Molecular analysis of herbivore‐induced condensed tannin synthesis: cloning and expression of dihydroflavonol reductase from trembling aspen (<i>Populus tremuloides</i>)

Plant Journal - Tập 32 Số 5 - Trang 701-712 - 2002
Darren James. Peters1, C. Peter Constabel2
1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E9, and
2Center for Forest Biology & Biology Department, University of Victoria, PO Box 3020, STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3N5

Tóm tắt

SummaryIn order to study condensed tannin synthesis and its induction by herbivory, a dihydroflavonol reductase (DFR) cDNA was isolated from trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides). Bacterial overexpression demonstrated that this cDNA encodes a functional DFR enzyme, and Southern analysis revealed that DFR likely is a single‐copy gene in the aspen genome. Aspen plants that were mechanically wounded showed a dramatic increase in DFR expression after 24 h in both wounded leaves and unwounded leaves on wounded trees. Feeding by forest tent caterpillar (Malacosoma disstria) and satin moth (Leucoma salicis) larvae, and treatment with methyl jasmonate, all strongly induced DFR expression. DFR enzyme activity was also induced in wounded aspen leaves, and phytochemical assays revealed that condensed tannin concentrations significantly increased in wounded and systemic leaves. The expression of other genes involved in the phenylpropanoid pathway were also induced by wounding. Our findings suggest that the induction of condensed tannins, compounds known to be important for defense against herbivores, is mediated by increased expression of DFR and other phenylpropanoid genes.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

10.1007/s00442-001-0839-7

10.1890/0012-9658(1997)078[1696:DOSAAA]2.0.CO;2

10.1007/BF02066238

10.1073/pnas.93.22.12053

Bradford M., 1976, A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principles of protein‐dye binding, Anal. Biochem., 71, 248, 10.1016/0003-2697(76)90527-3

Bradshaw H.D., 1989, Systemically wound‐responsive genes in poplar trees encode proteins similar to sweet potato sporamins and legume Kunitz trypsin inhibitors, Plant Mol. Biol., 14, 51, 10.1007/BF00015654

10.1073/pnas.96.22.12929

Constabel C.P., 1999, Induced Plant Defenses Against Herbivores and Pathogens, 137

10.1104/pp.124.1.285

10.1046/j.1365-313X.1999.00529.x

10.2307/3870059

10.1021/bk-1991-0449.ch012

10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(199708)74:4<513::AID-JSFA825>3.0.CO;2-B

10.1016/S0378-1127(98)00560-X

10.1007/BF01880091

10.1007/BF01012267

10.1016/B978-0-12-597183-6.50015-2

10.1146/annurev.pp.40.060189.002023

10.1126/science.290.5499.2110

Hartley S.E., 1991, Phytochemical Induction by Herbivores, 105

10.1023/A:1010654711619

10.1034/j.1399-3054.2001.1120413.x

10.1078/0176-1617-00038

Haslam E., 1993, Phytochemistry and Agriculture, 215

10.1007/BF00328428

10.1073/pnas.95.9.5407

10.1007/s004420050213

Ives W.G.H., 1988, Tree and Shrub Insects of the Prairie Provinces

10.1046/j.1365-313x.2001.00962.x

Karban R., 1997, Induced Reponses to Herbivory, 10.7208/chicago/9780226424972.001.0001

10.1021/jf00031a010

10.1046/j.1365-313X.1997.11030429.x

10.1139/x71-001

10.1007/978-1-4899-1754-6_2

10.1093/nar/19.5.1154

10.1073/pnas.90.17.8043

10.1023/A:1010352307301

10.1016/S0031-9422(00)94533-3

10.1093/pcp/pcd017

Sambrook J., 1989, Molecular Cloning: a Laboratory Manual

10.1046/j.1365-313x.2001.01073.x

10.1126/science.217.4555.149

10.1046/j.1365-313X.1995.08050659.x

10.1104/pp.70.3.695

10.1104/pp.102.1.71

Swain T., 1979, Herbivores: Their Interaction with Secondary Plant Metabolites, 657

10.1111/j.1399-3054.1995.tb00782.x

10.1007/s003440000026

10.1007/s001140050407