Modulation of cellular function by polyamines

The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology - Tập 42 Số 1 - Trang 39-51 - 2010
Kazuei Igarashi1, Keiko Kashiwagi
1Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan. [email protected]

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Armstrong, 1998, Structure of a glutamate-receptor ligand-binding core in complex with kainate, Nature, 395, 913, 10.1038/27692

Atkins, 1975, Enhanced differential synthesis of proteins in a mammalian cell-free system by addition of polyamines, J Biol Chem, 250, 5688, 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)41234-9

Bachrach, 1970, Oxidized polyamines, Ann NY Acad Sci, 171, 939, 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1970.tb39400.x

Bakker, 1981, Interconversion of components of the bacterial proton motive force by electrogenic potassium transport, J Bacteriol, 147, 820, 10.1128/jb.147.3.820-826.1981

Balasundaram, 1994, Spermidine deficiency increases +1 ribosomal frameshifting efficiency and inhibits Ty1 retrotransposition in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 91, 172, 10.1073/pnas.91.1.172

Behe, 1981, Effects of methylation on a synthetic polynucleotide: the B–Z transition in poly(dG-m5dC).poly(dG-m5dC), Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 78, 1619, 10.1073/pnas.78.3.1619

Benveniste, 1993, Multiple effects of spermine on N-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptor responses of rat cultured hippocampal neurones, J Physiol, 464, 131, 10.1113/jphysiol.1993.sp019627

Butcher, 2007, Polyamine-dependent regulation of spermidine-spermine N1-acetyltransferase mRNA translation, J Biol Chem, 282, 28530, 10.1074/jbc.M701265200

Casero, 1993, Spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase—the turning point in polyamine metabolism, FASEB J, 7, 653, 10.1096/fasebj.7.8.8500690

Choi, 2000, Polyamine-depletion induces p27Kip1 and enhances dexamethasone-induced G1 arrest and apoptosis in human T lymphoblastic leukemia cells, Leuk Res, 24, 119, 10.1016/S0145-2126(99)00161-7

Coffino, 2001, Antizyme, a mediator of ubiquitin-independent proteasomal degradation, Biochimie, 83, 319, 10.1016/S0300-9084(01)01252-4

Cohen, 1998

Cooper, 1983, Identification of the hypusine-containing protein Hy+ as translation initiation factor eIF-4D, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 80, 1854, 10.1073/pnas.80.7.1854

Cunningham-Rundles, 1975, Isolation, characterization, and mapping of Escherichia coli mutants blocked in the synthesis of ornithine decarboxylase, J Bacteriol, 124, 791, 10.1128/jb.124.2.791-799.1975

Delalande, 1999, Transient increase of a protein kinase activity identified to CK2 during sea urchin development, Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 266, 425, 10.1006/bbrc.1999.1842

Donevan, 1995, Intracellular polyamines mediate inward rectification of Ca2+-permeable α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 92, 9298, 10.1073/pnas.92.20.9298

Echandi, 1975, Defective 30S ribosomal particles in a polyamine auxotroph of Escherichia coli, Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 67, 1185, 10.1016/0006-291X(75)90798-6

Ficker, 1994, Spermine and spermidine as gating molecules for inward rectifier K+ channels, Science, 266, 1068, 10.1126/science.7973666

Fukuchi, 1992, Mechanism of the inhibition of cell growth by N1,N12-bis(ethyl)spermine, Eur J Biochem, 209, 689, 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1992.tb17337.x

Fukuchi, 1994, Properties and structure of spermidine acetyltransferase in Escherichia coli, J Biol Chem, 269, 22581, 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)31685-X

Furukawa, 2003, Mechanisms of activation, inhibition and specificity: crystal structures of the NMDA receptor NR1 ligand-binding core, EMBO J, 22, 2873, 10.1093/emboj/cdg303

