Chẩn đoán giác mạc hiện đại như chìa khóa cho việc phân loại chính xác bệnh lý và quyết định điều trị tối ưu

Die Ophthalmologie - Tập 120 - Trang 1238-1250 - 2023
Tim Berger1, Elias Flockerzi1, Loay Daas1, Loïc Hamon1, Zaynab Khattabi1, Maximilian Berger1, Berthold Seitz1
1Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes UKS, Homburg/Saar, Deutschland

Tóm tắt

Các bệnh lý liên quan đến giác mạc bao gồm một loạt các hình thức khác nhau (viêm/không viêm), mà cần phải được phân loại chính xác để có thể chẩn đoán và điều trị hiệu quả. Ngoài việc thu thập lịch sử bệnh (anamnesis) và sử dụng kính chiếu với đèn khe để quan sát, có thể thực hiện thêm các xét nghiệm hỗ trợ bằng thiết bị khác để thu hẹp chẩn đoán. Hình ảnh giác mạc hiện đại ngày nay cung cấp nhiều công nghệ khác nhau như đo đạc độ cong bề mặt (topography), chụp cắt lớp (tomography), kính hiển vi đồng tiêu sống (in-vivo confocal microscopy) và phân tích sinh học cơ học (biomechanics), với khả năng phân loại đáng tin cậy các bệnh lý khác nhau. Hơn nữa, việc hiểu biết về các phương pháp kiểm tra có sẵn sẽ hỗ trợ trong các suy nghĩ chẩn đoán phân biệt và tạo điều kiện thuận lợi cho việc chỉ định thực hiện can thiệp vi phẫu thuật theo mức độ bệnh.

Từ khóa

#giác mạc #chẩn đoán #công nghệ hình ảnh #vi phẫu thuật #bệnh lý giác mạc

Tài liệu tham khảo

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