 1981, 10.1128/JCM.00273-07 Baranovich, 2010, Molecular characterization and susceptibility of methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus isolates from hospitals and the community in Vladivostok, Russia, Clin Microbiol Infect, 16, 575, 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2009.02891.x Monecke, 2007, High diversity of Panton-Valentine leukocidin-positive, methicillin-susceptible isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and implications for the evolution of community-associated methicillin-resistant S. aureus, Clin Microbiol Infect, 13, 1157, 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2007.01833.x Han, 2010, Panton-Valentine leukocidin-positive MRSA, Shanghai, Emerg Infect Dis, 16, 731, 10.3201/eid1604.081324 Aires-de-Sousa, 2006, Unusually high prevalence of nosocomial Panton-Valentine leukocidin-positive Staphylococcus aureus isolates in Cape Verde Islands, J Clin Microbiol, 44, 3790, 10.1128/JCM.01192-06 Breurec, 2011, Epidemiology of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus lineages in five major African towns: high prevalence of Panton-Valentine leukocidin genes, Clin Microbiol Infect, 17, 633, 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2010.03320.x Hochedez, 2009, Skin and soft tissue infections in returning travelers, Am J Trop Med Hyg, 80, 431, 10.4269/ajtmh.2009.80.431 Otto, 2011, MRSA-terious enemy among us: end of the PVL controversy?, Nat Med, 17, 169, 10.1038/nm0211-169