Grandvaux, 2005, Regulation of arginase II by interferon regulatory factor 3 and the involvement of polyamines in the antiviral response, FEBS J, 272, 3120, 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2005.04726.x

Grassilli, 1995, Is polyamine decrease a common feature of apoptosis? Evidence from γ rays- and heat shock-induced cell death, Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 216, 708, 10.1006/bbrc.1995.2679

Gregio, 2009, eIF5A has a function in the elongation step of translation in yeast, Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 380, 785, 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.01.148

Han, 2008, Binding of spermine and ifenprodil to a purified, soluble regulatory domain of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor, J Neurochem, 107, 1566, 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05729.x

Hanfrey, 2005, A dual upstream open reading frame-based autoregulatory circuit controlling polyamine-responsive translation, J Biol Chem, 280, 39229, 10.1074/jbc.M509340200

Hayashi, 1996, Ornithine decarboxylase antizyme: a novel type of regulatory protein, Trends Biochem Sci, 21, 27, 10.1016/S0968-0004(06)80024-1

He, 1993, Correlation between the inhibition of cell growth by accumulated polyamines and the decrease of magnesium and ATP, Eur J Biochem, 217, 89, 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1993.tb18222.x

Heller, 1976, Induction of a protein inhibitor to ornithine decarboxylase by the end products of its reaction, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 73, 1858, 10.1073/pnas.73.6.1858

Higashi, 2008, Identification of a spermidine excretion protein complex (MdtJI) in Escherichia coli, J Bacteriol, 190, 872, 10.1128/JB.01505-07

Higashi, 2006, Enhancement of +1 frameshift by polyamines during translation of polypeptide release factor 2 in Escherichia coli, J Biol Chem, 281, 9527, 10.1074/jbc.M513752200

Higashi, 2008, Selective structural change of bulged-out region of double-stranded RNA containing bulged nucleotides by spermidine, Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 370, 572, 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.03.137

Higashi, 2008, Selective structural change by spermidine in the bulged-out region of double-stranded RNA and its effect on RNA function, J Biol Chem, 283, 32989, 10.1074/jbc.M806027200

Higgins, 1969, The effect of polyamines on cell culture cells, J Cell Physiol, 74, 149, 10.1002/jcp.1040740206

Hölttä, 1977, Oxidation of spermidine and spermine in rat liver: purification and properties of polyamine oxidase, Biochemistry, 16, 91, 10.1021/bi00620a015

Hyvönen, 2006, Polyamine-regulated unproductive splicing and translation of spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase, RNA, 12, 1569, 10.1261/rna.39806

Igarashi, 1978, Effect of polyamines on isoleucyl-tRNA formation by rat-liver isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, Eur J Biochem, 82, 301, 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1978.tb12024.x

Igarashi, 1975, Polyamine and magnesium contents and polypeptide synthesis as a function of cell growth, Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 64, 897, 10.1016/0006-291X(75)90132-1

Igarashi, 1999, Polyamine transport in bacteria and yeast, Biochem J, 344, 633, 10.1042/bj3440633

Igarashi, 2000, Polyamines: mysterious modulators of cellular functions, Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 271, 559, 10.1006/bbrc.2000.2601

Igarashi, 2006, Bacterial and eukaryotic transport systems, 433

Igarashi, 2006, Polyamine modulon in Escherichia coli: genes involved in the stimulation of cell growth by polyamines, J Biochem, 139, 11, 10.1093/jb/mvj020

Igarashi, 1979, Comparative studies on the increase by polyamines of fidelity of protein synthesis in Escherichia coli and wheat germ cell-free systems, Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 91, 440, 10.1016/0006-291X(79)91541-9

Igarashi, 1990, Spermine-like functions of N1, N12-bis(ethyl)spermine: stimulation of protein synthesis and cell growth and inhibition of gastric ulceration, Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 172, 715, 10.1016/0006-291X(90)90733-4

