Modeling ice cover effect on river channel bank stability
Tóm tắt
This paper presents a numerical model study on the ice cover effect on bank stability in non-cohesive alluvial channels. The model consists of a coupled two-dimensional finite element unsteady hydrodynamic model with bank erosion and mass failure processes for open water and ice-covered conditions. The associated morphological change is modeled with non-equilibrium sediment transport, including the side slope effect on bed load transport. The model adopts two sets of repose angles for emerged and submerged bank materials in analyzing non-cohesive bank mass collapses and redistributions. The model is validated with published laboratory experiments on bank retreat caused by dam-break flow and equilibrium cross-section evolution and showed improvements over existing numerical models. Simulated results showed that the ice cover caused larger bank retreats and bed depositions and slower channel cross-sectional change due to the reduced bed shear stress and the increased flow depth. A bank stability model is developed by coupling the unsteady hydrodynamics, non-equilibrium sediment transport, and bank erosion and mass failure processes. The model is validated with published laboratory experiments and other models. The ice-covered flow causes larger riverbank retreats and slower cross-sectional changes than that of the open channel flow.
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