Molecular Paleohydrology: Interpreting the Hydrogen-Isotopic Composition of Lipid Biomarkers from Photosynthesizing Organisms

Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences - Tập 40 Số 1 - Trang 221-249 - 2012
Dirk Sachse1, Isabelle Billault2, Gabriel J. Bowen3, Yoshito Chikaraishi4, Todd E. Dawson5, Sarah J. Feakins6, Katherine H. Freeman7, Clayton Magill7, Francesca A. McInerney8, Marcel T. J. van der Meer9, P. J. Polissar10, Richard J. Robins11, Julian P. Sachs12, H.‐L. Schmidt13, Alex L. Sessions14, James W. C. White15, Jason B. West16, Ansgar Kahmen17
1DFG-Leibniz Center for Surface Process and Climate Studies, Institut für Erd- und Umweltwissenschaften, Universität Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany;
2ICMMO, UMR CNRS 8182, Université Paris-Sud 11, F-91405 Orsay, France
3Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Department, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
4Institute of Biogeosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 237-0061 Yokosuka, Japan
5Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
6Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90089
7Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
8Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208
9Department of Marine Organic Biogeochemistry, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, 1790 AB Den Burg (Texel), The Netherlands
10Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, New York, 10964
11Unit for Interdisciplinary Chemistry: Synthesis, Analysis, Modelling, University of Nantes, F-44322 Nantes, France
12School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
13Lehrstuhl für Biologische Chemie, Technische Universität München, 85350 Freising, Germany
14Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125
15Departments of Geological Sciences and Environmental Studies, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309
16Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
17Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland

Tóm tắt

Hydrogen-isotopic abundances of lipid biomarkers are emerging as important proxies in the study of ancient environments and ecosystems. A decade ago, pioneering studies made use of new analytical methods and demonstrated that the hydrogen-isotopic composition of individual lipids from aquatic and terrestrial organisms can be related to the composition of their growth (i.e., environmental) water. Subsequently, compound-specific deuterium/hydrogen (D/H) ratios of sedimentary biomarkers have been increasingly used as paleohydrological proxies over a range of geological timescales. Isotopic fractionation observed between hydrogen in environmental water and hydrogen in lipids, however, is sensitive to biochemical, physiological, and environmental influences on the composition of hydrogen available for biosynthesis in cells. Here we review the factors and processes that are known to influence the hydrogen-isotopic compositions of lipids—especially n-alkanes—from photosynthesizing organisms, and we provide a framework for interpreting their D/H ratios from ancient sediments and identify future research opportunities.

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Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences

Tập 40 Số 1

221-249

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