Igarashi, 1979, Defect in the split proteins of 30-S ribosomal subunits and under-methylation of 16-S ribosomal RNA in a polyamine-requiring mutant of Escherichia coli grown in the absence of polyamines, Eur J Biochem, 93, 345, 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1979.tb12829.x

Igarashi, 1984, Physiological effects in bovine lymphocytes of inhibiting polyamine synthesis with ethylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone), Cancer Res, 44, 5332

Igarashi, 1984, Comparison of specificity of inhibition of polyamine synthesis in bovine lymphocytes by ethylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone) and methylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone), Cancer Res, 44, 5326

Igarashi, 1974, Effect of polyamines of polyphenylalanine synthesis by Escherichia coli and rat-liver ribosomes, Eur J Biochem, 48, 495, 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1974.tb03790.x

Isa, 1995, Spermine mediates inward rectification of Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptor channels, Neuroreport, 6, 2045, 10.1097/00001756-199510010-00022

Ito, 1986, The increase by spermidine of fidelity of protamine synthesis in a wheat-germ cell-free system, Eur J Biochem, 156, 505, 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1986.tb09609.x

Ito, 1990, Polyamine regulation of the synthesis of thymidine kinase in bovine lymphocytes, Arch Biochem Biophys, 278, 277, 10.1016/0003-9861(90)90260-6

Ivanova, 2002, Neuroprotection in cerebral ischemia by neutralization of 3-aminopropanal, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 99, 5579, 10.1073/pnas.082609299

Ivanova, 1998, Cerebral ischemia enhances polyamine oxidation: identification of enzymatically formed 3-aminopropanal as an endogenous mediator of neuronal and glial cell death, J Exp Med, 188, 327, 10.1084/jem.188.2.327

Jänne, 2004, Genetic approaches to the cellular functions of polyamines in mammals, Eur J Biochem, 271, 877, 10.1111/j.1432-1033.2004.04009.x

Jelenc, 1979, Nucleoside triphosphate regeneration decreases the frequency of translation errors, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 76, 3174, 10.1073/pnas.76.7.3174

Jin, 2008, The pore region of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors differentially influences stimulation and block by spermine, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 327, 68, 10.1124/jpet.108.140459

Johansson, 2008, Effect of polyamine deficiency on proteins involved in Okazaki fragment maturation, Cell Biol Int, 32, 1467, 10.1016/j.cellbi.2008.08.018

Kakegawa, 1986, Effect of polyamines on in vitro reconstitution of ribosomal subunits, Eur J Biochem, 158, 265, 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1986.tb09746.x

Kakinuma, 1988, Characterization of the inducible polyamine transporter in bovine lymphocytes, Eur J Biochem, 176, 409, 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1988.tb14297.x

Kakinuma, 1987, Relationship among activation of the Na+/H+ antiporter, ornithine decarboxylase induction, and DNA synthesis, Arch Biochem Biophys, 259, 171, 10.1016/0003-9861(87)90483-8

Kakusho, 2008, Identification of stimulators and inhibitors of Cdc7 kinase in vitro, J Biol Chem, 283, 19211, 10.1074/jbc.M803113200

Kamboj, 1995, Intracellular spermine confers rectification on rat calcium-permeable AMPA and kainate receptors, J Physiol, 486, 297, 10.1113/jphysiol.1995.sp020812

Kashiwagi, 1996, An aspartate residue in the extracellular loop of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor controls sensitivity to spermine and protons, Mol Pharmacol, 49, 1131

Kashiwagi, 2002, The ATPase activity and the functional domain of PotA, a component of the sermidine-preferential uptake system in Escherichia coli, J Biol Chem, 277, 24212, 10.1074/jbc.M202849200

Kashiwagi, 2002, Channel blockers acting at N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors: differential effects of mutations in the vestibule and ion channel pore, Mol Pharmacol, 61, 533, 10.1124/mol.61.3.533

Kashiwagi, 1996, Spermidine-preferential uptake system in Escherichia coli. Identification of amino acids involved in polyamine binding in PotD protein, J Biol Chem, 271, 12205, 10.1074/jbc.271.21.12205

Kashiwagi, 1990, Identification of the polyamine-induced protein as a periplasmic oligopeptide binding protein, J Biol Chem, 265, 8387, 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)38898-2

Kobayashi, 1997, Subcortical silent brain infarction as a risk factor for clinical stroke, Stroke, 28, 1932, 10.1161/01.STR.28.10.1932

Koh, 1995, Block of native Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptors in rat brain by intracellular polyamines generates double rectification, J Physiol, 486, 305, 10.1113/jphysiol.1995.sp020813

Kurata, 2006, The polyamine binding site in inward rectifier K+ channels, J Gen Physiol, 127, 467, 10.1085/jgp.200509467

Kurihara, 2005, A novel putrescine utilization pathway involves γ-glutamylated intermediates of Escherichia coli K-12, J Biol Chem, 280, 4602, 10.1074/jbc.M411114200

Kuryatov, 1994, Mutational analysis of the glycine-binding site of the NMDA receptor: structural similarity with bacterial amino acid-binding proteins, Neuron, 12, 1291, 10.1016/0896-6273(94)90445-6

Kusama-Eguchi, 1991, Correlation between spermine stimulation of rat liver Ile-tRNA formation and structural change of the acceptor stem by spermine, Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 177, 745, 10.1016/0006-291X(91)91851-3

Laube, 1997, Molecular determinants of agonist discrimination by NMDA receptor subunits: analysis of the glutamate binding site on the NR2B subunit, Neuron, 18, 493, 10.1016/S0896-6273(00)81249-0

Laube, 1998, Evidence for a tetrameric structure of recombinant NMDA receptors, J Neurosci, 18, 2954, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.18-08-02954.1998

Law, 2001, Polyamine regulation of ribosome pausing at the upstream open reading frame of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase, J Biol Chem, 276, 38036, 10.1074/jbc.M105944200

Liu, 2009, Polyamines regulate E-cadherin transcription through c-Myc modulating intestinal epithelial barrier function, Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, 296, C801, 10.1152/ajpcell.00620.2008

Liu, 2003, Activation of TGF-β-Smad signaling pathway following polyamine depletion in intestinal epithelial cells, Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, 285, G1056, 10.1152/ajpgi.00151.2003

Liu, 2001, Regulation of CSF1 promoter by the SWI/SNF-like BAF complex, Cell, 106, 309, 10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00446-9

Lopatin, 1994, Potassium channel block by cytoplasmic polyamines as the mechanism of intrinsic rectification, Nature, 372, 366, 10.1038/372366a0

Marton, 1995, Polyamines as targets for therapeutic intervention, Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol, 35, 55, 10.1146/annurev.pa.35.040195.000415

Masuko, 1999, A regulatory domain (R1–R2) in the amino terminus of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor: effects of spermine, protons, and ifenprodil, and structural similarity to bacterial leucine/isoleucine/valine binding protein, Mol Pharmacol, 55, 957, 10.1124/mol.55.6.957

Matsufuji, 1995, Autoregulatory frameshifting in decoding mammalian ornithine decarboxylase antizyme, Cell, 80, 51, 10.1016/0092-8674(95)90450-6

Matsufuji, 1996, Reading two bases twice: mammalian antizyme frameshifting in yeast, EMBO J, 15, 1360, 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1996.tb00478.x

Meksuriyen, 1998, Formation of a complex containing ATP, Mg2+, and spermine. Structural evidence and biological significance, J Biol Chem, 273, 30939, 10.1074/jbc.273.47.30939

Mitchell, 1994, Feedback repression of polyamine transport is mediated by antizyme in mammalian tissue-culture cells, Biochem J, 299, 19, 10.1042/bj2990019

Miyamoto, 1993, Estimation of polyamine distribution and polyamine stimulation of protein synthesis in Escherichia coli, Arch Biochem Biophys, 300, 63, 10.1006/abbi.1993.1009

Murakami, 1992, Ornithine decarboxylase is degraded by the 26S proteasome without ubiquitination, Nature, 360, 597, 10.1038/360597a0

Neely, 1996, Kinetics of expression of the Escherichia coli cad operon as a function of pH and lysine, J Bacteriol, 178, 5522, 10.1128/jb.178.18.5522-5528.1996

Nishimura, 2005, Independent roles of eIF5A and polyamines in cell proliferation, Biochem J, 385, 779, 10.1042/BJ20041477

Nishimura, 2002, Essential role of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase in mouse embryonic development, Genes Cells, 7, 41, 10.1046/j.1356-9597.2001.00494.x

Nishimura, 2002, Inhibition of cell growth through inactivation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) by deoxyspergualin, Biochem J, 363, 761, 10.1042/bj3630761

Nishimura K, Okudaira H, Ochiai E, Higashi K, Kaneko M, Ishii I, et al. Identification of proteins whose synthesis is preferentially enhanced by polyamines at the level of translation in mammalian cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. doi:10.1016/j.biocel.2009.04.021; in press.

Nitta, 2002, Polyamine depletion induces apoptosis through mitochondria-mediated pathway, Exp Cell Res, 276, 120, 10.1006/excr.2002.5517

Nitta, 2001, Involvement of polyamines in B cell receptor-mediated apoptosis: spermine functions as a negative modulator, Exp Cell Res, 265, 174, 10.1006/excr.2001.5177

Ogasawara, 1989, Effect of polyamines on globin synthesis in a rabbit reticulocyte polyamine-free protein synthetic system, J Biochem, 105, 164, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a122633

Packham, 1994, Ornithine decarboxylase is a mediator of c-Myc-induced apoptosis, Mol Cell Biol, 14, 5741

Park, 2006, The post-translational synthesis of a polyamine-derived amino acid, hypusine, in the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A), J Biochem, 139, 161, 10.1093/jb/mvj034

Parks, 1991, Arylamine toxins from funnel-web spider (Agelenopsis aperta) venom antagonize N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor function in mammalian brain, J Biol Chem, 266, 21523, 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)54670-6

Pegg, 1988, Polyamine metabolism and its importance in neoplastic growth and a target for chemotherapy, Cancer Res, 48, 759

Pendeville, 2001, The ornithine decarboxylase gene is essential for cell survival during early murine development, Mol Cell Biol, 21, 6549, 10.1128/MCB.21.19.6549-6558.2001

Penning, 1998, Sensitization of TNF-induced apoptosis with polyamine synthesis inhibitors in different human and murine tumour cell lines, Cytokine, 10, 423, 10.1006/cyto.1997.0310

Pohjanpelto, 1996, Phosphorylation of Okazaki-like DNA fragments in mammalian cells and role of polyamines in the processing of this DNA, EMBO J, 15, 1193, 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1996.tb00458.x

Pollard, 1999, Functional interaction between GCN5 and polyamines: a new role for core histone acetylation, EMBO J, 18, 5622, 10.1093/emboj/18.20.5622

Priestley, 1989, Antagonism of responses to excitatory amino acids on rat cortical neurones by the spider toxin, argiotoxin636, Br J Pharmacol, 97, 1315, 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1989.tb12594.x

Quigley, 1978, Structural analysis of spermine and magnesium ion binding to yeast phenylalanine transfer RNA, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 75, 64, 10.1073/pnas.75.1.64

Ragsdale, 1989, Inhibition of rat brain glutamate receptors by philanthotoxin, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 251, 156

Ray, 1999, Polyamine depletion arrests cell cycle and induces inhibitors p21Waf1/Cip1, p27Kip1, and p53 in IEC-6 cells, Am J Physiol, 276, C684, 10.1152/ajpcell.1999.276.3.C684

Rock, 1992, The polyamine spermine has multiple actions on N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor single-channel currents in cultured cortical neurons, Mol Pharmacol, 41, 83

Rothenburg, 2001, A polymorphic dinucleotide repeat in the rat nucleolin gene forms Z-DNA and inhibits promoter activity, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 98, 8985, 10.1073/pnas.121176998

Sack, 1989, Structure of the l-leucine-binding protein refined at 2.4 A resolution and comparison with the Leu/Ile/Val-binding protein structure, J Mol Biol, 206, 193, 10.1016/0022-2836(89)90532-9

Saiki R, Nishimura K, Ishii I, Omura T, Okuyama S, Kashiwagi K, et al. Intense correlation between brain infarction and protein-conjugated acrolein. Stroke; doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.109.553248, in press.

Saini, 2009, Hypusine-containing protein eIF5A promotes translation elongation, Nature, 459, 118, 10.1038/nature08034

Sakata, 2000, Properties of a polyamine transporter regulated by antizyme, Biochem J, 347, 297, 10.1042/bj3470297

Sakata, 2003, Increase in putrescine, amine oxidase, and acrolein in plasma of renal failure patients, Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 305, 143, 10.1016/S0006-291X(03)00716-2

Schena, 1995, Quantitative monitoring of gene expression patterns with a complementary DNA microarray, Science, 270, 467, 10.1126/science.270.5235.467

Schipper, 2000, Involvement of polyamines in apoptosis. Facts and controversies: effectors or protectors?, Semin Cancer Biol, 10, 55, 10.1006/scbi.2000.0308

Schnier, 1991, Translation initiation factor 5A and its hypusine modification are essential for cell viability in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Mol Cell Biol, 11, 3105

Sharmin, 2001, Polyamine cytotoxicity in the presence of bovine serum amine oxidase, Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 282, 228, 10.1006/bbrc.2001.4569

Sobolevsky, 2002, Staggering of subunits in NMDAR channels, Biophys J, 83, 3304, 10.1016/S0006-3495(02)75331-9

Soksawatmaekhin, 2004, Excretion and uptake of cadaverine by CadB and its physiological functions in Escherichia coli, Mol Microbiol, 51, 1401, 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03913.x

Sugiyama, 1996, Crystal structure of PotD, the primary receptor of the polyamine transport system in Escherichia coli, J Biol Chem, 271, 9519, 10.1074/jbc.271.16.9519

Suzuki, 1994, Antizyme protects against abnormal accumulation and toxicity of polyamines in ornithine decarboxylase-overproducing cells, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 91, 8930, 10.1073/pnas.91.19.8930

Tabor, 1984, Polyamines, Annu Rev Biochem, 53, 749, 10.1146/annurev.bi.53.070184.003533

Tabor, 1985, Polyamines in microorganisms, Microbiol Rev, 49, 81, 10.1128/mr.49.1.81-99.1985

Tabor, 1964, Identification of the aminoaldehydes produced by the oxidation of spermine and spermidine with purified plasma amine oxidase, J Biol Chem, 239, 2194, 10.1016/S0021-9258(20)82220-0

Tabor, 1969, Formation of 1,4-diaminobutane and of spermidine by an ornithine auxotroph of Escherichia coli grown on limiting ornithine or arginine, J Biol Chem, 244, 2286, 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)78224-6

Tabor, 1982, Polyamine requirement for efficient translation of amber codons in vivo, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 79, 7087, 10.1073/pnas.79.23.7087

Terui, 2007, Enhancement of the synthesis of RpoN, Cra, and H-NS by polyamines at the level of translation in Escherichia coli cultured with glucose and glutamate, J Bacteriol, 189, 2359, 10.1128/JB.01562-06

Thomas, 1999, Effects of epidermal growth factor on MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells: alterations in polyamine biosynthesis and the expression of p21/CIP1/WAF1, J Cell Physiol, 179, 257, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4652(199906)179:3<257::AID-JCP3>3.0.CO;2-4

Thomas, 1995, Polyamine-mediated conformational perturbations in DNA alter the binding of estrogen receptor to poly(dG-m5dC).poly(dG-m5dC) and a plasmid containing the estrogen response element, J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol, 54, 89, 10.1016/0960-0760(95)00126-K

Tomitori, 2005, Polyamine oxidase and acrolein as novel biochemical markers for diagnosis of cerebral stroke, Stroke, 36, 2609, 10.1161/01.STR.0000190004.36793.2d

Uemura, 2008, Identification and characterization of a diamine exporter in colon epithelial cells, J Biol Chem, 283, 26428, 10.1074/jbc.M804714200

Vermeer, 2003, Silent brain infarcts and white matter lesions increase stroke risk in the general population: the Rotterdam Scan Study, Stroke, 34, 1126, 10.1161/01.STR.0000068408.82115.D2

Vujcic, 2002, Identification and characterization of a novel flavin-containing spermine oxidase of mammalian cell origin, Biochem J, 367, 665, 10.1042/bj20020720

Wallace, 2003, A perspective of polyamine metabolism, Biochem J, 376, 1, 10.1042/bj20031327

Wang, 1999, Cloning and characterization of human polyamine-modulated factor-1, a transcriptional cofactor that regulates the transcription of the spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase gene, J Biol Chem, 274, 22095, 10.1074/jbc.274.31.22095

Wang, 2003, Properties of purified recombinant human polyamine oxidase, PAOh1/SMO, Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 304, 605, 10.1016/S0006-291X(03)00636-3

Washburn, 1996, Block of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors by polyamines and polyamine toxins, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 278, 669

Watanabe, 1991, Estimation of polyamine binding to macromolecules and ATP in bovine lymphocytes and rat liver, J Biol Chem, 266, 20803, 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)54780-3

Williams, 1993, Ifenprodil discriminates subtypes of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor: selectivity and mechanisms at recombinant heteromeric receptors, Mol Pharmacol, 44, 851

Williams, 1997, Interactions of polyamines with ion channels, Biochem J, 325, 289, 10.1042/bj3250289

Williams, 1990, Characterization of polyamines having agonist, antagonist, and inverse agonist effects at the polyamine recognition site of the NMDA receptor, Neuron, 5, 199, 10.1016/0896-6273(90)90309-4

Williams, 1995, An acidic amino acid in the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor that is important for spermine stimulation, Mol Pharmacol, 48, 1087

Williams, 1998, The selectivity filter of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor: a tryptophan residue controls block and permeation of Mg2+, Mol Pharmacol, 53, 933

Williams, 1994, Sensitivity of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor to polyamines is controlled by NR2 subunits, Mol Pharmacol, 45, 803

Xiao, 2007, Polyamines regulate the stability of activating transcription factor-2 mRNA through RNA-binding protein HuR in intestinal epithelial cells, Mol Biol Cell, 18, 4579, 10.1091/mbc.e07-07-0675

Yoshida, 2004, A unifying model for the role of polyamines in bacterial cell growth, the polyamine modulon, J Biol Chem, 279, 46008, 10.1074/jbc.M404393200

Yoshida, 1999, Polyamine stimulation of the synthesis of oligopeptide-binding protein (OppA). Involvement of a structural change of the Shine–Dalgarno sequence and the initiation codon AUG in OppA mRNA, J Biol Chem, 274, 22723, 10.1074/jbc.274.32.22723

Yoshida, 2009, Acrolein toxicity: comparison with reactive oxygen species, Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 378, 313, 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.11.054

Yoshida, 2009, Acrolein, IL-6 and CRP as markers of silent brain infarction, Atherosclerosis, 203, 557, 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2008.07.022

Zuk, 1998, A single amino acid substitution in yeast eIF-5A results in mRNA stabilization, EMBO J, 17, 2914, 10.1093/emboj/17.10.2914